关于javaWeb的Filter过滤器

JSP课程设计毕业设计远吗

于 2020-02-13 16:39:32 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/zhupengqq1/article/details/104298258

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关于javaWeb的Filter过滤器

Filter是如何实现拦截的？

　　Filter接口中有一个doFilter方法，当我们编写好Filter，并配置对哪个web资源进行拦截后，WEB服务器每次在调用web资源的service方法之前，都会先调用一下filter的doFilter方法，因此，在该方法内编写代码可达到如下目的：

调用目标资源之前，让一段代码执行。
是否调用目标资源（即是否让用户访问web资源）。
调用目标资源之后，让一段代码执行。

　　web服务器在调用doFilter方法时，会传递一个filterChain对象进来，filterChain对象是filter接口中最重要的一个对象，它也提供了一个doFilter方法，开发人员可以根据需求决定是否调用此方法，调用该方法，则web服务器就会调用web资源的service方法，即web资源就会被访问，否则web资源不会被访问。

其实Filter和Servlet很类似，读者可以根据servlet来比较着学习Filter

下面通过一个完整的项目来介绍Filter的作用。

先要继承Filter接口：

对账号的验证：

<span style="font-size:18px;"><span style="font-size:18px;"><span style="font-size:18px;">package com.cn.zhu;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.Filter;
import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;

public class Unamefilter implements Filter {

	public void destroy() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub

	}

	public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response,
			FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
            System.out.println("开始执行，doFilter");
	       String  inuname=fliterconfig.getInitParameter("uname1");
	       String uname=request.getParameter("uname");
	       if(!inuname.equals(uname)){
	    	   request.setAttribute("message", "用户名不正确");
	    	   request.getRequestDispatcher("/login.jsp").forward(request, response);
	    	   return;
	       }
		
	chain.doFilter(request, response);//放行
		
           
	}
   private FilterConfig  fliterconfig;
	public void init(FilterConfig filter) throws ServletException {
	   this.fliterconfig=filter;
         System.out.println("开始执行，init");
	}

}
</span></span></span>

对密码的验证

<span style="font-size:18px;"><span style="font-size:18px;">package com.cn.zhu;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.Filter;
import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;

public class Unamefilter implements Filter {

	public void destroy() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub

	}

	public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response,
			FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
            System.out.println("开始执行，doFilter");
	       String  inuname=fliterconfig.getInitParameter("uname1");
	       String uname=request.getParameter("uname");
	       if(!inuname.equals(uname)){
	    	   request.setAttribute("message", "用户名不正确");
	    	   request.getRequestDispatcher("/login.jsp").forward(request, response);
	    	   return;
	       }
		
	chain.doFilter(request, response);//放行
		
           
	}
   private FilterConfig  fliterconfig;
	public void init(FilterConfig filter) throws ServletException {
	   this.fliterconfig=filter;
         System.out.println("开始执行，init");
	}

}</span></span>

一个登陆的请求：login.jsp页面

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>


<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <base href="<%=basePath%>">
    
    <title>My JSP 'login.jsp' starting page</title>
    
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">    
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
<!--
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
-->
 <style type="text/css">
<!--
body {
background-color:#6F00D2;
background-image: url(image/12885844_113021655000_2[1].jpg);
}


.ww1 {
height: 30px;
width: 180px;
}


</style> 

   <script  language="javascript">
//javascript check函数，用于检查表单中输入的用户昵称和登录密码是否为空
function check()
{
           return true;
}

</script>
     
  </head>
  
  <body>
  <h1 align="center">管理员登录</h1>
  <form action="hello.jsp" method="post">
  <table align="center">
               <tr>
                  
                   <td height="45">      账号  <input type="text" name="uname" value="${param.uname}" height="45"/><br> </td>
                    <td><font color="red">${message }</font>  </td>
               </tr>
               
                 <tr>
                  
                   <td  height="45">          密码     <input type="password" name="upassword"  height="45"/><br> </td>
                    <td>  <font color="red">${passmessage }</font>  </td>
               </tr> 
         <tr>
       
           <td>   
    
           <button onclick="return check();" style="background: rgb(0, 142, 173); 
          padding: 7px 10px; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(26, 117, 152); 
          border-image: none; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: bold;" >登录</button>
           </td>
           </tr>
        
       </form>
       </table>
  </body>
</html>

web.xml配置信息如下账号默认为Tom,密码为123456，

这个账号密码，可以换成数据库的信息。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.5" 
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" 
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee 
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
  <servlet>
    <description>This is the description of my J2EE component</description>
    <display-name>This is the display name of my J2EE component</display-name>
    <servlet-name>Liststudentss</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>com.mvc.Liststudentss</servlet-class>
  </servlet>
  <servlet>
    <description>This is the description of my J2EE component</description>
    <display-name>This is the display name of my J2EE component</display-name>
    <servlet-name>Deletestudent</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>com.mvc.Deletestudent</servlet-class>
  </servlet>
  <servlet>
    <description>This is the description of my J2EE component</description>
    <display-name>This is the display name of my J2EE component</display-name>
    <servlet-name>InsertStudent</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>com.mvc.InsertStudent</servlet-class>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>Liststudentss</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/liststudents</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>Deletestudent</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/deletestudent</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>InsertStudent</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/InsertStudent</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  <welcome-file-list>
   
     <welcome-file>login.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
                    <!--过滤器配置--!>

  <context-param> 
     <param-name>upassword</param-name>
     <param-value>123456</param-value>
 </context-param>
 <filter> 
     <display-name>Unamefilter</display-name> 
     <filter-name>Unamefilter</filter-name>
     <filter-class>com.cn.zhu.Unamefilter</filter-class> 
  <init-param> 
      <param-name>uname1</param-name> 
      <param-value>Tom</param-value> 
  </init-param> 
 </filter>
 <filter-mapping> 
      <filter-name>Unamefilter</filter-name>
      <url-pattern>/hello.jsp</url-pattern> 
  </filter-mapping> 
 <filter> 
     <display-name>PasswordFilter</display-name> 
     <filter-name>PasswordFilter</filter-name> 
     <filter-class>com.cn.zhu.PasswordFilter</filter-class>
 </filter> 
 <filter-mapping> 
    <filter-name>PasswordFilter</filter-name> 
    <url-pattern>/hello.jsp</url-pattern> 
 </filter-mapping> 
</web-app>

界面如下