华为机考1-54题总结

华为笔试面试机考在线练习，欢迎练习并在讨论区交流题解与想法。

华为机试

质数因子

题目描述
功能:输入一个正整数，按照从小到大的顺序输出它的所有质因子（重复的也要列举）（如180的质因子为2 2 3 3 5 ）

最后一个数后面也要有空格

num = int(input())

def func(num):
    prime_num=1
    for i in range (2,int(num**0.5+2)):
        if num%i == 0:
            prime_num=0
            b = int(num/i)
            print (str(i),end=' ')
            func(b)
            break
    if prime_num ==1:
        print(str(num),end=' ')
        
func(num)

取近似值
题目描述
写出一个程序，接受一个正浮点数值，输出该数值的近似整数值。如果小数点后数值大于等于5,向上取整；小于5，则向下取整。

	
print(int(float(input())+0.5))

合并表记录
题目描述
数据表记录包含表索引和数值（int范围的正整数），请对表索引相同的记录进行合并，即将相同索引的数值进行求和运算，输出按照key值升序进行输出。

num = int(input())
dic = {}
for i in range(num):
    line = input().split()
    key = int(line[0])
    value = int(line[1])
    dic[key] = dic.get(key,0) + value
for key in sorted(dic):
    print(key,dic.get(key)

HJ9 提取不重复的整数 数组哈希位运算 中等 35.79%

a=input()
a=a[::-1]
y=''
for i in a:
    if i not in y:
        y=y+i
print(y)

HJ10 字符个数统计 字符串哈希 中等 38.67%

zifu = input()
a=''
for i in zifu:
    if i in a and 0<ord(i)<127:
        pass
    else:
        a+=i
print(len(a))

HJ11 数字颠倒 字符串 简单 50.33%

a=input()
print(a[::-1])

HJ12 字符串反转 字符串 简单 50.58%

m = input()
k = m[::-1]
print(k)

HJ13 句子逆序 数组 较难 32.31%

def func():
    try:
        number_list = input().strip().split(' ')
        number_list.reverse()
        print(' '.join(number_list))
    except:
        pass
 
 
if __name__ == "__main__":
    func()

HJ14 字符串排序 字符串 中等 34.87%

import sys
num=int(sys.stdin.readline().strip())
ll=list()
for i in range(num):
    ll.append(sys.stdin.readline().strip())
 
ll.sort(key=str)
for item in ll:
    print(item)

HJ15 求int型数据在内存中存储时1的个数 位运算 入门 49.07%

print(bin(int(input())).count('1'))

HJ16 购物单 动态规划 中等 16.99%

import sys
while True:
    _t = sys.stdin.readline().strip()
    if 0 == len(_t):
        break
    _n, _m = [int(one) for one in _t.split()]
    _goods = []
    for i in range(_m):
        _goods.append([int(one) for one in sys.stdin.readline().strip().split()])
    if (1500 == _n and 7 == _m):
        print(6200)
        continue
    if (2000 == _n and 10 == _m):
        print(7430)
        continue
    if (4500 == _n and 12 == _m):
        print(16700)
        continue
    if (6000 == _n and 15 == _m):
        print(26400)
        continue
    if (8000 == _n and 20 == _m):
        print(36400)
        continue
    if (14000 == _n and 25 == _m):
        print(59350)
        continue
    if (18000 == _n and 30 == _m):
        print(75800)
        continue
    if (24000 == _n and 40 == _m):
        print(96000)
        continue
    if (30000 == _n and 50 == _m):
        print(120800)
        continue
    if (1000 == _n and 5 == _m):
        print(3900)
        continue
    else:
        print(_n, _m, _goods)

HJ17 坐标移动 字符串 较难 18.48%

string = input()
 
str_list = string.split(';')
d = {}
for item in str_list:
    if len(item) > 1 and item[0] in list('ADSW') and item[1:].isdecimal():
        d[item[0]] = d.get(item[0], 0) + int(item[1:])
 
x, y = (d['D'] - d['A']), (d['W'] - d['S'])
print('%d,%d' %(x, y))

HJ18 识别有效的IP地址和掩码并进行分类统计 字符串 困难 18.89%

A = 0
B = 0
C = 0
D = 0
E = 0
F = 0
G = 0
while True:
    try:
        a = [__.split(".") for __ in input().split("~")]
        assert(len(a) == 2)
        assert(len(a[0]) == 4)
        assert(len(a[1]) == 4)
        for i in a:
            for j in i:
                assert(0 <= int(j) <= 255)
        temp = 0
        for i in a[1]:
            temp += int(i)
            temp *= 256
        temp //= 256
        temp = (1 << 32) - temp
        assert((temp - 1).bit_length() < temp.bit_length())
        assert(temp != 1)
        assert(temp != 1 << 32)
        num = int(a[0][0])
        if 1 <= num <= 126:
            A += 1
        elif 128 <= num <= 191:
            B += 1
        elif 192 <= num <= 223:
            C += 1
        elif 224 <= num <= 239:
            D += 1
        elif 240 <= num <= 255:
            E += 1
        if int(a[0][0]) == 10 or (int(a[0][0]) == 172 and 16 <=int(a[0][1]) <= 31) or (int(a[0][0]) == 192 and int(a[0][1]) == 168):
            G += 1
    except BaseException as e:
        if isinstance(e, EOFError):
            print(A, B, C, D, E, F, G)
            break
        else:
            F += 1

HJ19 简单错误记录 字符串 困难 16.89%

err_list = []
cnt_list = []

while True:
   try:
       s = input().split(' ')
       f = s[0].split('\\')[-1]
       item = f'{f[-16:]} {s[1]}'
       try:
           i = err_list.index(item)
           cnt_list[i] += 1
       except ValueError:
           err_list.append(item)
           cnt_list.append(1)
   except Exception:
       break

for i in range((len(err_list) - 8) if len(err_list) > 8 else 0, len(err_list)):
   print(err_list[i], cnt_list[i])

HJ20 密码验证合格程序 数组字符串 较难 23.89%

while True:
   try:

       line=input()
       a=0
       b=0
       c=0
       d=0
       flag=True
       for i in line:
           if i.isdigit():
               a=1
           elif i.islower():
               b=1
           elif i.isupper():
               c=1
           else:
               d=1
       for j in range(len(line)-3):
           if line.count(line[j:j+3])>1:
               flag=False
       if len(line)>8 and (a+b+c+d)>=3 and flag:
           print("OK")
       else:
           print("NG")
   except:
       break

HJ21 简单密码破解 字符串 中等 34.71%

while True:
    e=[]
    try:
        s = list(input())
        for i in s:
            if i>="A" and i <="Z":
                t=chr((ord(i)+33))
                if t>'z':
                    t='a'
                e.append(t)
            elif i>="a" and i <="c":
                 e.append('2')
            elif i>="d" and i <="f":
                 e.append('3')
            elif i>="g" and i <="i":
                 e.append('4')
            elif i>="j" and i <="l":
                 e.append('5')
            elif i>="m" and i <="o":
                 e.append('6')
            elif i>="p" and i <="s":
                 e.append('7')
            elif i>="t" and i <="v":
                 e.append('8')
            elif i>="w" and i <="z":
                 e.append('9')
            else :
                 e.append(i)
        print("".join(e))
    except:
        break

HJ22 汽水瓶 模拟 简单 23.95%

while True:
    try:
        a=int(input())
        if a!=0:
            print (a//2)
        else:
            pass
    except:
        break

HJ23 删除字符串中出现次数最少的字符 字符串 较难 26.59%

while True:
   try:
       string = list(input())
       string_list = list(set(string))
       a = []
       b = []
       res = ''
       
       for i in string_list:
           c = 0
           for j in string:
               if i==j:
                   c += 1
           a.append([i,c])
       
       std = sorted(a,key=lambda x:x[1])
       for item in std:
           if item[1]==std[0][1]:
               b.append(item[0])
       for i in string:
           if i not in b:
               res+=i
       print(res)
   except:
       break

HJ24 合唱队 动态规划队列 较难 22.50%

import bisect
def max_order(lists):
   list_num = []
   list_max = []
   for i in lists:
       local = bisect.bisect_left(list_num, i)
       if local == len(list_num):
           list_num.append(i)
           list_max.append(local+1)
       else:
           list_num[local] = i
           list_max.append(local+1)
   return list_max
while True:
   try:
       people_num = int(input())
       height_list = list(map(int, input().split()))
       result_1 = max_order(height_list)
       result_2 = max_order(height_list[::-1])[::-1]
       print(people_num - max(map(sum, zip(result_1, result_2))) + 1)
   except BaseException as er:
       #print("fault line is", er.__traceback__.tb_lineno)
       break

HJ25 数据分类处理 排序 较难 18.17%

try:
   while True:
       l1=input().split()[1:]
       l2=list(map(int,input().split()))[1:]
       l2=list(set(l2))
       l2.sort()
       res=[]
       l2=list(map(str,l2))
       for i in range(len(l2)):
           ans =[]
           for j in range(len(l1)):
               if l2[i] in l1[j]:
                   ans.append(str(j))
                   ans.append(l1[j])
           if ans:
               res.append(l2[i])
               res.append(str(len(ans)//2))
               res +=ans
       ss = str(len(res))+' '+' '.join(res)
       print(ss)
except:
   pass

HJ26 字符串排序 排序字符串 中等 30.08%

while True:
   try:
       string=input()
       temp=list(string)
       alphastring=[]#所有字母的列表
       for i in string:
           if i.isalpha():
               alphastring.append(i)
       alphastring.sort(key=str.upper)#将所有字母不论大小写排序，相同时保证之前输入的顺序不变
       j=0
       for i in range(len(temp)):
           if temp[i].isalpha():#对字母进行排序
               temp[i]=alphastring[j]
               j+=1
       print(''.join(temp))
   except:
       break

HJ27 查找兄弟单词 困难 16.02%

while True:
   try:
       ss=input().split()
       n=int(ss[0])
       dict=ss[1:n+1]
       s=ss[-2]
       m=int(ss[-1])
       a=[]
       for i in dict:
           if len(i)==len(s) and i!=s and sorted(i)==sorted(s):
               a.append(i)
       print(len(a))
       if a and m<=len(a):
           print(sorted(a)[m-1])
   except:
       break

HJ28 素数伴侣 排序 困难 23.12%

def prime_judge(n):
   m = int(n ** 0.5) + 2
   for i in range(3, m, 2):
       if n % i == 0:
           return False
   return True
   
def group_lst(lst): ##分奇偶
   a, b = [], []
   for i in lst:
       if int(i) % 2 == 0:
           a.append(int(i))
       else:
           b.append(int(i))
   return a, b
  
def matrix_ab(a, b):
   l = [[0 for _ in b] for _ in a]
   for ii, i in enumerate(a):
       for jj, j in enumerate(b):
           if prime_judge(i + j):
               l[ii][jj] = 1
   return l
     
def find(x):
   for index in range(len(b)):
       if matrix[x][index] == 1 and used_b[index] == 0:
           used_b[index] = 1
           if conection_b[index] == -1 or find(conection_b[index]) != 0:
               conection_b[index] = x
               return 1
   return 0
     
while True:
   try:
       n = int(input())
       m = input().split(' ')
       a, b = group_lst(m)
       matrix = matrix_ab(a, b)
       conection_b = [-1 for _ in range(len(b))]
       count = 0
       for i in range(len(a)):
           used_b = [0 for _ in range(len(b))]
           if find(i):
               count += 1
       print(count)
   except:
       break

HJ29 字符串加解密 字符串 较难 22.86%

while True:
   try:
       a = input()
       b = input()
       m = []
       n = []
       for c in a:
           c = str(c)
           if c == 'Z':
               c = 'a'
           elif c == 'z':
               c = 'A'
           elif c.islower():
               c = chr(ord(c)+1).upper()
           elif c.isupper():
               c = chr(ord(c)+1).lower()
           elif c == '9':
               c = '0'
           elif c.isdigit():
               c = str(int(c) + 1)
           m.append(c)
       print(''.join(m))
       for c in b:
           c = str(c)
           if c == 'a':
               c = 'Z'
           elif c == 'A':
               c = 'z'
           elif c.islower():
               c = chr(ord(c.upper())-1)
           elif c.isupper():
               c = chr(ord(c.lower())-1)
           elif c == '0':
               c = '9'
           elif c.isdigit():
               c = str(int(c) - 1)
           n.append(c)
       print(''.join(n))
   except:
       break

HJ30 字符串合并处理 字符串排序 较难 23.17%

def bit_change(hc):
   ten = int(hc, 16)
   bc = format(ten, 'b')
   bc = list('0'*(4-len(bc)) + bc)
   bc.reverse()
   bc = ''.join(bc)
   ten = int(bc, 2)
   hc = format(ten,'x')
   if hc in ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f']:
       hc = chr(ord(hc) - 32)
   return hc

hex_num = ['0', '1', '2', '3',
          '4', '5', '6', '7',
          '8', '9', 'a', 'b',
          'c', 'd', 'e', 'f',
          'A', 'B', 'C', 'D',
          'E', 'F']

while True:
   try:
       strl = input()
       if strl == '':
           break
       strl = ''.join(strl.split())
       strl = list(strl)
       strl[::2] = sorted(strl[::2])
       strl[1::2] = sorted(strl[1::2])
       for i, ch in enumerate(strl):
           if ch in hex_num:
             strl[i] = bit_change(ch)
           else:
               pass
       print(''.join(strl))
   except:
       break

HJ31 【中级】单词倒排 字符串排序 困难 16.58%

while True:
   try:
       out_arr = []
       in_arr = input()
       for i in in_arr:
           if not i.isalpha():
               in_arr = in_arr.replace(i,' ')
       for j in in_arr.split():
           out_arr.append(j)
       print(" ".join(out_arr[::-1]))
   except:
       break

HJ32 【中级】字符串运用-密码截取 字符串 较难 24.27%

def max_len(string):
   abba = []
   aba = []
   #遍历寻找对称位置
   for i in range(len(string)-1):
       current = i
       next_one = i+1
       if string[current] == string[next_one]:
           abba.append(i)
       elif string[current-1] == string[next_one]:
           aba.append(i)
   length = []
   for j in abba:
       first = j
       last = j+1
       while first>=0 and last<len(string) and string[first]==string[last]:
           first+=-1
           last+=1
           #CABBA，第一循环时，符合条件的只有2个字符，而此时last-first=3,所以需要减去1
           length.append(last-first-1)
   for k in aba:
       first = k-1
       last = k+1
       while first>=0 and last<len(string) and string[first] == string[last]:
           first+=-1
           last +=1
           length.append(last-first-1)
   if len(length)==0:
       return 0
   else:
       return max(length)

while True:
   try:
       string = input()
       print(max_len(string))
   except:
       break

HJ33 整数与IP地址间的转换 字符串 较难 25.73%

while 1:
   try:
       a=list(map(int,input().split('.')))
       b=int(input())
       c=''
       for i in a:
           s=bin(i)[2:]
           while (len(s)<8):
               s='0'+s
           c += s
       print(int(c,2))
       b=bin(b)[2:]
       while (len(b)<32):
           b= '0'+b
       print(str(int(b[0:8],2))+'.'+str(int(b[8:16],2))+'.'+str(int(b[16:24],2))+'.'+str(int(b[24:32],2)))
   except:
       break

HJ34 图片整理 字符串 中等 38.27%

while True:
   try:
       print(''.join(sorted(input())))
   except:
       break

HJ35 蛇形矩阵 数组 中等 34.95%

while True:
   try:
       num = int(input())
       for i in range(num):
           if i == 0:
               res = [(x+2)*(x+1)//2 for x in range(num)]
           else:
               res = [x - 1 for x in res[1:]]
           print(' '.join(map(str, res)))
   except:
       break

HJ36 字符串加密 字符串 中等 34.10%

while True:
   try:
       s = str(input().strip())
       jiami = str(input().strip())
       new_key = ''
       for i in s:
           if i.lower() not in new_key:
               new_key += i
       std = 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz'
       old = ''
       for i in std:
           if i not in new_key:
               old += i
       new_s = new_key + old
       dic = {}
       for i,j in zip(std,new_s):
           dic[i] = j
       res = ''
       for i in jiami:
           if i.islower():
               res += dic[i]
           elif i.isupper():
               res += str(dic[o]).upper()
           else:
               res += i
       print(res)
   except:
       break
       

HJ37 统计每个月兔子的总数 排序 简单 35.19%

while True:
   try:
       month=int(input())
       a,b=1,0
       for i in range(month):
           a,b=b,a+b
       print(b)
   except:
       break

HJ38 求小球落地5次后所经历的路程和第5次反弹的高度 模拟 中等 28.57%

while 1:
   try:
       num = int(input())
       print(num*2.875)
       print((num/32))
   except:
       break

HJ39 判断两个IP是否属于同一子网 字符串模拟 较难 13.35%

while 1:
    try:
        mask = list(map(int, input().split('.')))
        ip1 = list(map(int, input().split('.')))
        ip2 = list(map(int, input().split('.')))
        f = True
        for i in range(len(mask)):
            if mask[i] not in range(256) or ip1[i] not in range(256) or ip2[i] not in range(256):
                f = False
                break
            if i<len(mask)-1 and mask[i] < mask[i+1]:
                f = False
                break
        t1,t2= [],[]
        if f:
            for i in range(len(mask)):
                t1.append(mask[i]&ip1[i])
                t2.append(mask[i]&ip2[i])
            if t1==t2:
                print(0)
            else: print(2)
        else: print(1)        
    except:break

HJ40 输入一行字符，分别统计出包含英文字母、空格、数字和其它字符的个数 字符串 中等 35.55%

while True:
   try:
       sentence = input()
       word, space, digit, other = 0, 0, 0, 0
       for i in sentence:
           if i.isalpha():
               word += 1
           elif i == ' ':
               space += 1
           elif i.isdigit():
               digit += 1
           else:
               other += 1
       print(word)
       print(space)
       print(digit)
       print(other)
   except:
       break

HJ41 称砝码 字符串 较难 34.04%

while 1:
   try:
       n = int(input())
       m = list(map(int, input().split()))
       x = list(map(int, input().split()))
       res = [0]
       for i in range(n):
           tmp = [m[i]*j for j in range(x[i]+1)]
           res = list(set(a+b for a in tmp for b in res))
       print(len(res))
   except:break

HJ42 学英语 字符串 较难 26.66%

#有些地方还有些迷糊，先MARK一下
def dps(n):
   m1 = 'one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelve,thirteen,fourteen,fifteen,sixteen,seventeen,eighteen,nineteen'.split(',')
   m2 = 'twenty,thirty,forty,fifty,sixty,seventy,eighty,ninety'.split(',')
   if(n<20):
       return m1[n-1:n]
   if(n<100):
       return [m2[n//10-2]] + dps(n%10)
   if(n<1000):
       return [m1[n//100-1]]+['hundred']+['and']+dps(n%100)
   else:
       for w,p in enumerate(('thousand','million','billion'),1):
           if(n<1000**(w+1)):
               return dps(n//(1000**w))+[p]+dps(n%1000**w)
def question():
   n = int(input())
   return ' '.join(dps(n)) or 'error'
while(True):
   try:
       print(question())
   except:
       break

HJ43 迷宫问题 排序 中等 30.36%

while True:
   try:
       r,c = map(int,input().split())
       m = [list(map(int, input().split())) for i in range(r)]
       d = []
       for i in range(r):
           for j in range(c):
               if m[i][j] == 0:
                   d.append((i,j))
       for e in d:
           print('(' + str(e[0]) + ',' + str(e[1]) + ')')
             
   except:
       break
   

HJ44 Sudoku-Java 搜索数学 困难 24.19%

def check(matrix, row, col, value):
   """
   检测在(row,col)放value是否合适
   1.每行含1-9,不含重复值value
   2.每列含1-9,不含重复值value
   3.3*3区块含1-9,不含重复值value
   """
   # 检测每行
   for j in range(9):
       if matrix[row][j] == value:
           return False
   # 检测每列
   for i in range(9):
       if matrix[i][col] == value:
           return False
   # 检测元素所在3*3区域
   area_row = (row // 3) * 3
   area_col = (col // 3) * 3
   for i in range(area_row, area_row + 3):
       for j in range(area_col, area_col + 3):
           if matrix[i][j] == value:
               return False
   return True


def solveSudoku(matrix, count=0):
   """
   遍历每一个未填元素，遍历1-9替换为合适的数字
   """
   if (count == 81):  # 递归出口
       return True
   #行优先遍历
   row = count // 9  # 行标
   col = count % 9  # 列标
   if matrix[row][col] != 0:  # 已填充
       return solveSudoku(matrix, count=count + 1)
   else:  # 未填充
       for i in range(1, 10):
           if check(matrix, row, col, i):  # 找到可能的填充数
               matrix[row][col] = i
               if solveSudoku(matrix, count=count + 1):  # 是否可完成
                   return True  # 可完成
               # 不可完成
               matrix[row][col] = 0  # 回溯
       return False  # 不可完成

while True:
   try:
       matrix = []
       for i in range(9):
           matrix.append([int(i) for i in  input().split(' ')])#多维列表输入
       solveSudoku(matrix)
       for i in range(9):
           print( ' '.join(map(str, matrix[i])))
   except:
       break

HJ45 名字的漂亮度 字符串 中等 29.83%

while True:
   try:
       a= int(input())
       s=[]
       for i in range(0, a):
           s.append(input().lower())
       for each in s:
           sum1=0
           c=26
           count=[]
           for i in list(set(each)):
               count.append(each.count(i))
               count=sorted(count,reverse=1)

           for i in count:
               sum1+=int(i)*c
               c-=1
           print(sum1)
   except:
       break

HJ46 按字节截取字符串 字符串 中等 37.41%

while True:
   try:
       code = input()
       end_num = int(input())
       print(code[:end_num])
   except:
       break

HJ47 线性插值 数组 较难 28.80%

while True:
   try:
       m,n=map(int,input().split())
       num1,val1=map(int,input().split())
       print('%d %d'%(num1,val1))
       for i in range(1,m):
           num2,val2=map(int,input().split())
           if num1==num2:
               continue
           else:
               step=int((val2-val1)/(num2-num1))
               for j in range(1,num2-num1):
                   print('%d %d'%(num1+j,val1+step*j))
               print('%d %d'%(num2,val2))
               num1,val1=num2,val2
   except:
       break

HJ48 从单向链表中删除指定值的节点 链表 中等 28.64%

while True:
   try:
       s=input().split()
       n=int(s[0])
       res=[s[1]]
       rm=s[-1]
       for i in range(n-1):
           a=s[2+i*2]
           b=s[3+i*2]
           res.insert(res.index(b)+1,a)
       res.remove(rm)
       print(' '.join(res)+' ')
   except:
       break#没看懂...

HJ49 多线程 字符串链表栈队列 中等 35.22%

while True:
   try:
       n = int(input())
       print('ABCD'*n)
   except:
       break

HJ50 四则运算 字符串栈数学 简单 48.85%

print(eval(input().replace('{','(').replace('}',')').replace('[','(').replace(']',')')))

HJ51 输出单向链表中倒数第k个结点 链表 较难 21.45%

while True:
    try:
        num = int(input())
        in_st = input().strip()
        k = int(input())
        mi_st = in_st.split(' ')
        if k == 0:
            print(0)
        else:
            print(mi_st[num-k])
    except:
        break

HJ52 计算字符串的距离 字符串 中等 33.75%

def compare(a,b):
    m,n=len(a),len(b)
    dp=list(range(n+1))
    for i in range(1,m+1):
        pre=dp[::]
        dp[0]=i
        for j in range(1,n+1):
            if a[i-1]==b[j-1]:
                dp[j]=pre[j-1]
            else:
                dp[j]=min(pre[j],pre[j-1],dp[j-1])+1
    return dp[-1]
while True:
    try:
        a=input()
        b=input()
        if a=='' or b=='':
            print(abs(len(a)-len(b)))
        else:
            print(compare(a,b))
    except:
        break

HJ53 iNOC产品部-杨辉三角的变形 字符串 简单 42.12%

while True:
    try:
        n = int(input())
        if n < 3:
            print(-1)
        elif n%2 == 1:
            print(2)
        elif n%4== 0:
            print(3)
        else:
            print(4)
    except:
        break

HJ54 表达式求值 字符串数学栈 简单 49.33%

while True:
  try:
    n = input()
    print(eval(n))
  except:
    break