简单工厂模式(Simple Factory)

介绍：简单工厂模式主要由3部分组成:工厂类、抽象类和实现抽象类的具体类

 

优点:客户端不再负责对象的创建，把这个责任丢给了具体的工厂类，客户端只负责对对象的调用，从而明确了各个类的职责.

 

缺点：使用了静态方法来创建对象，导致静态方法无法被继承.

 

例子:

Java代码

package com.samplefactory; public interface Animal { /**动物都会吃的*/ public void eat(); }

 

 

Java代码

package com.samplefactory; public class Tiger implements Animal{ public void eat() { System.out.println("老虎会吃."); } public void run(){ System.out.println("老虎会跑."); } }

Java代码

package com.samplefactory; public class Dolphin implements Animal { public void eat() { System.out.println("海豚会吃."); } public void swim(){ System.out.println("海豚会游泳."); } }

 

Java代码

  package com.samplefactory; /** * * @Title: SampleFactory.java * @Description: TODO(动物的简单工厂) */ public class SampleFactory { public static Animal createAnimal(String name) { if ("Tiger".equals(name)) { return new Tiger(); } else if ("Dolphin".equals(name)) { return new Dolphin(); }else{ return null; } } }

 

 

Java代码

  package com.samplefactory; /** * * @Title: Client.java * @Description: TODO(客户类) * @author awfhome@163.com * @date 2010-6-2 * @version V1.0 */ public class Client { public static void main(String[] args) throws ClassNotFoundException, InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException{ Animal animal = SampleFactory.createAnimal("Tiger"); animal.eat(); animal = SampleFactory.createAnimal("Dolphin"); animal.eat(); //利用反射 animal = SampleFactory2.createAnimal("com.samplefactory.Tiger"); animal.eat(); } }  

 

改进工厂类:

 

Java代码

  package com.samplefactory; /** * * @Title: SampleFactory2.java * @Description: TODO(利用反射来创建类) * @author awfhome@163.com * @date 2010-6-2 * @version V1.0 */ public class SampleFactory2 { public static Animal createAnimal(String name) throws ClassNotFoundException, InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException{ Class c = Class.forName(name); Animal animal = (Animal)c.newInstance(); return animal; } }

UML: