CentOS7.4下安装Python虚拟环境

准备环境

• CentOS-7.4

安装虚拟环境

安装并更新pip

[root@localhost ~]# yum install python-pip
[root@localhost ~]# pip install --upgrade pip

安装虚拟环境和管理工具

[root@localhost ~]# pip install virtualenv
[root@localhost ~]# pip install virtualenvwrapper

配置虚拟环境

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir .virtualenvs
root@localhost ~]# vim .bashrc
#追加
export WORKON_HOME=$HOME/.virtualenvs

[root@localhost ~]# source /usr/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh
[root@localhost ~]# source .bashrc

安装Python3.6.5

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /operation && cd /operation
[root@localhost operation]# wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.6.5/Python-3.6.5.tgz
[root@localhost operation]# yum install -y openssl-devel bzip2-devel expat-devel gdbm-devel readline-devel sqlite-devel gcc gcc-c++
[root@localhost operation]# tar -zxvf Python-3.6.5.tgz
[root@localhost operation]# cd Python-3.6.5
[root@localhost Python-3.6.5]# mkdir -p /operation/python-3.6.5
[root@localhost Python-3.6.5]# ./configure --prefix=/operation/python-3.6.5
[root@localhost Python-3.6.5]# make && make install
[root@localhost Python-3.6.5]# cd ..
[root@localhost operation]# rm -rf Python-3.6.5
[root@localhost operation]# /operation/python-3.6.5/bin/python3
>>> exit()

创建测试文件

[root@localhost operation]# mkdir aliyun && cd aliyun && echo 'ceshi' > test.py
[root@localhost aliyun]# python test.py

配置定时任务crontab

[root@localhost operation]#  vim /etc/crontab 
# 追加，每分钟执行1次
* * * * * root source /root/.virtualenvs/test/bin/activate;cd /operation/aliyun;python test.py >> /operation/aliyun/test.log 2>&1 &

[root@localhost operation]# systemctl restart crond
[root@localhost operation]# tail -10f /var/log/cron 

常用虚拟环境操作命令

• 创建虚拟环境：mkvirtualenv test
• 列出所以虚拟环境：lsvirtualenv -b
• 启动或切换虚拟环境：workon test
• 退出虚拟环境：deactivate
• 删除虚拟环境：rmvirtualenv test
• 导出安装依赖包：pip freeze > requirements.txt
• 导出安装依赖包：pip install -r requirements.txt