在职研一英语课件难句整理

课件难句整理

Unit2

1 The Single, longa stock figure in stories, songs and personal ads, was traditionally someoneat the margins of society:a figure of fun, pity or awe.

这些单身人士过去一直是故事、歌曲和个人广告中的常见人物，传统上这些人处在社会的边缘：滑稽有趣、让人怜悯或令人敬畏。

2 Those days aregone. In the place of withered spinsters and bachelors are people likeElizabeth de Kergorlay, a 29-year-old Parisian banker who views herindependence and her own apartment as the spoils of professional success.

Translation:

那些日子已经一去不复返了。现在的单身族不再像过去那些面容枯槁的老处女和鳏夫，而是像伊丽莎白·克尔戈莱这样的人。伊丽莎白·克尔戈莱是个29岁的巴黎银行家，她把拥有独立生活和自己的公寓看成是事业成功的结果。

3 As the sageswould say, weare all ultimately alone. But an increasing number of Europeans arechoosing to be so at an ever earlier age. This isn’t the stuff of gloomy philosophical meditations,but a fact of Europe’s new economic landscape, embraced by demographers,real-estate developers and ad executives alike.

Translation:

正如圣人们所言，我们最终都将是单独一人。但是越来越多的欧洲人在很年轻的时候就决定过独身生活。这不是悲观的人生思考，而是欧洲经济新气象，受到人口学家、房地产发展商和广告商这类人的普遍欢迎。

landscape: an areaof countryside or land of a particular type; the general situation in which aparticular activity takes place 风景，前景

embrace: toeagerly accept a new idea, opinion, religion etc拥抱，热情接受

4. According to therecent report “Britain in 2010” by Richard Scase, professor oforganizational behavior at the University of Kent, single-person householdswill outnumberfamilies and couples within a decade.

Translation:

根据肯特大学组织行为学教授理查德·斯凯斯最近的“2010年的英国”的报道，单身家庭数量将会在十年内超过两人或两人以上的家庭。

outnumber: to belarger in numbers than 

6. While pensioners,particularly elderly women, make up a hefty proportion of those living alone, the newest crop ofsingles are high earners in their 30s and 40s who increasingly viewliving alone as a lifestyle choice.

Translation:

领取养老金的人，特别是上了年纪的妇女，构成了独自生活人群的绝大多数；而新一批单身族则是30到40岁的高收入人士，他们日益认为独自生活是一种生活方式的选择。

hefty: large andpowerful; of considerable size or amount  强壮的；有力的；异常大的；相当多的

crop: group orquantity appearing at any one time 一群, 一组；许多

7. Kaufmann,author of a recent book called The Single Woman and Prince Charming, thinks this fierce newindividualism means that people expect more and more of mates, sorelationships don’t last long — if they start at all.

Translation:

最近出版《单身女人和白马王子》一书的作者考夫曼认为，这种狂热的新个人主义意味着人们对配偶的期望越来越多，因此相互之间的关系持续不长——如果能有开始交往的话。

10. Single-personhouseholds promotegentrification: when singles move into the neighborhood, saygeographers, latte bars, gyms and restaurants are sure to follow, and localmusic, theater and art galleries thrive.

Translation:

单身家庭促进了地区贵族化：地理学家说，当单身族搬进邻近地区时，咖啡酒吧、健身馆和饭店就一定会跟进来，并且当地的音乐、剧院和艺术馆也会繁荣起来。

Gentrification, orurban gentrification, is the change in an urban area associated with themovement of more affluent individuals into a lower-class area.士绅化，又译中产阶级化或贵族化

11  Women, it seems, enjoy singledom more than men do.According to Scase, single women — unlike men — tend to live near singlefriends, forming networks that serve as neo-families.

Translation:

妇女好象比男人更会享受单身生活。根据斯凯斯的观点，单身女人——与单身男人不同——倾向于住在单身朋友附近，形成新型家庭般的朋友圈。

neo-: 新，新式的

12. “The last thing Iwant to do when I come home is communicate.” For Richard Moore,managing director of a sport-promotions company, his 1870s south London houseis a refugefrom work.

Translation:

“当我回到家后，最不愿意做的事就是交际。”体育促销公司执行董事理查德·穆尔把他的伦敦南区建于19世纪70年代的老房子当成他逃离工作的避难所。

the last thing Iwant to do: what I don’t want to do at all

refuge: a placeproviding protection or shelter 庇护所

13. And divorcedor widowed people who hook up later in life tend to have set ways and long personalhistories with the requisite complications: “Should my piano or your piano bethe piano?” says Trost, imagining a hypothetical discussion.

Translation:

离婚或丧偶的人再次与他人和聚的时候，往往已有自己固定的生活方式和长期形成的复杂的个人需求。特罗斯特在假设一个讨论的情形时说：“是留下我的钢琴还是留下你的钢琴？

hook up: to meetup with; to start having a sexual relationship with someone 交往，结交

hypothetical:based on a situation that is not real, but that might happen 假设的，假定的

14. Small wonderthat Britain’s market for ready-made convenience foods has doubled in the lastfive years.

Translation:

怪不得英国市场的便利熟食在过去五年里增长了一倍。

small wonder: (=no wonder) not surprising; naturally 不足为奇，并不奇怪

15. Instead ofsaving for their kids’ college education, the home-aloners are prepared to fork out onpersonal-fitness trainers, seaweed cellulite wraps and stiletto heels.

Translation:

独自生活的人们不必为孩子上大学而储蓄，他们乐意把钱开支在个人健身、海藻脂肪膜和高跟鞋等上面。

fork out: to spenda lot of money on something 大量花钱，大把掏钱

16. The Playboymagazine promise of singledom as a portal to sublime sex doesn’t hold,according to Hamburg University sexologist Gunter Schmidt.

Translation:

根据汉堡大学性科学专家冈特·施密特的观点，《花花公子》杂志所认为的单身是通向美满性生活的途径的看法是不成立的。

portal: grand andimposing entrance; means of entrance   大门；入口 the portal of knowledge

sublime: extremelygood, beautiful or enjoyable 卓越的；美妙绝伦的

hold: to continueto be true, good, available etc适用，有效，可行 What I said yesterday still holds.

17. Nightly groupdinners aren’t mandatory,though people do have to pitch in and cook for a week every two months.

Translation:

虽然每两个月人们确实要花上一周的时间积极投入炊事准备，但集体晚餐并不是强制的。

mandatory:required by law; ordered by an authority (synonyms: compulsory, obligatory)) 法定的；强制性的

pitch in: to setto work vigorously; to help or cooperate 投入，参与，支援

18  The fusion of independence and community for olderpeople has proved popular: the seventy-year old group has a waiting listof 75, and visitors from Japan and the United States tramp through to learn about theSwedish method of aging gracefully.

Translation:

将自立引入老年社区已被证明很受欢迎：70岁的老人组有一份75人等候加入的名单，来自日本和美国的访客长途跋涉到此来了解瑞典的体面养老方法。

tramp: travel onfoot

tramp though: 长途跋涉

 

Unit3

1.   Medical advances in wonder drugs, daring surgicalprocedures, radiation therapies, and intensive-care units have brought new lifeto thousands of people. Yet to many of them, modern medicine has become a double-edged sword.

1. 在特效药、风险性手术进程、放疗法以及特护病房方面的医学进展已为数千人带来新生。然而，对于他们中不少人而言，现代医学已成为一把双刃剑。

double-edgedsword: something that has as many bad results as good ones; something with onenegative and one positive effect 

2.   Doctor’s power to treat with an array ofspace-age techniques has outstripped the body’s capacity to heal. Moremedical problems can be treated, but for many patients, there is little hope ofrecovery. Even the fundamental distinction between life and death has been blurred.

2. 医生采用一系列航空时代技术进行治疗的能力已超过人体本身的治愈能力。从医学的角度来说，有更多的疾病能够得以诊治，可对于许多病人而言，复原的希望却微乎其微。甚至生死之间的基本差别也难以界定清楚。

an array of:agroup of people or things, especially one that is large or impressive

outstrip: v .begreater in quantity than something else; exceed or surpass 超过；超越

blur .v . to makethe difference between two ideas, subjects etc less clear 使…模糊不清

3.   Many Americans are caught in medical limbo, as wasthe South Korean boxer Duk Koo Kim, who was kept alive by artificial meansafter he had beenknocked unconscious in a fight and his brain ceased to function.

不少美国人身陷医学囹圄，形同南韩拳击手金得九（Duk Koo Kim）的境遇。金得九在一次打斗中受到重击，人事不省，大脑停止运转，只能依靠人为方法赖以存活。

limbo: a state ofuncertainty about a situation that you can’t control and in which there’s no advancement and improvement 前途未卜的状况；悬而未决的状况

4. In the wake oftechnology’s advances in medicine, a heated debate is taking place in hospitalsand nursing homes across the country—over whether survival or quality of lifeis the paramountgoal of medicine.

4. 医疗技术进步了，是力求生存还是注重生命质量，哪个目标更为重要，这一问题在全美的医院和疗养院里引发了激烈的争论。

in the wake of: (of something, especially something bad)happening afterwards and usually as a result of it尾随，紧跟，仿效; 随着; 跟着;

paramount: moreimportant than anything else  最重要的；首要的

7.   The dilemma posed by modern medical technologyhas created the growing new discipline of bioethics. Many of the country’s 127 medicalschools now offer courses in medical ethics, a field virtually ignored only adecade ago.

这些因现代医学技术而产生的两难问题已不断催生出生物伦理学的新准则。如今，全美127家医学院中已有不少机构开设了医学伦理学课程，要在十年前，根本没人会去注意这个领域。

pose: exist in away that may cause a problem, danger, difficulty, etc. 提出；引起；造成

bioethics  n. the study connected with life and livingthings of what is morally right and what is not 生物伦理学

10. More than a dozen states recognize “livingwills” in which the patients leave instructions to doctors not to prolonglife by feeding them intravenously or by other methods if their illnessbecomes hopeless.

十几个州认可病患的“生存意愿”，即病患指示医生，如果病症医治无望则通过静脉注射或其他方式中止其生命。

prolong:  v. deliberately make something last longer;to extend 延长；延伸

intravenously  through or into a vein (=tube in the bodytaking blood back to the heart) 通过静脉地；静脉内地

11. Despite progress in society’s understanding ofdeath and dying, thorny issues remain. Example: A woman, 87, afflictedby the nervous-system disorder of Parkinson’s disease, has a massive strokeand is found unconscious by her family.

尽管社会对于生死的理解有所进步，棘手的问题仍然存在。例如：一位87岁的老妪因受帕金森氏病神经系统紊乱病痛的折磨，严重中风，家人发现她已昏迷不醒。

thorny: a. causingdifficulty; complicated and difficult  棘手的；复杂困难的

afflict: affectsomeone or something in an unpleasant way, and make them suffer 使苦恼；折磨；困扰

12. Ethicists alsofear that under the guise of medical decisions not to treat certainpatients, death may become too easy, pushing the country toward the acceptanceof euthanasia.

伦理学家也担心，有了对某些特定疾病不予治疗的决定做幌子，死亡可能会变得太容易了，会将整个国家推至接受安乐死的境地。

guise n.: the waysomeone or something appears to be, which hides the truth or is only temporary 表现形式；外观；伪装

14. At the other end of the life span, technology has sorevolutionized newborn care that it is no longer clear when human life is viableoutside the womb.

在生命中的另一端，科技发展变革了新生儿救治技术，我们也不清楚人的生命何时可以在子宫外得以存活。

span: the lengthof time over which someone's life, ability to pay attention to sth, etc.continues

viable: able tocontinue to exist as or develop into a living being; able to succeed inoperation能继续生存的；能存活的；切实可行的

15. Yet, for many infants who owe their lives tonew medical advances, survival has come at a price. A significant number emerge withpermanent physical and mental handicaps.

不过对于那些借助医学新进展而得以存活的婴儿而言，存活是要付出代价的。许多存活者都患有永久性的生理或心理残疾。

handicap: mentaland physical disability 生理或智力缺陷；残疾

16. “But I feelstrongly that retardationor the fact that someone is going to be less than perfect is not good groundsfor allowing an infant to die.”

“但我坚持认为，那种智力迟钝、有缺陷不足以成为任由一个婴儿死亡的理据。”

retardation  the process of making something happen ordevelop more slowly than it should; slowness in mental development 迟缓；阻滞；迟钝

19. The currenttrend is toward non-treatment as doctors