java的异常处理涉及到程序流程的跳转,所以,虚拟机需要保存程序的执行流程,以便异常发生时能正确的跳转,这也就导致了使用异常时会引起额外的开销,所以,要谨慎地使用异常。
使用异常有如下几个原则:
1、尽量避免使用异常,将异常情况提前检测出来。
2、不要为每个可能会出现异常的语句都设置try和catch。
3、避免在方法中抛出(throw)或者捕获(catch)运行时异常RuntimeException和Error。
4、避免总是catch Exception或Throwable,而要catch具体的异常类。这样可以使程序更加清晰。
5、不要压制、隐瞒异常。将不能处理的异常往外抛,而不是捕获之后随便处理。
6、不要在循环中使用try...catch,尽量将try...catch放在循环外或者避免使用。
演示实例
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/6810355c2f78c12e91b7997a8e8c583a.gif)
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程序输出:
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/6810355c2f78c12e91b7997a8e8c583a.gif)
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/6810355c2f78c12e91b7997a8e8c583a.gif)
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