chpasswd - How to use chpasswd command in Linux

Example

Example1

# echo 'user01:password' | chpasswd

# echo 'user:hash-password' | chpasswd -e

 

Example2

# echo 'USER:PASS' > tmp.txt ; chpasswd < tmp.txt ; rm -f tmp.txt

 

Example3

# cat newpasswd.txt
user1:password123
user2:password456
user3:password789

# chpasswd < newpasswd.txt

 

Tips

Example Hash Password

# openssl passwd -1 'newpassword'
$1$0u444IQv$YSGCzz8mesPzCWwxHCxit.

# echo 'user01:$1$0u444IQv$YSGCzz8mesPzCWwxHCxit.' | chpasswd -e
# cat /etc/shadow |grep test1
test1:$1$0u444IQv$YSGCzz8mesPzCWwxHCxit.:17526:0:99999:7:::
# exit
$ su - user01
            <- newpassword

How to create Hash Password

# openssl passwd -1 'pass'      <- MD5 Only

# grub-crypt --md5
Password: 
Retype password: 

# grub-crypt --sha-256
Password: 
Retype password: 

# grub-crypt --sha-512
Password: 
Retype password: 

 

chpasswd with MD5

password command uses MD5, but chpasswd command uses DES,
If you want to use MD5, you add below.

/etc/login.defs

MD5_CRYPT_ENAB yes