C++学习教程

菜鸟教程之学习

#include<iostream>  
#include<string>  
#include <limits>  
using namespace std;

int main()
{
	cout << "type: \t\t" << "************size**************" << endl;
	cout << "bool: \t\t" << "所占字节数：" << sizeof(bool);
	cout << "\t最大值：" << (numeric_limits<bool>::max)();
	cout << "\t\t最小值：" << (numeric_limits<bool>::min)() << endl;
	cout << "char: \t\t" << "所占字节数：" << sizeof(char);
	cout << "\t最大值：" << (numeric_limits<char>::max)();
	cout << "\t\t最小值：" << (numeric_limits<char>::min)() << endl;
	cout << "signed char: \t" << "所占字节数：" << sizeof(signed char);
	cout << "\t最大值：" << (numeric_limits<signed char>::max)();
	cout << "\t\t最小值：" << (numeric_limits<signed char>::min)() << endl;
	cout << "unsigned char: \t" << "所占字节数：" << sizeof(unsigned char);
	cout << "\t最大值：" << (numeric_limits<unsigned char>::max)();
	cout << "\t\t最小值：" << (numeric_limits<unsigned char>::min)() << endl;
	cout << "wchar_t: \t" << "所占字节数：" << sizeof(wchar_t);
	cout << "\t最大值：" << (numeric_limits<wchar_t>::max)();
	cout << "\t\t最小值：" << (numeric_limits<wchar_t>::min)() << endl;
	cout << "short: \t\t" << "所占字节数：" << sizeof(short);
	cout << "\t最大值：" << (numeric_limits<short>::max)();
	cout << "\t\t最小值：" << (numeric_limits<short>::min)() << endl;
	cout << "int: \t\t" << "所占字节数：" << sizeof(int);
	cout << "\t最大值：" << (numeric_limits<int>::max)();
	cout << "\t最小值：" << (numeric_limits<int>::min)() << endl;
	cout << "unsigned: \t" << "所占字节数：" << sizeof(unsigned);
	cout << "\t最大值：" << (numeric_limits<unsigned>::max)();
	cout << "\t最小值：" << (numeric_limits<unsigned>::min)() << endl;
	cout << "long: \t\t" << "所占字节数：" << sizeof(long);
	cout << "\t最大值：" << (numeric_limits<long>::max)();
	cout << "\t最小值：" << (numeric_limits<long>::min)() << endl;
	cout << "unsigned long: \t" << "所占字节数：" << sizeof(unsigned long);
	cout << "\t最大值：" << (numeric_limits<unsigned long>::max)();
	cout << "\t最小值：" << (numeric_limits<unsigned long>::min)() << endl;
	cout << "double: \t" << "所占字节数：" << sizeof(double);
	cout << "\t最大值：" << (numeric_limits<double>::max)();
	cout << "\t最小值：" << (numeric_limits<double>::min)() << endl;
	cout << "long double: \t" << "所占字节数：" << sizeof(long double);
	cout << "\t最大值：" << (numeric_limits<long double>::max)();
	cout << "\t最小值：" << (numeric_limits<long double>::min)() << endl;
	cout << "float: \t\t" << "所占字节数：" << sizeof(float);
	cout << "\t最大值：" << (numeric_limits<float>::max)();
	cout << "\t最小值：" << (numeric_limits<float>::min)() << endl;
	cout << "size_t: \t" << "所占字节数：" << sizeof(size_t);
	cout << "\t最大值：" << (numeric_limits<size_t>::max)();
	cout << "\t最小值：" << (numeric_limits<size_t>::min)() << endl;
	cout << "string: \t" << "所占字节数：" << sizeof(string) << endl;
	// << "\t最大值：" << (numeric_limits<string>::max)() << "\t最小值：" << (numeric_limits<string>::min)() << endl;  
	cout << "type: \t\t" << "************size**************" << endl;
	cin.get();
	return 0;
}

//枚举类型不一定要在 main 中定义 :
#include
using namespace std;
enum time
{
first, second,
third, forth, fifth
};

int main()
{
enum time a = fifth;
if (a == fifth)
{
cout << “Succeed!”;
}
cin.get();
return 0;
}

//枚举和switch随便做一个判断名次的举例
#include
using namespace std;

int main()
{
enum rank
{
first, second, third
};

int nRank = 1;
switch (nRank)
{
case first:
	cout << "第一名";
	break;
case second:
	cout << "第二名";
	break;
case third:
	cout << "第三名";
	break;
default:
	break;
}
// system("pause");
return 0;

}

//每个枚举元素在声明时被分配一个整型值，默认从 0 开始，逐个加 1。
#include
using namespace std;
int main()
{
enum Weekend { Zero, One, Two, Three, Four };
int a, b, c, d, e;
a = Zero;
b = One;
c = Two;
d = Three;
e = Four;
cout << a << “,” << b << “,” << c << “,” << d << “,” << e << endl;
system(“pause”);
return 0;
}

也可以在定义枚举类型时对枚举元素赋值，此时，赋值的枚举值为所赋的值，而其他没有赋值的枚举值在为前一个枚举值加 1。
#include
using namespace std;
int main()
{
enum Weekend { Zero, One, Two = 555, Three, Four };
int a, b, c, d, e;
a = Zero;
b = One;
c = Two;
d = Three;
e = Four;
cout << a << “,” << b << “,” << c << “,” << d << “,” << e << endl;
system(“pause”);
return 0;
}