2010 英语一text2

　Over the past decade, thousands of patents have been granted for what are called business methods. Amazon.com received one for its "one-click" online payment system. Merrill Lynch got legal protection for an asset allocation strategy. One inventor patented a technique for lifting a box.

过去的十年间，所谓的商业方法获得了成千上万的专利授权。亚马逊公司获得了“一键点击”在线支付系统的专利。ML因一项资产分配策略而受到法律的保护。一位发明家获得了一种提箱技术

　　Now the nation's top patent court appears completely ready to scale back on business-method patents, which have been controversial ever since they were first authorized 10 years ago. In a move that has intellectual-property lawyers abuzz the U.S. court of Appeals for the federal circuit said it would use a particular case to conduct a broad review of business-method patents. In re Bilski, as the case is known , is "a very big deal", says Dennis D. Crouch of the University of Missouri School of law. It "has the potential to eliminate an entire class of patents."

如今国家的最高专利法庭完全的为缩减商业方法专利的规模做好了准备，自从该这些专利十年前被授权就饱受争议。美国联邦巡回上诉法院曾经表示，他将利用一个特殊的案件对商业方法专利进行复审，这一举动引得知识产权律师们议论纷纷。这一熟知的案件就是rb，非常大的案件，D说，他有潜力来消除完全的一整类专利。

选C。A选项无从谈起，文中说了各种商业公司都在申请专利，推不出“他对商业有限的价值”B选项只是说ML集团申请了一个关于资产分配的专利，不代表所有。C是对的，“缩减规模”、“重新复审”说明他们的授予可能会受到限制。D选项，文中提到自从被授予就有争议，并不是“recently”

选择D。A“对他的裁决符合法院的判决”C“他已被联邦巡回法院驳回”都是错误的，因为法院还没有进行裁定。B选项“他涉及一笔很大的商业交易”文中没说。D选项：文中说“这一熟知的案件就是rb，非常大的案件，D说，他有潜力来消除完全的一整类专利。”，可知D正确。

　　Curbs on business-method claims would be a dramatic about-face, because it was the federal circuit itself that introduced such patents with is 1998 decision in the so-called state Street Bank case, approving a patent on a way of pooling mutual-fund assets. That ruling produced an explosion in business-method patent filings, initially by emerging internet companies trying to stake out exclusive rights to specific types of online transactions. Later, move established companies raced to add such patents to their files, if only as a defensive move against rivals that might beat them to the punch. In 2005, IBM noted in a court filing that it had been issued more than 300 business-method patents despite the fact that it questioned the legal basis for granting them. Similarly, some Wall Street investment films armed themselves with patents for financial products, even as they took positions in court cases opposing the practice.

对于商业方法的限制也许是一次戏剧性的转变，因为正是联邦巡回政府自己在1998年对所谓的“美国道福银行案”进行裁决时引入了这类专利，批准了为共同基金资产筹集方式授予一项专利。这一裁决导致商业方法专利申请激增，最初是新兴的互联网公司试图对特殊类型的在线交易占得专有权，之后，更多的老牌公司竞相将此类专利放入自己囊中，只是一个防御性首段防止竞争对手抢占先机的措施。2005年，IBM公司在一项法律文件中提到，自己被授予了超过300项商业方法专利，尽管事实是他们怀疑授予这些专利的法律依据。同样，一些华尔街投资公司也用哪个金融产品专利来武装自己，即使他们在法庭案件中反对这种做法。

选择C，文中说联邦巡回法院自己曾经授予过，后来引起各个企业争先恐后申请商业方法专利，所以说是C 态度的转变。A善意的确实、D尊严的增强B敌意的增加都是错误的。

　　The Bilski case involves a claimed patent on a method for hedging risk in the energy market. The Federal circuit issued an unusual order stating that the case would be heard by all 12 of the court's judges, rather than a typical panel of three, and that one issue it wants to evaluate is whether it should "reconsider" its state street Bank ruling.

B案涉及了一项能源市场风险规避的专利申请，联邦巡回法院发布了一项不同寻常的法令，宣称此案将由该法院全体12名法官联席审理，而不是一贯的三人法官组审理，同时宣称法院想要评估一个议题---是否应该重新审议对美国道富银行的裁决。

　　The Federal Circuit's action comes in the wake of a series of recent decisions by the supreme Court that has narrowed the scope of protections for patent holders. Last April, for example the justices signaled that too many patents were being upheld for "inventions" that are obvious. The judges on the Federal circuit are "reacting to the anti-patent trend at the Supreme Court", says Harold C. Wegner, a patent attorney and professor at George Washington University Law School.

在最高法院最近做出的一系列关于缩小专利持有人受保护范围的裁决之后，联邦法院采取了上述行动。例如去年四月，法官们表示 太多没有创意的发明正在被授予专利权。联邦巡回法院的法官们正在“对最高法院的反专利趋势做出反应”H说。

选B，“没有授予的必要” A“可以免于法律的质疑”错误，文中已经提到法院想要评估是否应该“重新审议”对美国道富银行案的裁决。C 降低了对专利持有人的尊重，错误，只是说缩小对专利持有人的保护范围，和尊重无关。D 会增加风险的发生率更是无稽之谈

选A，D选项并不能看出是一个普遍的趋势。文中只是说了 联邦巡回法院的法官们正在对“最高法院的反专利趋势做出反应。”