内容提供者的作用
应用程序创建的数据库默认都是私有的,别的应用程序不可以访问里面的数据。如果有需求把自己应用程序私有的数据库暴露给别的用户,就需要使用内容提供者
内容提供者的使用
A应用中
1,创建数据库BankDBOpenHelper
public class BankDBOpenHelper extends SQLiteOpenHelper{
public BankDBOpenHelper(Context context) {
super(context, "bank.db", null, 1);
}
@Override
public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db) {
db.execSQL("create table account (_id integer primary key autoincrement,name varchar(20),money varchar(20))");
}
@Override
public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {
}
}
2,创建类BankDBBackDoor继承内容提供者
public class BankDBBackDoor extends ContentProvider{
private static final int SUCCESS = 1;
//初始化为不匹配
static UriMatcher uriMatcher = new UriMatcher(UriMatcher.NO_MATCH);//如果uri匹配失败,返回-1
static {
// uriMatcher.addURI(authority, path, code),path是自己任意起的名,一般为表名
uriMatcher.addURI("com.test.bank", "account", SUCCESS);
}
@Override
public boolean onCreate() {
return false;
}
@Override
public Uri insert(Uri uri, ContentValues values) {
int code = uriMatcher.match(uri);
if (code == SUCCESS) {
System.out.println("插入数据");
BankDBOpenHelper helper = new BankDBOpenHelper(getContext());
SQLiteDatabase db = helper.getWritableDatabase();
db.insert("account", null, values);
//通知观察者数据发生了变化
getContext().getContentResolver().notifyChange(uri, null);
}else {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("口令错误");
}
return null;
}
@Override
public int delete(Uri uri, String selection, String[] selectionArgs) {
int code = uriMatcher.match(uri);
if (code == SUCCESS) {
System.out.println("删除数据");
BankDBOpenHelper helper = new BankDBOpenHelper(getContext());
SQLiteDatabase db = helper.getWritableDatabase();
db.delete("account", selection, selectionArgs);
//通知观察者数据发生了变化
getContext().getContentResolver().notifyChange(uri, null);
}else {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("口令错误");
}
return 0;
}
@Override
public int update(Uri uri, ContentValues values, String selection,
String[] selectionArgs) {
int code = uriMatcher.match(uri);
if (code == SUCCESS) {
System.out.println("更新数据");
BankDBOpenHelper helper = new BankDBOpenHelper(getContext());
SQLiteDatabase db = helper.getWritableDatabase();
db.update("account", values, selection, selectionArgs);
//通知观察者数据发生了变化
getContext().getContentResolver().notifyChange(uri, null);
}else {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("口令错误");
}
return 0;
}
@Override
public Cursor query(Uri uri, String[] projection, String selection,
String[] selectionArgs, String sortOrder) {
int code = uriMatcher.match(uri);
if (code == SUCCESS) {
System.out.println("查询数据");
BankDBOpenHelper helper = new BankDBOpenHelper(getContext());
SQLiteDatabase db = helper.getReadableDatabase();
return db.query("account", projection, selection, selectionArgs, null, null, sortOrder);
}else {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("口令错误");
}
}
@Override
public String getType(Uri uri) {
return null;
}
}
3,在清单文件中注册内容提供者
<provider android:name="com.example.day09_01_contentprovider.BankDBBackDoor"
//必须配置该主机名,访问者使用该主机名才能访问
android:authorities="com.test.bank"
//是否支持其它应用调用当前组件
android:exported="true">
</provider>
3,在MainActivity中创建数据库
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
BankDBOpenHelper helper = new BankDBOpenHelper(this);
SQLiteDatabase db = helper.getWritableDatabase();
}
}
B应用中
调用A中的增删改查方法
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
}
/**
* 在界面上添加增删改查的方法
* @param view
*/
//银行行长利用后门添加数据
public void insert(View view){
//得到内容提供者的解析器
ContentResolver resolver = getContentResolver();
Uri uri = Uri.parse("content://com.heima.bank/account");
ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
values.put("name", "zhangsan");
values.put("money", 10000);
//利用解析器添加数据
resolver.insert(uri, values);
}
public void delete(View view){
ContentResolver resolver = getContentResolver();
Uri uri = Uri.parse("content://com.heima.bank/account");
resolver.delete(uri, "name=?", new String[]{"zhangsan"});
}
public void update(View view){
ContentResolver resolver = getContentResolver();
Uri uri = Uri.parse("content://com.heima.bank/account");
ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
values.put("money", 20000);
resolver.update(uri, values, "name=?", new String[]{"zhangsan"});
}
public void query(View view){
ContentResolver resolver = getContentResolver();
Uri uri = Uri.parse("content://com.heima.bank/account");
Cursor cursor = resolver.query(uri, new String[]{"name","money"}, null, null, null);
while (cursor.moveToNext()) {
String name = cursor.getString(0);
float money = cursor.getFloat(1);
System.out.println(name+":::"+money);
}
cursor.close();
}
}
如何去分析系统应用的内容提供者
1,查看数据库,分析数据库的表和字段
2,操作内容提供者需要uri
3,找到系统应用的源代码,首先去清单文件中查找主机名authorities
<provider
android:name="SmsProvider"
android:authorities="sms"
android:multiprocess="true"
android:readPermission="android.permission.READ_SMS"
android:writePermission="android.permission.WRITE_SMS" />
4,去对应的Provider的源代码中查找匹配规则,确定表名
static {
sURLMatcher.addURI("sms", null, SMS_ALL); //所有短信
sURLMatcher.addURI("sms", "inbox", SMS_INBOX); //收件箱
sURLMatcher.addURI("sms", "sent", SMS_SENT); //发件箱
sURLMatcher.addURI("sms", "draft", SMS_DRAFT); //草稿箱 }
5,根据主机名和表名确定uri,使用ContentResolver的增删改查方法操作对应的数据库
- 使用实例:
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
}
//向内容提供者中添加数据
public void add(View view){
ContentResolver resolver = getContentResolver();
Uri uri = Uri.parse("content://sms");//主机名加表名
ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
values.put("address", "110");
values.put("date", System.currentTimeMillis());
values.put("type", 1);
values.put("body", "你被通缉了");
resolver.insert(uri, values);
}
//删除内容提供者中数据
public void delete(View view){
ContentResolver resolver = getContentResolver();
Uri uri = Uri.parse("content://sms");
resolver.delete(uri, "address=?", new String[]{"110"});
}
}
联系人数据库
- 路径:data/data/com.android.providers.contacts/databases/contacts2.db
- 主要操作的3张表:
raw_contact:联系人的id表
contact_id 保存联系人的id
data:联系人的数据表
rawcontactid 表示属于哪个联系人
data1 具体的数据
mimetype_id 数据的类型,使用该id去mimetypes表中查询数据类型
mimetypes:联系人的数据类型表
- 查询联系人数据库的数据的步骤
1,查询raw_contact表,获取所有联系人id
2,根据联系人id,查询data表,该联系人的所有数据
3,根据mimetype确定数据类型
如何读取联系人数据
ContentResolver resolver = getContentResolver();
//1.查询raw_contact表,获取所有联系人
id Uri uri = Uri.parse("content://com.android.contacts/raw_contacts");
Uri datauri = Uri.parse("content://com.android.contacts/data");
Cursor cursor = resolver.query(uri, new String[]{"contact_id"}, null, null, null);
while(cursor.moveToNext()){
String id = cursor.getString(0);
System.out.println("Id:"+id);
//2.根据联系人id,查询data表,该联系人的所有数据
Cursor datacursor = resolver.query(datauri, new String[]{"data1","mimetype"}, "raw_contact_id=?", new String[]{id}, null);
while(datacursor.moveToNext()){
//3.根据mimetype确定数据类型
String data1 = datacursor.getString(0);
System.out.println("data1:"+data1);
String mimetype = datacursor.getString(1);
System.out.println("mimetype:"+mimetype);
}
datacursor.close();
System.out.println("------------");
}
cursor.close();
备注:加上READ_CONTACTS权限
内容观察者
内容观察者一般用于观察系统数据库的变化
使用实例:在其他应用中:
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
Uri uri = Uri.parse("content://com.test.bank/account");//day09_01中银行案例
getContentResolver().registerContentObserver(uri, true, new ContentObserver(new Handler()) {
@Override
public void onChange(boolean selfChange) {
System.out.println("我发现银行数据变化了");
super.onChange(selfChange);
}
});
}
}