使用Jersey进行跨服务器上传文件出现错误 "405 Method Not Allowed"

使用Jersey跨服务器上传文件出现 “405 Method Not Allowed”

问题出现

在学习 SpringMVC 框架的过程中，进行了跨服务器上传文件的练习。但是当一切就绪之后，上传文件总是报以下错误：

HTTP Status 500 – Internal Server Error
Type 异常报告

消息 Request processing failed; nested exception is com.sun.jersey.api.client.UniformInterfaceException: PUT http://localhost:9090/upload/3a2b2047-1a05-41fb-9748-83dcbdce872egirl8.jpg returned a response status of 405 Method Not Allowed

描述 服务器遇到一个意外的情况，阻止它完成请求。

Exception

org.springframework.web.util.NestedServletException: Request processing failed; nested exception is com.sun.jersey.api.client.UniformInterfaceException: PUT http://localhost:9090/upload/3a2b2047-1a05-41fb-9748-83dcbdce872egirl8.jpg returned a response status of 405 Method Not Allowed
	org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:986)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doPost(FrameworkServlet.java:881)
	javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:660)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.service(FrameworkServlet.java:855)
	javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:741)
	org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:53)
	org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter.doFilterInternal(CharacterEncodingFilter.java:200)
	org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
Root Cause

com.sun.jersey.api.client.UniformInterfaceException: PUT http://localhost:9090/upload/3a2b2047-1a05-41fb-9748-83dcbdce872egirl8.jpg returned a response status of 405 Method Not Allowed
	com.sun.jersey.api.client.WebResource.voidHandle(WebResource.java:709)
	com.sun.jersey.api.client.WebResource.put(WebResource.java:208)
	com.ronz.controller.FileUploadController.testAcrossServer(FileUploadController.java:52)
	java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
	java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
	java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
	java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:566)
	org.springframework.web.method.support.InvocableHandlerMethod.doInvoke(InvocableHandlerMethod.java:209)
	org.springframework.web.method.support.InvocableHandlerMethod.invokeForRequest(InvocableHandlerMethod.java:136)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.ServletInvocableHandlerMethod.invokeAndHandle(ServletInvocableHandlerMethod.java:102)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.invokeHandlerMethod(RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.java:871)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.handleInternal(RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.java:777)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter.handle(AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter.java:87)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:991)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:925)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:978)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doPost(FrameworkServlet.java:881)
	javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:660)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.service(FrameworkServlet.java:855)
	javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:741)
	org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:53)
	org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter.doFilterInternal(CharacterEncodingFilter.java:200)
	org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
Note 主要问题的全部 stack 信息可以在 server logs 里查看

Apache Tomcat/9.0.20

问题分析

根据错误提示信息指出的源码部分：

我一直以为是我的代码中对象用错了，或者是方法调错了。多次对比例程代码之后，发现完全一样，真的是懵了。后来百度得知，原来这个错误提示就是个大坑。

真正的错误原因在于：Tomcat 中没有开启权限。Tomcat 中默认情况下是会拦截 HTTP 的 PUT 和 DELETE 指令的，这点在 Tomcat 的配置文件 conf/web.xml 的注释中可以看到：

<!--   readonly            Is this context "read only", so HTTP           -->
<!--                       commands like PUT and DELETE are               -->
<!--                       rejected?  [true]                              -->

问题解决

找到问题的症结，就很好解决了：在 Tomcat 的安装目录下的 conf/web.xml 中配置 readonly = false。

 <servlet>
     <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
     <servlet-class>org.apache.catalina.servlets.DefaultServlet</servlet-class>
     <init-param>
         <param-name>debug</param-name>
         <param-value>0</param-value>
     </init-param>
     <init-param>
         <param-name>listings</param-name>
         <param-value>false</param-value>
     </init-param>
     <!-- 关闭 Tomcat 对 PUT 和 DELETE 指令的拦截 -->
	 <init-param>
		 <param-name>readonly</param-name>
		 <param-value>false</param-value>
	 </init-param>
	 <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
 </servlet>

至此，问题顺利解决。