Handler、Thread 和 HandlerThread详解

Handler 、 Thread 和 HandlerThread详解

区别：

1）Handler：在Android中负责发送和处理消息，通过它可以实现其他支线线程与主线程之间的消通讯

2）Thread：线程，可以看作是进程的一个实体，是CPU调度和分派的基本单位，他是比进程更小的独立运行的基本单位

3）HandlerThread：封装了Handler + ThreadHandlerThread适合在有需要一个工作线程（非UI线程）+任务的等待队列的形式，优点是不会有堵塞，

减少了对性能的消耗，缺点是不能同时进行多个任务的处理，需要等待进行处理。处理效率低，可以当成一个轻量级的线程池来用

 

 

Handler 实现原理：

 

 

由 handler、Looper、MessageQueue 三部分组成，由handler  post( @NonNull Runnable r)消息到到MessageQueue（ 单向链表），

而MessageQueue 由Looper 管理做无限的循环取消息队列里面的消息并将消息分给handler处理，

当消息一直循环到MessageQueue里没有消息了，循环就阻塞（相当于结束循环）

然后handler 通过回调方法回调消息给 handleMessage(Message msg) 处理；

部分源码截图：

 

1.handler 发送消息

 

2.looper  myLooper 获取一个Thread相对应唯一一个looper，和looper的构造函数（Thread. currentThread() 获取当前代码块被哪个线程调用）

1. MessageQueue，一个入队方法enqueueMessage() 方法，一个出队方法

详细介绍MessageQueue 参考连接 https://www.sohu.com/a/145311556_675634

 

 

 

 

HandlerThread 实现  ，本质就是一个线程Thread,(其中封装Looper )

public class HandlerThread extends Thread {

    int mPriority;

    int mTid = -1;

    Looper mLooper;

 

    public HandlerThread(String name) {

        super(name);

        mPriority = Process.THREAD_PRIORITY_DEFAULT;

    }

    

    /**

     * Constructs a HandlerThread.

     * @param name

     * @param priority The priority to run the thread at. The value supplied must be from

     * {@link android.os.Process} and not from java.lang.Thread.

     */

    public HandlerThread(String name, int priority) {

        super(name);

        mPriority = priority;

    }

    

    /**

     * Call back method that can be explicitly overridden if needed to execute some

     * setup before Looper loops.

     */

    protected void onLooperPrepared() {

    }

 

    @Override

    public void run() {

        mTid = Process.myTid();

        Looper.prepare();

        synchronized (this) {

            mLooper = Looper.myLooper();

            notifyAll();

        }

        Process.setThreadPriority(mPriority);

        onLooperPrepared();

        Looper.loop();

        mTid = -1;

    }

    

    /**

     * This method returns the Looper associated with this thread. If this thread not been started

     * or for any reason is isAlive() returns false, this method will return null. If this thread

     * has been started, this method will block until the looper has been initialized.  

     * @return The looper.

     */

    public Looper getLooper() {

        if (!isAlive()) {

            return null;

        }

        

        // If the thread has been started, wait until the looper has been created.

        synchronized (this) {

            while (isAlive() && mLooper == null) {

                try {

                    wait();

                } catch (InterruptedException e) {

                }

            }

        }

        return mLooper;

    }

 

    

    public boolean quit() {

        Looper looper = getLooper();

        if (looper != null) {

            looper.quit();

            return true;

        }

        return false;

    }

 

 

    public boolean quitSafely() {

        Looper looper = getLooper();

        if (looper != null) {

            looper.quitSafely();

            return true;

        }

        return false;

    }

 

    /**

     * Returns the identifier of this thread. See Process.myTid().

     */

    public int getThreadId() {

        return mTid;

    }

}