转载于 http://blog.csdn.net/u011102153/article/details/48382101
ContentProvider:内容提供者
ContentProvider简介:
当应用继承ContentProvider类,并重写该类用于提供数据和存储数据的方法,就可以向其他应用共享其数据。虽然使用其他方法也可以对外共享数据,但数据访问方式会因数据存储的方式而不同,如:采用文件方式对外共享数据,需要进行文件操作读写数据;采用sharedpreferences共享数据,需要使用sharedpreferences API读写数据。而使用ContentProvider共享数据的好处是统一了数据访问方式。
Uri类简介
Uri代表了要操作的数据,Uri主要包含了两部分信息:1.需要操作的ContentProvider ,2.对ContentProvider中的什么数据进行操作,一个Uri由以下几部分组成:
1.scheme:ContentProvider(内容提供者)的scheme已经由Android所规定为:content://。
2.主机名(或Authority):用于唯一标识这个ContentProvider,外部调用者可以根据这个标识来找到它。
3.路径(path):可以用来表示我们要操作的数据,路径的构建应根据业务而定,如下:
• 要操作contact表中id为10的记录,可以构建这样的路径:/contact/10
• 要操作contact表中id为10的记录的name字段, contact/10/name
• 要操作contact表中的所有记录,可以构建这样的路径:/contact
本篇主要围绕通话记录和联系人讲解ContentProvider的使用。
首先来了解一下通话记录和联系人的表结构。
这是手机中部分表:
通话记录在calls表中,联系人表主要有三个:raw_contacts、data、mimetype表。
–联系人记录
–存放联系人信息的表(注意表结构):
联系人信息表:raw_contacts
–_id
–display_name联系人名称
联系人数据表:data
–_id
–raw_contact_id(外键,raw_contacts表的_id)
–data1
–data2
–mimetype_id(数据类型,如电话,邮箱,地址 外键(mimeypes))
数据类型表:mimeypes
–_id
–mimetype
数据类型表中需要注意的是name、phone_v2、email_v2字段,对应id是7、5、1;
一、ContentResolver的使用
1)定义ContentProvieder组件提供的内容的Uri接口
2)定义被访问的表中的字段
3)添加访问权限
简单使用1:查询最近联系人记录
<code class="hljs cs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 访问拨号应用下的ContentProvieder组件提供的内容的Uri接口</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> Uri callUri = CallLog.Calls.CONTENT_URI; <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 被访问的表中的字段</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> String[] columns = { CallLog.Calls._ID, CallLog.Calls.NUMBER, CallLog.Calls.DATE, CallLog.Calls.TYPE }; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">loadData</span>() { <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 使用ContentResolver访问拨号记录应用下的ContentProvider组件提供的数据库中表的数据</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 得到ContentResolver对象</span> ContentResolver resolver = getContentResolver(); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 查询uri代表的资源(从 Uri代表的表中进行查询)</span> Cursor cursor = resolver.query(callUri, columns, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">while</span> (cursor.moveToNext()) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">long</span> id = cursor.getLong(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>); String number = cursor.getString(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">long</span> time = cursor.getLong(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> type = cursor.getInt(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">3</span>); String date = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> SimpleDateFormat(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"yyyy-MM-dd E HH:mm:ss"</span>) .format(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> Date(time)); String types = (type == <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span> ? <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"拨入"</span> : (type == <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span> ? <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"拨出"</span> : <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"未接"</span>)); datas.add(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> CallInfo(id, number, date, types)); } adapter.notifyDataSetChanged(); }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li></ul>
简单使用2:查询手机联系人,然后执行增删改操作
需要了解联系人数据库中有哪些表及表的结构:通过adb shell可以查看。
–联系人记录
–存放联系人信息的表(注意表结构):
联系人信息表:raw_contacts
–_id
–display_name联系人名称
联系人数据表:data
–_id
–raw_contact_id(外键,raw_contacts表的_id)
–data1:电话、邮箱、姓名等信息
–data2
–mimetype_id(数据类型,如电话,邮箱,地址 外键(mimeypes))
数据类型表:mimeypes
–_id
–mimetype
– mimetype_id=1:邮箱
– mimetype_id=5:电话
– mimetype_id=7:姓名
<code class="hljs cs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 访问raw_contacts这张表的Uri</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> Uri contactUri = Uri .parse(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"content://com.android.contacts/raw_contacts"</span>); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> String[] conColumn = { <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"_id"</span>, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"display_name"</span> }; <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// //访问data这张表的Uri</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> Uri dataUri = Uri.parse(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"content://com.android.contacts/data"</span>); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> String[] dataColumn = { <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"data1"</span> };</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li></ul>
—>增删该查操作都是第一步得到ContentResolver操作对象,第二步执行已经定义好的方法。
<code class="hljs xml has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"><!-- 访问联系人的ContentProvider组件的权限 --></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">uses-permission</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:name</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"android.permission.READ_CONTACTS"</span>/></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">uses-permission</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:name</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"android.permission.WRITE_CONTACTS"</span>/></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li></ul>
2.1添加联系人:
// 向联系人表raw_contacts中添加新的联系人信息
<code class="hljs cs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">ContentValues <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">value</span> = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> ContentValues(); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">value</span>.put(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"display_name"</span>, name); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">value</span>.put(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"display_name_alt"</span>, name); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 返回新插入的记录Uri,Uri中包含了_id</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// content://com.android.contacts/raw_contacts/#8</span> Uri datasUri = getContentResolver().insert(contactUri,<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">value</span>);</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li></ul>
这个方法值得注意的是返回的是一个uri,也就是新增的这条数据的uri,如果想得到该条记录的id可以调用这个方法:
long _id = ContentUris.parseId(datasUri);
–姓名:
value.put(“data1”, name);
value.put(“mimetype”,”vnd.android.cursor.item/name”);
–电话:
value.put(“data1”, phone);
value.put(“mimetype”,”vnd.android.cursor.item/phone_v2”);
–邮件:
value.put(“data1”, email);
value.put(“mimetype”,”vnd.android.cursor.item/email_v2”);
2.2删除联系人:都是很简单的操作
// 再从联系人表中删除信息
getContentResolver().delete(contactUri, “_id=” + id,null);
2.3修改联系人:
<code class="hljs cs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">value</span>.put(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"display_name"</span>, name); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">value</span>.put(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"display_name_alt"</span>, name); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">long</span> id = Long.parseLong(String.valueOf(datas.<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">get</span>(curItemPosition).<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">get</span>(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"id"</span>))); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 更新联系人信息</span> getContentResolver().update(contactUri, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">value</span>,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"_id="</span> + id, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>);</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul>
2.4查询所有联系人
<code class="hljs cs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">ContentResolver resolver = getContentResolver(); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 先从联系人表中查询所有人的信息</span> Cursor cursor = resolver.query(contactUri, conColumn, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>);</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li></ul>
二、自定义ContentProvider
1.步骤:
1)声明该contentProvider的唯一标识,通常使用包名加数据库名,必须小写
2)为该组件中可以被外界访问的数据库中的资源定义Code标识,不对外界开放的不用定义
3)定义访问资源的Uri的匹配器对象–使用该类生成被访问的资源的Uri
4)UriMatcher添加访问uri
5)清单文件中注册组件 name authorities
6)声明访问该组件的权限
7)重写provider的增删改查方法
2.实现
1)自定义数据库
<code class="hljs java has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">class</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">DBHelper</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">extends</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">SQLiteOpenHelper</span> {</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">DBHelper</span>(Context context) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">super</span>(context, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"users.db"</span>, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>); } <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onCreate</span>(SQLiteDatabase db) { <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// TODO 初始化数据库</span> db.execSQL(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"create table t_user(_id integer primary key,uname,upass,money)"</span>); db.execSQL(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"create table t_order(_id integer primary key,user_id,price,productname)"</span>); db.execSQL(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"insert into t_user(uname,upass,money) values('lisa','123',200)"</span>); db.execSQL(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"insert into t_user(uname,upass,money) values('zhangsan','1234',2000)"</span>); } <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onUpgrade</span>(SQLiteDatabase db, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> oldVersion, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> newVersion) { <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// TODO 数据库升级时执行该方法</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (newVersion > oldVersion) { db.execSQL(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"drop table if exists t_user"</span>); db.execSQL(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"drop table if exists t_order"</span>); onCreate(db); } } }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li></ul>
2)按上述步骤定义ContentProvider
<code class="hljs java has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">class</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">UserContentProvider</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">extends</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">ContentProvider</span> {</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 声明该ContentProvider的唯一标识--通常使用包名+数据库名--必须小写</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> String AUTHORITY = <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"com.beiing.contentprovider_selfdefine.users"</span>; <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 为该组件中可以被外界访问的数据库中的资源定义Code标识</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> CODE_USER = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> CODE_ORDER = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>; <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 定义访问资源的Uri的匹配器对象--使用该类生成被访问的资源的Uri</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> UriMatcher uriMatcher; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> { uriMatcher = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> UriMatcher(UriMatcher.NO_MATCH); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// content://com.beiing.contentprovider_selfdefine.users/user</span> uriMatcher.addURI(AUTHORITY, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"user"</span>, CODE_USER); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// content://com.beiing.contentprovider_selfdefine.users/order</span> uriMatcher.addURI(AUTHORITY, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"order"</span>, CODE_ORDER); } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> DBHelper dbHelper; <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">boolean</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onCreate</span>() { <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// TODO 初始化 数据库操作的工具类</span> dbHelper = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> DBHelper(getContext()); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">false</span>; } <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> Cursor <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">query</span>(Uri uri, String[] projection, String selection, String[] selectionArgs, String sortOrder) { SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getReadableDatabase(); Cursor cursor = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> code = uriMatcher.match(uri); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">switch</span> (code) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">case</span> CODE_USER: cursor = db.query(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"t_user"</span>, projection, selection, selectionArgs, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>, sortOrder); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">break</span>; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">case</span> CODE_ORDER: <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">break</span>; } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> cursor; } <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> Uri <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">insert</span>(Uri uri, ContentValues values) { <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// TODO 向数据库中插入数据</span> SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getWritableDatabase(); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (uriMatcher.match(uri) == CODE_USER) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">long</span> id = db.insert(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"t_user"</span>, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>, values); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 返回新插入的记录的 Uri,回忆插入新数据时可以通过返回的uri得到id</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// content://com.beiing.contentprovider_selfdefine.users/user/6</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> ContentUris.withAppendedId(uri, id); } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>; } <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">delete</span>(Uri uri, String selection, String[] selectionArgs) { <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// TODO 删除数据库中的数据</span> SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getWritableDatabase(); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> num = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (uriMatcher.match(uri) == CODE_USER) { num = db.delete(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"t_user"</span>, selection, selectionArgs); } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> num; } <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">update</span>(Uri uri, ContentValues values, String selection, String[] selectionArgs) { <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// TODO 修改数据库中的数据</span> SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getWritableDatabase(); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (uriMatcher.match(uri) == CODE_USER) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> db.update(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"t_user"</span>, values, selection, selectionArgs); } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>; } <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> String <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">getType</span>(Uri uri) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>; } }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">38</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">39</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">40</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">41</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">42</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">43</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">44</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">45</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">46</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">47</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">48</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">49</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">50</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">51</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">52</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">53</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">54</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">55</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">56</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">57</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">58</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">59</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">60</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">61</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">62</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">63</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">64</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">65</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">66</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">67</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">68</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">69</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">70</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">71</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">72</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">73</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">74</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">75</li></ul>
3)清单文件中注册内容提供器
<code class="hljs xml has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"><!-- 注册 ContentProvider组件 android:authorities:声明该组件的唯一标识 android:permission:声明该组件的权限 android:exported="true":声明该组件可以被外界应用访问 --></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">provider</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:name</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"com.beiing.contentprovider_selfdefine.contentprovider.UserContentProvider"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:authorities</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"com.beiing.contentprovider_selfdefine.users"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:permission</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"com.beiing.contentprovider_selfdefine.READ_WRITE"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:exported</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"true"</span> /></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li></ul>
注意:还需要添加访问该provider的权限和修改的操作权限,否则其他程序不能访问或操作
<code class="hljs xml has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"><!-- 声明访问该组件的权限 --></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">permission</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:name</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"com.beiing.contentprovider_selfdefine.READ_WRITE"</span>/></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li></ul>
4)在其他程序中使用
和上面使用类似,不赘述了。