android 8(O)预装APP到data/app目录

需求

想内置应用到 “/data/” 用户区，让其可卸载
系统android 8 (O)
android 11可查看另外一篇《android 11®预装APP到 data/app 目录》
测试过的平台:MTK

集成步骤

如果发现不管怎么改都无效，请静下心来，clean一次把out删除再试一下，有些时候错误的编译残留会导致怎么改都无效．
假设是添加myapplication.apk到sdk中的, 烧录后要装到/data/区（注意此方法恢复出厂后app会消失）

1. 创建目录packages/apps/myapplication/，并进入这个目录
2. 把编译好的myapplication.apk放到这个目录下
3. 修改mk
   在下面两个任意文件中修改PRODUCT_PACKAGES加入新增模块名称即可。
   build/target/product/core.mk
   device/XXXX/device.mk 根据实际项目决定

在PRODUCT_PACKAGES下添加myapplication

PRODUCT_PACKAGES += myapplication

4. 创建Android.mk配置文件
   注意这里使用的shell cp的方式把apk拷贝到data中，如果不这么写，可能会导致编译过程签名被改变，导致内置失败，这个问题后面会详细讲．

# ifneq ($(strip $(FEATURE_BN_NOT_BUILD_APP)),true)
LOCAL_PATH := $(call my-dir)
LOCAL_MODULE := myapplication
LOCAL_SRC_FILES := $(LOCAL_MODULE).apk

# copy apk to /data/app
$(shell mkdir -p $(TARGET_OUT_DATA_APPS)/app/$(LOCAL_MODULE))
$(shell cp $(LOCAL_PATH)/$(LOCAL_SRC_FILES) $(TARGET_OUT_DATA_APPS)/app/$(LOCAL_MODULE))

# endif

这种写法不需要额外在mk中处理so库，默认在apk包中是自带库的，在设备启动过程会自动解压到data下的相应目录中．

5. 修改frameworks中源码
   如果不修改，会有烧录固件启动data为空的问题，在启动过程会提示检测data中的app签名失败，然后会自动删除app，
   在Android11中需要修改cpp及java的代码，Android8只需要修改java中源码．
   在sdk下搜索PackageManagerService.java，不同的平台可能位置不一样，
   比如
   frameworks/base/services/core/java/com/android/server/pm/PackageManagerService.java
   在PackageManagerService.java文件中搜索关键字not found; ignoring，把它对应的抛出异常的
   代码屏蔽掉

diff --git a/base/services/core/java/com/android/server/pm/PackageManagerService.java b/base/services/core/java/com/android/server/pm/PackageManagerService.java
index 238a70f6..f380a66e 100644
--- a/base/services/core/java/com/android/server/pm/PackageManagerService.java
+++ b/base/services/core/java/com/android/server/pm/PackageManagerService.java
@@ -12095,11 +12095,11 @@ public class PackageManagerService extends PackageManagerServiceExAbs
                                     + " but expected at " + known.codePathString
                                     + "; ignoring.");
                         }
-                    } else {
+                    } /*else {
                         throw new PackageManagerException(INSTALL_FAILED_INVALID_INSTALL_LOCATION,
                                 "Application package " + pkg.packageName
                                 + " not found; ignoring.");
-                    }
+                    }*/
                 }
             }

Android.mk错误写法引起的问题

这里列个Android.mk可能错误的写法：

LOCAL_PATH := $(call my-dir)
include $(CLEAR_VARS)
# Module name should match apk name to be installed
LOCAL_MODULE := myapplication
LOCAL_MODULE_TAGS := optional
LOCAL_SRC_FILES := $(LOCAL_MODULE).apk
LOCAL_MODULE_CLASS := APPS
LOCAL_MODULE_SUFFIX := $(COMMON_ANDROID_PACKAGE_SUFFIX)
LOCAL_CERTIFICATE := PRESIGNED
LOCAL_MODULE_PATH := $(TARGET_OUT_DATA_APPS)
include $(BUILD_PREBUILT)

LOCAL_MODULE_PATH := $(TARGET_OUT_DATA_APPS) 由这行来控制安装到data/app下。

这种写法，编译后，在out目录下能搜索到myapplication.apk，但是烧录到设备后，启动找不到这个app
运行过程出错：Failed to scan /data/app/: Failed to collect certificates from xxx
设备会自动删除app

把out下的apk拷贝出来用adb install命令也装不了，
Failure [INSTALL_PARSE_FAILED_NO_CERTIFICATES: Failed to collect certificates from /data/app/vmdl1194648165.tmp/base.apk: META-INF/CERT.SF indicates /data/app/vmdl1194648165.tmp/base.apk is signed using APK Signature Scheme v2, but no such signature was found. Signature stripped?]
可见编译过程apk被改动了。

APP依赖system中lib的问题

建议data的apk中自带lib，如果依赖/system/lib/下的库，
则需要设置成/data/app下apk可访问/system/lib/下的对应库，否则运行会崩溃出错：
java.lang.UnsatisfiedLinkError: dlopen failed: library “/system/lib/libmmkv.so” needed or dlopened by “/system/lib/libnativeloader.so” is not accessible for the namespace “classloader-namespace”

1. 一种修改方法

diff --git a/core/libnativeloader/native_loader.cpp b/core/libnativeloader/native_loader.cpp
index 809160c..d3af503 100644
--- a/core/libnativeloader/native_loader.cpp
+++ b/core/libnativeloader/native_loader.cpp
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ static constexpr const char* kVendorClassloaderNamespaceName = "vendor-classload
 // (http://b/27588281) This is a workaround for apps using custom classloaders and calling
 // System.load() with an absolute path which is outside of the classloader library search path.
 // This list includes all directories app is allowed to access this way.
-static constexpr const char* kWhitelistedDirectories = "/data:/mnt/expand";
+static constexpr const char* kWhitelistedDirectories = "/data:/mnt/expand:/system/lib";
 
 static bool is_debuggable() {
   char debuggable[PROP_VALUE_MAX];

2. 另外一种方法
   修改sdk下的
   system/core/rootdir/etc/public.libraries.android.txt
   把需要的库加到这个文件中
   比如添加
   libmmkv.so
   libnativeloader.so

作者：帅得不敢出门　原创文章谢绝转载收录