springCloud搭建分布式微服务学习--10--Sentinel服务熔断(整合ribbon,openFeign,fallback)

说明

本文主要是为了通过整合sentinel和ribbon,openFeign,nacos等,通过一个小demo来串联知识

业务需求:创建两个服务提供者nacos9001,nacos9002,一个消费者nacosOrder,在nacosOrder中配置sentinel指定fallback和blockHandler达到降级效果,并通过远程调用ribbon或者openFeign调用服务提供者的接口

环境配置

如图:

服务提供者:9001和9002

• controller

@RestController
public class PaymentController {
    @Value("${server.port}")
    private String serverPort;
    public static HashMap<Long, Payment>map=new HashMap<>();
    static{
        map.put(1L,new Payment(1L,"qweoiwetewrt"));
        map.put(2L,new Payment(2L,"lllllasdzxc"));
        map.put(3L,new Payment(3L,"pppppqwe,asdf"));

    }
    @GetMapping("/payment/nacos/{id}")
    public CommonResult<Payment> getPayment(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
        Payment payment=(Payment) map.get(Long.valueOf(id));
        return new CommonResult<Payment>(200,"from mysql serverport:"+serverPort,payment);
    }
}

• yml

server:
  port: 9001

spring:
  application:
    name: nacos-payment-provider
  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        server-addr: localhost:8848 #配置Nacos地址

management:
  endpoints:
    web:
      exposure:
        include: '*'  #监控

服务消费者9003

• pom.xml

<dependencies>
        <!--springcloud alibaba nacos-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--springcloud alibaba sentinel-datasource-nacos 后续做持久化用到-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.csp</groupId>
            <artifactId>sentinel-datasource-nacos</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--springcloud alibaba sentinel-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-sentinel</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.example</groupId>
            <artifactId>common</artifactId>
            <version>${project.version}</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

• 配置类

@Configuration
public class ApplicationContextConfig {
    @Bean
    @LoadBalanced //RestTemplate结合Ribbon做负载均衡一定要加@LoadBalanced
    public RestTemplate getRestTemplate(){
        return new RestTemplate();
    }
}

• controller

@RestController
public class OrderNacosController {
    /*
    因为在yml中配置了service-url.nacos-user-service，
    这里不需要再定义要访问微服务名常量，而是通过boot直接读出来
     */
    @Value("${service-url.nacos-user-service}")
    private String serverURL;

    @Resource
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

    @GetMapping("/consumer/payment/nacos/{id}")
    @SentinelResource(value = "fallback")
    public CommonResult<Payment> paymentInfo(@PathVariable("id") Long id){
        return restTemplate.getForObject(serverURL+"/payment/nacos/"+id, CommonResult.class);
    }
}

Rinbbon版本

 方案一:只配置fallback

    @GetMapping("/consumer/payment/nacos/{id}")
    @SentinelResource(value = "fallback",fallback = "handlerFallback")
    public CommonResult<Payment> paymentInfo(@PathVariable("id") Long id){
        CommonResult<Payment> result=restTemplate.getForObject(serverURL+"/payment/nacos/"+id, CommonResult.class);
        if(id==4){
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("illegalArgumentException||非法参数---");
        }
        else if(result.getData()==null){
            throw new NullPointerException("该ID没有应对记录,空指针异常--");
        }
        return result;
    }
    public CommonResult<Payment>handlerFallback(@PathVariable("id") Long id,Throwable e){
             Payment payment=new Payment(id,"null");
             return new CommonResult<>(444,"兜底异常内容:"+e.getMessage(),payment);
    }

方案二:同时配置blockHandler和fallback(上一篇文章中有提到)

 @GetMapping("/consumer/payment/nacos/{id}")
    @SentinelResource(value = "fallback",fallback = "handlerFallback",blockHandler = "blockHandler")
    public CommonResult<Payment> paymentInfo(@PathVariable("id") Long id){
        CommonResult<Payment> result=restTemplate.getForObject(serverURL+"/payment/nacos/"+id, CommonResult.class);
        if(id==4){
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("illegalArgumentException||非法参数---");
        }
        else if(result.getData()==null){
            throw new NullPointerException("该ID没有应对记录,空指针异常--");
        }
        return result;
    }

    public CommonResult<Payment>handlerFallback(@PathVariable("id") Long id,Throwable e){
             Payment payment=new Payment(id,"null");
             return new CommonResult<>(444,"兜底异常内容:"+e.getMessage(),payment);
    }

    public CommonResult<Payment>blockHandler(@PathVariable("id") Long id, BlockException exception){
        Payment payment=new Payment(id,"null");
        return new CommonResult<>(500,"sentinel限流,block:"+exception,payment);
    }

• 配置sentinel:
  

-测试
当进行两次异常后,就进行了降级处理

OpenFeign版本

• pom.xml

   <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
        </dependency>

• 启动类注解

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@EnableFeignClients
public class OrderNacosMain8005 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(OrderNacosMain8005.class,args);
    }
}

• 配置service接口,指定fallback

@FeignClient(value = "nacos-payment-provider",fallback = orderServiceImpl.class)
//注册中心的服务名称
public interface orderService {
    //服务提供者的接口名字,原原本本搬过来
    @GetMapping("/payment/nacos/{id}")
    public CommonResult<Payment> getPayment(@PathVariable("id") long id);
}
@Service
public class orderServiceImpl implements orderService{
    @Override
    public CommonResult<Payment> getPayment(long id) {
        return new CommonResult<>(444,"服务降级返回,--",new Payment(0,"errorSerial"));
    }
}

• controller

@RestController
public class orderController {
    @Resource
    orderService service;
    @GetMapping("/consumer1/payment/nacos/{id}")
    @SentinelResource(value = "fallback1")
    public CommonResult<Payment> paymentInfo(@PathVariable("id") Long id){
       return service.getPayment(id);
    }
}