Java学习（十四）——异常与处理

java中的异常类型

捕捉异常的方法：

try...catch...finally的用法

示例：

package com.javalearning;

public class exceptiondemo {
	public static void main(String args[]) {
		exceptiondemo test=new exceptiondemo();
		int result=test.test();
		System.out.println("返回值是："+result);
		
		int result2=test.test2();
		System.out.println("返回值是："+result2);
		
	}
	
	public int test() {//try..catch语句
		int divider=10;
		int result=100;
		try {
			while(divider>-1) {
				divider--;
				result=result+100/divider;
			}
			return result;
		}catch(Exception e)
		{
			e.printStackTrace();
			System.out.println("循环抛出异常。");
			return -1;
		}
	}
	
	public int test2() {//try...catch...finally语句
		int divider=10;
		int result=100;
		try {
			while(divider>-1) {
				divider--;
				result=result+100/divider;
			}
			return result;
		}catch(Exception e)
		{
			e.printStackTrace();
			System.out.println("循环抛出异常。");
			return result=666;
		}finally {
			System.out.println("这里是finally语句！");
			System.out.println("result的值是"+result);
		}
	}
	}

异常抛出，使用throws关键字：

package com.javalearn;

public class exceptionthrows {
	public void divide(int a,int b) throws Exception {
		if(b==0) {
			throw new Exception("除数不能为0！");
		}
		else {
			System.out.println("两数相除的结果是："+a/b);
		}

	}

	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		int a=3,b=1;
		int c=3,s=0;
		exceptionthrows e=new exceptionthrows();
		/*
		e.divide(a,b);
		e.divide(c, s);
		*/
		//使用try...catch语句
		try {
			e.divide(a, b);
			e.divide(c, s);
		} catch (Exception g) {
			System.out.println(g.getMessage());
		}
	}

}

package com.javalearn;

public class exceptionthrows {
	public void divide(int a,int b) throws Exception {
		if(b==0) {
			throw new Exception("除数不能为0！");
		}
		else {
			System.out.println("两数相除的结果是："+a/b);
		}

	}

	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		int a=3,b=1;
		int c=3,s=0;
		exceptionthrows e=new exceptionthrows();
		e.divide(a,b);
		e.divide(c, s);

		/*
		 //使用try...catch语句
		try {
			e.divide(a, b);
			e.divide(c, s);
		} catch (Exception g) {
			System.out.println(g.getMessage());
		}
		*/
	}

}

java中的异常种类：

自定义异常：

package com.javalearn;

public class customException extends Exception{//继承于所有异常的父类Exception
	public customException() {
		
	}
	public customException(String  message) {
		super(message);
	}

}

package com.javalearn;

public class chainException {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		chainException chainEx=new chainException();
		try{
			chainEx.ex2();
		} catch(Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
	public void ex1() throws customException{//异常1
		throw new customException("艰苦奋斗第26天！");
	}
	public void ex2() {
		try {
			ex1();
		} catch(customException e){
			RuntimeException newEx=new RuntimeException("明天要继续奋斗鸭！");
			newEx.initCause(e);
			throw newEx;	
		}
	}
}