Messenger,通过它可以在不同进程间传递Message对象,Messenger的底层实现也是AIDL,我们可以从它的构造方法中看出
public Messenger(Handler target){
mTarget = target.getIMessenger();
}
public Messenger(IBinder target){
mTarget = IMessenger.Stub.asInterface(target);
}
Messenger的使用方法很简单,它对AIDL做了封装,使得我们可以更便捷的进行进程间通信。同时,由于它一次处理一个请求,因此在服务端我们不用考虑线程同步的问题,这是因为服务端中不存在并发执行的情形。实现一个Messenger有如下几个步骤:
服务端:
1.服务端创建一个Service来处理客户端的连接请求
2.创建一个Handler并通过它来创建一个Messenger对象
3.在Service的onBinder中返回这个Messenger对象底层的Binder
客户端:
1.绑定服务端的Service
2.绑定成功后用服务端返回的IBinder对象创建一个Messenger
3.通过Messenger向服务端发Message对象
4.如果需要服务端能够回应客户端,客户端再创建一个Handler并创建一个新的Messenger,并把这个Messenger对象通过Message的replyTo参数传递给服务端,服务端通过这个replyTo参数就可以回应客户端
服务端代码实现
public class MessengerService extends Service {
private static final String TAG = "MessengerService";
private static class MessengerHandler extends Handler {
@Override
public void handleMessage(@NonNull Message msg) {
switch (msg.what) {
case MessengerConst.MSG_FROM_CLIENT:
Log.e(TAG, "receive msg from client:" + msg.getData().getString("msg"));
//拿到客户端的Messenger,并通过客户端的Messenger給客户端发消息
Messenger client = msg.replyTo;
Message replyMessage = Message.obtain(null,MessengerConst.MSG_FROM_SERVICE);
Bundle bundle = new Bundle();
bundle.putString("reply","嗯,收到消息,稍后回复");
replyMessage.setData(bundle);
try {
client.send(replyMessage);
} catch (RemoteException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
break;
default:
super.handleMessage(msg);
break;
}
}
}
private final Messenger mMessenger = new Messenger(new MessengerHandler());
@Nullable
@Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
return mMessenger.getBinder();
}
}
服务端的MessengerHandler是用来处理客户端发来的消息的,并从消息中取出客户端发来的文本信息。通过msg.replyTo拿到客户端的Messenger,再向客户端发消息。
客户端代码实现
首先绑定服务端MessengerService,绑定成功后,根据服务端返回的binder对象创建Messenger对象并使用Messenger对象向服务器发送消息。
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
private static final String TAG = "MainActivity";
private Messenger mService;
private Messenger client = new Messenger(new MessengerHandler());
private ServiceConnection mConnection = new ServiceConnection() {
@Override
public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName componentName, IBinder iBinder) {
mService = new Messenger(iBinder);
Message msg = Message.obtain(null, MessengerConst.MSG_FROM_CLIENT);
Bundle data = new Bundle();
data.putString("msg", "Hello, this is client");
msg.setData(data);
msg.replyTo = client;
try {
mService.send(msg);
} catch (RemoteException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
@Override
public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName componentName) {
}
};
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
Intent intent = new Intent(this, MessengerService.class);
bindService(intent, mConnection, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
}
@Override
protected void onDestroy() {
unbindService(mConnection);
super.onDestroy();
}
private static class MessengerHandler extends Handler {
@Override
public void handleMessage(@NonNull Message msg) {
switch (msg.what) {
case MessengerConst.MSG_FROM_SERVICE:
Log.e(TAG, "receive msg from service:" + msg.getData().getString("reply"));
break;
default:
super.handleMessage(msg);
break;
}
}
}
}
通过这个例子我们可以看到,其实,Messenger的主要功能就是,收到Message消息后,将消息传递给Handler处理。