谈const关键字

今天被人问起，const关键字在与指针结合时的问题，一时无语。于是做了以下的实验：

char mychar = 'q';

char * mypoint = &mychar;

const char * myconst1 = &mychar;
char const * myconst4 = &mychar;
char * const myconst3 = &mychar;

const char const * myconst2 = &mychar;
const char * const myconst3 = &mychar;
char const * const myconst6 = &mychar;

const char const * const myconst5 = & mychar;

 

使用Intel C++ Compiler 8.0 编译，得出如下结果：

char mychar='5';
char   *  mypoint =&mychar; // common pointer
///define for const object
//const object must be initialize if not extern variable
 int main ()
{
 // Test for const 1
    const char * myconst1 = &mychar;    //a pointer which point to a const char
    myconst1++;    //Pass
    ++myconst1;    //Pass
    (*myconst1)++;    //Error, can not modify the value
    ++(*myconst1);    //Error, can not modify the value

 // Test for const 2
 char const * myconst2 = &mychar;    // a pointer which point to a const char
    myconst2++;    //Pass
    ++myconst2;    //Pass
    (*myconst2)++;    //Error, can not modify the value
    ++(*myconst2);    //Error, can not modify the value

 // Test for const 3
 char * const myconst3= &mychar;     //a const pointer which point to a char
    myconst3++;    //Error, can not modify the pointer
    ++myconst3;    //Error, can not modify the pointer
    (*myconst3)++;    //Pass
    ++(*myconst3);    //Pass

 // Test for const 4
 const char const * myconst4= &mychar;    // a pointer which point to a const char
    myconst4++;    //Pass
    ++myconst4;    //Pass
    (*myconst4)++;    //Error, can not modify the value
    ++(*myconst4);    //Error, can not modify the value

 // Test for const 5
 const char * const  myconst5= &mychar;    // a const pointer which point to a const char
    myconst5++;    // Error
    ++myconst5;    // Error
    (*myconst5)++;    // Error
    ++(*myconst5);    // Error

 // Test for const 6
  char const *const  myconst6= &mychar;    // a const pointer which pointer to a const char
    myconst6++;    // Error
    ++myconst6;    // Error
    (*myconst6)++;    // Error
    ++(*myconst6);    // Error

 // Test for const
  const char const * const myconst7 = &mychar;    // a const pointer which pointer to a const char
    myconst7++;    //Error
    ++myconst7;   //Error
    (*myconst7)++;   //Error
    ++(*myconst7);   //Error

 return 0;
}

 

结论：

其实结论是最简单的，const按照从右到左的结合法则去读，就知道这个const定义的实际含义。比如说
const char const * myconst 与const char * myconst其实是等价的。