Android应用程序的启动过程

//常见概念
//Application 

/**
 * Base class for implementing application instrumentation code.  When running
 * with instrumentation turned on, this class will be instantiated for you
 * before any of the application code, allowing you to monitor all of the
 * interaction the system has with the application.  An Instrumentation
 * implementation is described to the system through an AndroidManifest.xml's
 * <instrumentation> tag.
 */
public class Instrumentation {

public void startActivityForResult(@RequiresPermission Intent intent, int requestCode,
            @Nullable Bundle options) {
        if (mParent == null) {
            options = transferSpringboardActivityOptions(options);
            Instrumentation.ActivityResult ar =
                mInstrumentation.execStartActivity(
                    this, mMainThread.getApplicationThread(), mToken, this,
                    intent, requestCode, options);
                    //这里的mMainThread也是Activity类的成员变量，
                    //它的类型是ActivityThread，它代表的是应用程序的主线程
                    //这里通过mMainThread.getApplicationThread获得它里面的ApplicationThread成员变量，
                    //它是一个Binder对象，后面我们会看到，ActivityManagerService会
                    //使用它来和ActivityThread来进行进程间通信。这里我们需注意的是，这里的mMainThread代表的是Launcher应用程序运行的进程。

public ActivityResult execStartActivity(
            Context who, IBinder contextThread, IBinder token, Activity target,
            Intent intent, int requestCode, Bundle options) {
        IApplicationThread whoThread = (IApplicationThread) contextThread;
        if (mActivityMonitors != null) {
            synchronized (mSync) {
                final int N = mActivityMonitors.size();
                for (int i=0; i<N; i++) {
                    final ActivityMonitor am = mActivityMonitors.get(i);
                    if (am.match(who, null, intent)) {
                        am.mHits++;
                        if (am.isBlocking()) {
                            return requestCode >= 0 ? am.getResult() : null;
                        }
                        break;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        try {
            intent.migrateExtraStreamToClipData();
            intent.prepareToLeaveProcess();
            int result = ActivityManagerNative.getDefault()
                .startActivity(whoThread, who.getBasePackageName(), intent,//实际执行的是ActivityManagerService
                        intent.resolveTypeIfNeeded(who.getContentResolver()),
                        token, target != null ? target.mEmbeddedID : null,
                        requestCode, 0, null, null, options);
            checkStartActivityResult(result, intent);//检查activity执行结果
        } catch (RemoteException e) {
        }
        return null;
    }


    /**
     * Retrieve the system's default/global activity manager.
     */
    static public IActivityManager getDefault() {
        return gDefault.get();
    }


private static final Singleton<IActivityManager> gDefault = new Singleton<IActivityManager>() {
        protected IActivityManager create() {
            IBinder b = ServiceManager.getService("activity");
            if (false) {
                Log.v("ActivityManager", "default service binder = " + b);
            }
            IActivityManager am = asInterface(b);
            if (false) {
                Log.v("ActivityManager", "default service = " + am);
            }
            return am;
        }
    };


/**
 * Interact with the overall activities running in the system.
 */
public class ActivityManager {
    private static String TAG = "ActivityManager";
    private static boolean localLOGV = false;

    private final Context mContext;
    private final Handler mHandler;
    }


public final class ActivityManagerService extends ActivityManagerNative
        implements Watchdog.Monitor, BatteryStatsImpl.BatteryCallback {
       @Override
    public final int startActivity(IApplicationThread caller, String callingPackage,
            Intent intent, String resolvedType, IBinder resultTo,
            String resultWho, int requestCode, int startFlags,
            String profileFile, ParcelFileDescriptor profileFd, Bundle options) {
        return startActivityAsUser(caller, callingPackage, intent, resolvedType, resultTo,
                resultWho, requestCode,
                startFlags, profileFile, profileFd, options, UserHandle.getCallingUserId());
    }
    }