JavaWeb开发中Ajax技术、json与java实现List、Map数据直接传递的研究
一、在JavaWeb开发中基于jquery框架来使用ajax技术,Json与后台servlet进行数据交互示例,下面示例中基于servlet技术,没有使用struts2等框架。
由于项目需要通过ajax得到后台的List对象、map对象里面的值,闲暇时间摸索了一下关于json接受List对象的方法,步骤如下:
1.首先下载json所以依赖的包, Json-lib 最新版json-lib-2.3-jdk15.jar,其官方网站是:http://json-lib.sourceforge.net/可以直接download,细心的你会发现其网站页面里面有提示它还需要其他包:
Json-lib requires(at least) the following dependencies in your classpath:
•jakartacommons-lang 2.4
•jakartacommons-beanutils 1.7.0
•jakartacommons-collections 3.2
•jakartacommons-logging 1.1.1
•ezmorph 1.0.6
下载地址分别是:
http://commons.apache.org/lang/
http://commons.apache.org/beanutils/
http://commons.apache.org/collections/
http://commons.apache.org/logging/
http://ezmorph.sourceforge.net/
2.首先先见一个小web项目
先建一个User类:
package com.json;
public class User {
String username;
String password;
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
}
再建一个servlet 程序:
package com.json;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import net.sf.json.JSONArray;
public class TestJson extends HttpServlet {
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
doPost(request,response);
}
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
response.setContentType("text/html");
String str= request.getParameter("name");//得到ajax传递过来的paramater
System.out.print(str);
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
List list = new ArrayList();//传递List
Map m=new HashMap();//传递Map
User u1=new User();
u1.setUsername("zah");
u1.setPassword("123");
User u2=new User();
u2.setUsername("ztf");
u2.setPassword("456");
list.add(u1); //添加User对象
list.add(u2); //添加User对象
m.put("u1", u1);
m.put("u2", u2);
JSONArray jsonArray2 = JSONArray.fromObject( list );
//把list转化成转化成json对象
JSONObject jo=JSONObject.fromObject(m);//转化Map对象为Json对象
out.print(jsonArray2);//返给ajax请求
out.print(jo);//返给ajax请求
}
}
配置好web.xml中的servlet映射,这一步就略了。
3.建立ajax实现 (这里为了快速实现用的是jquery实现的)
<script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
function test(){
$.ajax({
type:"POST", //请求方式
url:"testjson", //请求路径:${base}/类所在的命名空间/类名(配置文件中执行对应类的那个name),命名空间是在配置文件中定义。
cache: false,
data:"name=zah", //传参
dataType: 'json', //返回值类型
success:function(json){
alert(json[0].username+" " json[0].password); //弹出返回过来的List对象
}
});
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<input type="button" name="b" value="测试" οnclick=test()>
</body>
测试开始,点击按钮弹出zah 123
json[0]就相当于u1对象 json[1]相当于u2对象,对于其属性的访问跟java对象一样,其他的Connection测试应该一样,访问Map的话直接把返回函数改成如下即可:
success:function(json){
alert(json.u1.username)
}
直接跟上Key.属性即可访问Object对象。
后续会添加基于struts2框架的示例!
二、在JavaWeb开发中ajax+json+Struts2实现list传递实例讲解:
1、首先需要下载JSON依赖的jar包。它主要是依赖如下:
json-lib-2.2.2-jdk15
ezmorph-1.0.4
commons-logging-1.0.4
commons-lang-2.4
commons-collections-3.2.1
commons-beanutils
2、实例。
2.1、身份证错误信息Bean类(ErrorCondition.java)
**
*@Project: excel
*@Author: chenssy
*@Date: 2013-4-4
*@Copyright: chenssy All rights reserved.
*/
public class ErrorCondition {
private String name; // 姓名
private String idCard; // 身份证
private String status; // 错误状态
private String message; // 错误信息
ErrorCondition(String name,String idCard,String status,String message){
this.name = name;
this.idCard = idCard;
this.status = status;
this.message = message;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getIdCard() {
return idCard;
}
public void setIdCard(String idCard) {
this.idCard = idCard;
}
public String getStatus() {
return status;
}
public void setStatus(String status) {
this.status = status;
}
public String getMessage() {
return message;
}
public void setMessage(String message) {
this.message = message;
}
}
2.2、JSP页面(index.jsp)
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<html>
<head>
<script type="text/javascript" src="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/js/jquery-1.7.2.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<input type="button" value="点我显示数据" id="clickMe">
<table id="showTable" border="1">
<tr>
<td>姓名</td>
<td>身份证</td>
<td>错误状态</td>
<td>错误信息</td>
</tr>
</table>
<script>
$("#clickMe").click( function(){
var url = "json/jsonTest.action";
$.ajax({
type:'get',
url:url,
dataType: 'json',
success:function(data){
$.each(data,function(i,list){
var _tr = $("<tr><td>"+list.name+"</td><td>"+
list.idCard+"</td><td>"+list.status+ "</td><td>"+list.message+"</td></tr>");
$("#showTable").append(_tr);
})
}
})
})
</script>
</body>
</html>
2.3、Action处理类(JsonTest_01.java)
/**
*@Project: jsonTest
*@Author: chenssy
*@Date: 2013-4-5
*@Copyright: chenssy All rights reserved.
*/
public class JsonTest_01 {
public String execute() throws IOException{
ErrorCondition r1 = new ErrorCondition("张三", "4306821989021611", "L", "长度错误");
ErrorCondition r2 = new ErrorCondition("李四", "430682198902191112","X", "校验错误");
ErrorCondition r3 = new ErrorCondition("王五", "", "N", "身份证信息为空");
List<ErrorCondition> list = new ArrayList<ErrorCondition>();
list.add(r1);
list.add(r2);
list.add(r3);
//将list转化成JSON对象
JSONArray jsonArray = JSONArray.fromObject(list);
HttpServletResponse response = (HttpServletResponse) ActionContext.getContext().get(ServletActionContext.HTTP_RESPONSE);
response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
response.getWriter().print(jsonArray);
return null;
}
}
2.4、struts.xml配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="GBK"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.1.7//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.1.7.dtd">
<!-- 指定struts 2的配置文件的跟元素 -->
<struts>
<package name="json" namespace="/json" extends="struts-default">
<action name="jsonTest" class="com.json.action.JsonTest_01" method="execute"></action>
</package>
</struts>
3、运行结果
开始页面如下:
当点击按钮后:
该博文转载自:http://zah5897.iteye.com/blog/692038 和 http://www.jb51.net/article/35492.htm