语法:pandas.date_range(start=None, end=None, periods=None, freq='D', tz=None, normalize=False, name=None, closed=None, **kwargs)
该函数主要用于生成一个固定频率的时间索引,在调用构造方法时,必须指定start、end、periods中的两个参数值,否则报错。
主要参数说明:
periods:固定时期,取值为整数或None
freq:日期偏移量,取值为string或DateOffset,默认为'D'
normalize:若参数为True表示将start、end参数值正则化到午夜时间戳
name:生成时间索引对象的名称,取值为string或None
closed:可以理解成在closed=None情况下返回的结果中,若closed=‘left’表示在返回的结果基础上,再取左开右闭的结果,若closed='right'表示在返回的结果基础上,再取做闭右开的结果
- In [11]: import pandas as pd
- In [12]: pd.date_range(start='20170101',end='20170110')
- Out[12]:
- DatetimeIndex(['2017-01-01', '2017-01-02', '2017-01-03', '2017-01-04',
- '2017-01-05', '2017-01-06', '2017-01-07', '2017-01-08',
- '2017-01-09', '2017-01-10'],
- dtype='datetime64[ns]', freq='D')
- In [13]: pd.date_range(start='20170101',periods=10)
- Out[13]:
- DatetimeIndex(['2017-01-01', '2017-01-02', '2017-01-03', '2017-01-04',
- '2017-01-05', '2017-01-06', '2017-01-07', '2017-01-08',
- '2017-01-09', '2017-01-10'],
- dtype='datetime64[ns]', freq='D')
- In [14]: pd.date_range(start='20170101',periods=10,freq='1D')
- Out[14]:
- DatetimeIndex(['2017-01-01', '2017-01-02', '2017-01-03', '2017-01-04',
- '2017-01-05', '2017-01-06', '2017-01-07', '2017-01-08',
- '2017-01-09', '2017-01-10'],
- dtype='datetime64[ns]', freq='D')
- In [15]: pd.date_range(start='20170101',end='20170110',freq='3D',name='dt')
- Out[15]: DatetimeIndex(['2017-01-01', '2017-01-04', '2017-01-07', '2017-01-10'],
- dtype='datetime64[ns]', name='dt', freq='3D')
- In [16]: pd.date_range(start='2017-01-01 08:10:50',periods=10,freq='s',normaliz
- ...: e=True)
- Out[16]:
- DatetimeIndex(['2017-01-01 00:00:00', '2017-01-01 00:00:01',
- '2017-01-01 00:00:02', '2017-01-01 00:00:03',
- '2017-01-01 00:00:04', '2017-01-01 00:00:05',
- '2017-01-01 00:00:06', '2017-01-01 00:00:07',
- '2017-01-01 00:00:08', '2017-01-01 00:00:09'],
- dtype='datetime64[ns]', freq='S')
- In [17]: pd.date_range(start='2017-01-01 08:10:50',end='2017-01-02 09:20:40',fr
- ...: eq='s',normalize=True)
- Out[17]:
- DatetimeIndex(['2017-01-01 00:00:00', '2017-01-01 00:00:01',
- '2017-01-01 00:00:02', '2017-01-01 00:00:03',
- '2017-01-01 00:00:04', '2017-01-01 00:00:05',
- '2017-01-01 00:00:06', '2017-01-01 00:00:07',
- '2017-01-01 00:00:08', '2017-01-01 00:00:09',
- ...
- '2017-01-01 23:59:51', '2017-01-01 23:59:52',
- '2017-01-01 23:59:53', '2017-01-01 23:59:54',
- '2017-01-01 23:59:55', '2017-01-01 23:59:56',
- '2017-01-01 23:59:57', '2017-01-01 23:59:58',
- '2017-01-01 23:59:59', '2017-01-02 00:00:00'],
- dtype='datetime64[ns]', length=86401, freq='S')
- In [18]: pd.date_range(start='2017-01-01 08:10:50',periods=15,freq='s',normaliz
- ...: e=False)
- Out[18]:
- DatetimeIndex(['2017-01-01 08:10:50', '2017-01-01 08:10:51',
- '2017-01-01 08:10:52', '2017-01-01 08:10:53',
- '2017-01-01 08:10:54', '2017-01-01 08:10:55',
- '2017-01-01 08:10:56', '2017-01-01 08:10:57',
- '2017-01-01 08:10:58', '2017-01-01 08:10:59',
- '2017-01-01 08:11:00', '2017-01-01 08:11:01',
- '2017-01-01 08:11:02', '2017-01-01 08:11:03',
- '2017-01-01 08:11:04'],
- dtype='datetime64[ns]', freq='S')
- In [19]: pd.date_range(start='20170101',end='20170110',freq='3D',closed='left')
- ...:
- Out[19]: DatetimeIndex(['2017-01-01', '2017-01-04', '2017-01-07'], dtype='dateti
- me64[ns]', freq='3D')
- In [20]: pd.date_range(start='20170101',end='20170110',freq='3D',closed='right'
- ...: )
- Out[20]: DatetimeIndex(['2017-01-04', '2017-01-07', '2017-01-10'], dtype='dateti
- me64[ns]', freq='3D')