valgrind之callgrind工具进行多线程性能分析

1.使用callgrind工具生成性能分析数据

命令格式如下：

valgrind --tool=callgrind ./vs

其中 ./vs就是我们要分析的程序。执行完毕后，就会在当前目录下生成一个文件。文件名为“callgrind.out.进程号”。如，callgrind.out.31113。注意，对于daemon进程的调试，不要通过kill -9方式停止。
如果你调试的程序是多线程，你也可以在命令行中加一个参数 -separate-threads=yes。这样就会为每个线程单独生成一个性能分析文件。如下：
valgrind --tool=callgrind --separate-threads=yes ./vs
生成的文件除了callgrind.out.31113外，还会多出一些子线程的文件。文件名如下：
callgrind.out.31113-01    callgrind.out.31113-02    callgrind.out.31113-03
2.把callgrind生成的性能数据转换成dot格式数据
可以使用gprof2dot.py脚本，把callgrind生成的性能分析数据转换成dot格式的数据。方便使用dot把分析数据图形化。
脚本使用方式如下：
python gprof2dot.py -f callgrind -n10 -s callgrind.out.31113 > valgrind.dot
3.使用dot把数据生成图片
 
 

  
  
从源代码安装Graphviz

  
  
[root@jfht setup]# wget "http://www.graphviz.org/pub/graphviz/stable/SOURCES/graphviz-2.26.3.tar.gz" 
--2010-12-12 09:10:26--  http://www.graphviz.org/pub/graphviz/stable/SOURCES/graphviz-2.26.3.tar.gz
正在解析主机 www.graphviz.org... 192.20.225.20
Connecting to www.graphviz.org|192.20.225.20|:80... 已连接。
已发出 HTTP 请求，正在等待回应... 200 OK
长度：17092429 (16M) [application/x-gzip]
Saving to: `graphviz-2.26.3.tar.gz'

100%[==========================================================================================>] 17,092,429   174K/s   in 1m 44s  

2010-12-12 09:12:10 (161 KB/s) - `graphviz-2.26.3.tar.gz' saved [17092429/17092429]

[root@jfht setup]# tar zxf graphviz-2.26.3.tar.gz 
[root@jfht setup]# cd graphviz-2.26.3 
[root@jfht graphviz-2.26.3]# ls 
aclocal.m4       builddate.h      config.h.in    configure.old  dot.demo     graphviz.sln        INSTALL      makearch      plugin
ast_common.h     ChangeLog        config.h.old   contrib        Doxyfile     graphviz.spec       INSTALL.old  Makeargs      README
ast_common.h.in  cmd              config.iffe    COPYING        Doxyfile.in  graphviz.spec.in    lib          Makefile.am   rtest
AUTHORS          compat_getopt.h  Config.mk.old  cpl1.0.txt     features     graphviz.vcproj     libltdl      Makefile.in   share
autogen.sh       compat.h         configure      debian         graphs       graphviz_version.h  m4           Makefile.old  tclpkg
awk              config           configure.ac   doc            graphviz.7   iffe                macosx       NEWS          windows
[root@jfht graphviz-2.26.3]# ./configure --prefix=/usr 
checking build system type... i686-pc-linux-gnu
checking host system type... i686-pc-linux-gnu
checking for a BSD-compatible install... /usr/bin/install -c
checking whether build environment is sane... yes
checking for a thread-safe mkdir -p... /bin/mkdir -p
checking for gawk... gawk
checking whether make sets $(MAKE)... yes
checking for style of include used by make... GNU
checking for gcc... gcc
checking for C compiler default output file name... a.out
checking whether the C compiler works... yes
  
  
省略输出
  
  

----------------------------------------------------------------

graphviz-2.26.3 will be compiled with the following:

options:
  cgraph:        No (disabled by default - experimental)
  digcola:       Yes
  expat:         No (missing library)
  fontconfig:    No (missing fontconfig-config)
  freetype:      No (missing freetype-config) 
  glut:          No (missing GL/glut.h)
  gts:           No (gts library not available)
  ipsepcola:     No (disabled by default - C++ portability issues)
  ltdl:          Yes
  ortho:         No (disabled by default - experimental)
  png:           No (missing png.h)
  jpeg:          No (missing header)
  sfdp:          Yes
  shared:        Yes
  static:        No (disabled by default)

commands:
  dot:           Yes (always enabled)
  neato:         Yes (always enabled)
  fdp:           Yes (always enabled)
  circo:         Yes (always enabled)
  twopi:         Yes (always enabled)
  gvpr:          Yes (always enabled)
  lefty:         No (missing Xaw headers)
  smyrna:        No (disabled by default - experimental)

plugin libraries:
  dot_layout:    Yes (always enabled)
  neato_layout:  Yes (always enabled)
  core:          Yes (always enabled)
  devil:         No (missing library)
  gd:            Yes (internal)
  gdiplus:       No (disabled by default - Windows only)
  gdk_pixbuf:    No (gdk_pixbuf library not available)
  ghostscript:   No (missing headers)
  glitz:         No (disabled by default - incomplete)
  gtk:           No (gtk library not available)
  lasi:          No (lasi library not available)
  ming:          No (disabled by default - incomplete)
  pangocairo:    No (pangocairo library not available)
  quartz:        No (disabled by default - Mac only)
  rsvg:          No (rsvg library not available)
  visio:         No (disabled by default - experimental)
  xlib:          No (disabled or unavailable)

language extensions:
  gv_sharp:      No (swig not available)
  gv_guile:      No (swig not available)
  gv_io:         No (disabled by default - no swig support yet)
  gv_java:       No (swig not available)
  gv_lua:        No (swig not available)
  gv_ocaml:      No (swig not available)
  gv_perl:       No (swig not available)
  gv_php:        No (swig not available)
  gv_python:     No (swig not available)
  gv_python23:   No (disabled by default - for multiversion installs)
  gv_python24:   No (disabled by default - for multiversion installs)
  gv_python25:   No (disabled by default - for multiversion installs)
  gv_python26:   No (disabled by default - for multiversion installs)
  gv_R:          No (swig not available)
  gv_ruby:       No (swig not available)
  gv_tcl:        No (tcl not available)

  tcldot:        No (tcl not available)
  tclpathplan:   No (tcl not available)
  gdtclft:       No (tcl not available)
  tkspline:      No (tk not available)
[root@jfht graphviz-2.26.3]# 


[root@jfht graphviz-2.26.3]# make && make install 

test -z "/usr/share/graphviz/doc/html" || /bin/mkdir -p "/usr/share/graphviz/doc/html"
test -z "/usr/share/man/man7" || /bin/mkdir -p "/usr/share/man/man7"
 /usr/bin/install -c -m 644 'graphviz.7' '/usr/share/man/man7/graphviz.7'
test -z "/usr/include/graphviz" || /bin/mkdir -p "/usr/include/graphviz"
 /usr/bin/install -c -m 644 'graphviz_version.h' '/usr/include/graphviz/graphviz_version.h'
test -z "/usr/share/graphviz/doc" || /bin/mkdir -p "/usr/share/graphviz/doc"
 /usr/bin/install -c -m 644 'AUTHORS' '/usr/share/graphviz/doc/AUTHORS'
 /usr/bin/install -c -m 644 'COPYING' '/usr/share/graphviz/doc/COPYING'
 /usr/bin/install -c -m 644 'ChangeLog' '/usr/share/graphviz/doc/ChangeLog'
 /usr/bin/install -c -m 644 'NEWS' '/usr/share/graphviz/doc/NEWS'
 /usr/bin/install -c -m 644 'cpl1.0.txt' '/usr/share/graphviz/doc/cpl1.0.txt'
make[2]: Leaving directory `/root/setup/graphviz-2.26.3'
make[1]: Leaving directory `/root/setup/graphviz-2.26.3'
You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root
[root@jfht graphviz-2.26.3]#
  
  

 
 
命令格式如下：
dot -Tpng valgrind.dot -o valgrind.png
生成的图片示例
通过图形，我们可以很直观的知道那段程序执行慢，并且了解相关调用关系