ImportError: Matplotlib qt-based backends require an external PyQt4, PyQt5

pycharm在用pip install python-qt5安装qt5之后，在运行包含

 import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

的同样代码，会出现如下错误：

ImportError: Matplotlib qt-based backends require an external PyQt4, PyQt5,
or PySide package to be installed, but it was not found.

解决方法：

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-  #设置中文编码格式
import matplotlib
matplotlib.use("Agg")      # 或着matplotlib.use(“GTK”)或者matplotlib.use(“Qt5Agg”)
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

matplotlib.use()用来指定matplotlib用哪个backend

matplotlib.get_backend()可以查看matplotlib当前用的backend是哪个