本文是 Android Developer 上官方文档的个人翻译,囿于作者英文水平,可能比较粗糙,原文如下:
原文:http://developer.android.com/intl/zh-cn/guide/topics/media/audio-capture.html
Android 多媒体框架包含了对录制和编码为多种音频格式的支持,因此你可以很简单地将音频集成到自己的应用中。如果设备支持的话,你可以使用 MediaRecorder APIs 来录制音频。
本文档向你展示如何编写一个应用,可以从设备的麦克风录制音频、保存并播放。
注意:Android 模拟器没有录制音频的能力,真机一般都会有这种功能。
执行音频录制(Performing Audio Capture)
音频录制相对音频和视频的播放来说稍微有一点复杂,但仍然相当简单:
- 创建一个 android.media.MediaRecorder 实例;
- 使用 MediaRecorder.setAudioSource() 设置音频来源,你有可能会使用
MediaRecorder.AudioSource.MIC
; - 使用 MediaRecorder.setOutputFormat() 设置输出文件类型;
- 使用 MediaRecorder.setOutputFile() 设置输出文件名;
- 使用 MediaRecorder.setAudioEncoder() 设置音频编码器;
- 在 MediaRecorder 实例上调用 MediaRecorder.prepare();
- 调用 MediaRecorder.start() 开始音频录制;
- 调用 MediaRecorder.stop() 停止录制;
- 当你使用完 MediaRecorder 实例,调用它的 MediaRecorder.release() 方法,该方法可以立即释放 MediaRecorder 所占有的资源。
示例:录制音频并播放录制的音频
下面的示例类演示了如何建立、开始和停止音频录制,最后播放录制的音频文件。
/*
* The application needs to have the permission to write to external storage
* if the output file is written to the external storage, and also the
* permission to record audio. These permissions must be set in the
* application's AndroidManifest.xml file, with something like:
*
* <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
* <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECORD_AUDIO" />
*
*/
package com.android.audiorecordtest;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.widget.LinearLayout;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.content.Context;
import android.util.Log;
import android.media.MediaRecorder;
import android.media.MediaPlayer;
import java.io.IOException;
public class AudioRecordTest extends Activity
{
private static final String LOG_TAG = "AudioRecordTest";
private static String mFileName = null;
private RecordButton mRecordButton = null;
private MediaRecorder mRecorder = null;
private PlayButton mPlayButton = null;
private MediaPlayer mPlayer = null;
private void onRecord(boolean start) {
if (start) {
startRecording();
} else {
stopRecording();
}
}
private void onPlay(boolean start) {
if (start) {
startPlaying();
} else {
stopPlaying();
}
}
private void startPlaying() {
mPlayer = new MediaPlayer();
try {
mPlayer.setDataSource(mFileName);
mPlayer.prepare();
mPlayer.start();
} catch (IOException e) {
Log.e(LOG_TAG, "prepare() failed");
}
}
private void stopPlaying() {
mPlayer.release();
mPlayer = null;
}
private void startRecording() {
mRecorder = new MediaRecorder();
mRecorder.setAudioSource(MediaRecorder.AudioSource.MIC);
mRecorder.setOutputFormat(MediaRecorder.OutputFormat.THREE_GPP);
mRecorder.setOutputFile(mFileName);
mRecorder.setAudioEncoder(MediaRecorder.AudioEncoder.AMR_NB);
try {
mRecorder.prepare();
} catch (IOException e) {
Log.e(LOG_TAG, "prepare() failed");
}
mRecorder.start();
}
private void stopRecording() {
mRecorder.stop();
mRecorder.release();
mRecorder = null;
}
class RecordButton extends Button {
boolean mStartRecording = true;
OnClickListener clicker = new OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(View v) {
onRecord(mStartRecording);
if (mStartRecording) {
setText("Stop recording");
} else {
setText("Start recording");
}
mStartRecording = !mStartRecording;
}
};
public RecordButton(Context ctx) {
super(ctx);
setText("Start recording");
setOnClickListener(clicker);
}
}
class PlayButton extends Button {
boolean mStartPlaying = true;
OnClickListener clicker = new OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(View v) {
onPlay(mStartPlaying);
if (mStartPlaying) {
setText("Stop playing");
} else {
setText("Start playing");
}
mStartPlaying = !mStartPlaying;
}
};
public PlayButton(Context ctx) {
super(ctx);
setText("Start playing");
setOnClickListener(clicker);
}
}
public AudioRecordTest() {
mFileName = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath();
mFileName += "/audiorecordtest.3gp";
}
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle icicle) {
super.onCreate(icicle);
LinearLayout ll = new LinearLayout(this);
mRecordButton = new RecordButton(this);
ll.addView(mRecordButton,
new LinearLayout.LayoutParams(
ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT,
ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT,
0));
mPlayButton = new PlayButton(this);
ll.addView(mPlayButton,
new LinearLayout.LayoutParams(
ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT,
ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT,
0));
setContentView(ll);
}
@Override
public void onPause() {
super.onPause();
if (mRecorder != null) {
mRecorder.release();
mRecorder = null;
}
if (mPlayer != null) {
mPlayer.release();
mPlayer = null;
}
}
}