第八周 【项目3-分数类中的运算符重载】(2)

问题描述：

（1）实现分数类中的运算符重载，在分数类中可以完成分数的加减乘除（运算后再化简）、比较（6种关系）的运算。可以在第4周分数类代码的基础上开始工作。

[cpp]  view plain copy print ?

1. class CFraction  
2. {  
3. private:  
4.     int nume;  // 分子  
5.     int deno;  // 分母  
6. public:  
7.     //构造函数及运算符重载的函数声明  
8. };  
9. //重载函数的实现及用于测试的main()函数  

　　（2）在（1）的基础上，实现分数类中的对象和整型数的四则运算。分数类中的对象可以和整型数进行四则运算，且运算符合交换律。例如：CFraction a(1,3),b; int i=2; 可以完成b=a+i;。同样，可以完成i+a, 45+a, a*27, 5/a等各种运算。
代码：

main.cpp

#include <iostream>
#include "CFraction.h"
using namespace std;
CFraction operator+(const CFraction &c, int i){
    CFraction c1(c.nume+i*c.deno,c.deno);
    c1.simplify();
    return c1;
}
CFraction operator+(int i, const CFraction &c )  {
    CFraction c1(c.nume+i*c.deno,c.deno);
    c1.simplify();
    return c1;
}
CFraction operator-(const CFraction &c, int i)  {
    CFraction c1(c.nume-i*c.deno,c.deno);
    c1.simplify();
    return c1;
}
CFraction operator-(int i, const CFraction &c )  {
    CFraction c1(i*c.deno-c.nume,c.deno);
    c1.simplify();
    return c1;
}
CFraction operator*(const CFraction &c, int i)  {
    CFraction c1(c.nume*i,c.deno);
    c1.simplify();
    return c1;
}
CFraction operator*(int i, const CFraction &c )  {
    CFraction c1(c.nume*i,c.deno);
    c1.simplify();
    return c1;
}
CFraction operator/(const CFraction &c, int i)  {
    CFraction c1(c.nume,c.deno*i);
    c1.simplify();
    return c1;
}
CFraction operator/(int i, const CFraction &c )  {
    CFraction c1(i*c.deno,c.nume);
    c1.simplify();
    return c1;
}
bool operator>(const CFraction &c, int i)  {
    if(c.deno>0)
        return c.nume>(i*c.deno);
    else
        return c.nume<(i*c.deno);
}
bool operator>(int i, const CFraction &c)  {
    if(c.deno>0)
        return (i*c.deno)>c.nume;
    else
        return (i*c.deno)<c.nume;
}
bool operator<(const CFraction &c, int i)  {
    if(c.deno>0)
        return c.nume<(i*c.deno);
    else
        return c.nume>(i*c.deno);
}
bool operator<(int i, const CFraction &c)  {
    if(c.deno>0)
        return (i*c.deno)<c.nume;
    else
        return (i*c.deno)>c.nume;
}
bool operator==(const CFraction &c, int i)  {
    return c.nume==(i*c.deno);
}
bool operator==(int i, const CFraction &c)  {
    return c.nume==(i*c.deno);
}
bool operator!=(const CFraction &c, int i)  {
    return c.nume!=(i*c.deno);
}
bool operator!=(int i, const CFraction &c)  {
    return c.nume!=(i*c.deno);
}
bool operator>=(const CFraction &c, int i)  {
    return !(c<i);
}
bool operator>=(int i, const CFraction &c)  {
    return !(i<c);
}
bool operator<=(const CFraction &c, int i)  {
    return !(c>i);
}
bool operator<=(int i, const CFraction &c)  {
    return !(i>c);
}
int main()  {
    CFraction x(1,3),y(-5,10),s;
    cout<<"分数x=1/3      y=-5/10"<<endl;
    s=x+y;
    cout<<"x+y=";
    s.display();
    s=x-y;
    cout<<"x-y=";
    s.display();
    s=x*y;
    cout<<"x*y=";
    s.display();
    s=x/y;
    cout<<"x/y=";
    s.display();
    s=x+y;
    cout<<"x+y=";
    s.display();
    x.display();
    if (x>y) cout<<"大于"<<endl;
    if (x<y) cout<<"小于"<<endl;
    if (x==y) cout<<"等于"<<endl;
    y.display();
    cout<<endl;
    CFraction c1(5,3),c2;
    c2=c1+5;
    cout<<"c1+5=";c2.display();
    c2=5+c1;
    cout<<"5+c1=";c2.display();
    c2=c1-5;
    cout<<"c1-5=";c2.display();
    c2=5-c1;
    cout<<"5-c1=";c2.display();
    c2=c1*5;
    cout<<"c1*5=";c2.display();
    c2=5*c1;
    cout<<"5*c1=";c2.display();
    c2=c1/5;
    cout<<"c1/5=";c2.display();
    c2=5/c1;
    cout<<"5/c1=";c2.display();
    bool b;
    cout<<"c1>2为";
    if(b=(c1>2))cout<<"真\n";
    else cout<<"假\n";
    cout<<"2>c1为";
    if(b=(2>c1))cout<<"真\n";
    else cout<<"假\n";
    return 0;
}

CFraction.h

#ifndef CFRACTION _H
#define CFRACTION _H
class CFraction  {
    private:
        int nume;  // 分子
        int deno;  // 分母
    public:
        CFraction(int nu=0,int de=1);   //构造函数，初始化用
        void set(int nu=0,int de=1);    //置值，改变值时用
        void input();               //按照"nu/de"的格式，如"5/2"的形式输入
        void simplify();            //化简（使分子分母没有公因子）
        void amplify(int n);        //放大n倍，如2/3放大5倍为10/3
        void display();   //输出：以8/6为例，style为0时，原样输出8/6；
        int gcd(int,int );
                                //style为1时，输出化简后形式4/3；
                                //style为2时，输出1(1/3)形式，表示一又三分之一；
                                //style为3时，用小数形式输出，如1.3333；
                                //默认方式0
        CFraction operator+(const CFraction &c);  //两个分数相加，结果要化简
        CFraction operator-(const CFraction &c);  //两个分数相减，结果要化简
        CFraction operator*(const CFraction &c);  //两个分数相乘，结果要化简
        CFraction operator/(const CFraction &c);  //两个分数相除，结果要化简
        bool operator>(const CFraction &c);
        bool operator<(const CFraction &c);
        bool operator==(const CFraction &c);
        bool operator!=(const CFraction &c);
        bool operator>=(const CFraction &c);
        bool operator<=(const CFraction &c);
        friend CFraction operator+(const CFraction &c,int i);  //两个分数相加，结果要化简
        friend CFraction operator-(const CFraction &c,int i);  //两个分数相减，结果要化简
        friend CFraction operator*(const CFraction &c,int i);  //两个分数相乘，结果要化简
        friend CFraction operator/(const CFraction &c,int i);  //两个分数相除，结果要化简
        friend bool operator>(const CFraction &c,int i);
        friend bool operator<(const CFraction &c,int i);
        friend bool operator==(const CFraction &c,int i);
        friend bool operator!=(const CFraction &c,int i);
        friend bool operator>=(const CFraction &c,int i);
        friend bool operator<=(const CFraction &c,int i);
        friend CFraction operator+(int i,const CFraction &c);  //两个分数相加，结果要化简
        friend CFraction operator-(int i,const CFraction &c);  //两个分数相减，结果要化简
        friend CFraction operator*(int i,const CFraction &c);  //两个分数相乘，结果要化简
        friend CFraction operator/(int i,const CFraction &c);  //两个分数相除，结果要化简
        friend bool operator>(int i,const CFraction &c);
        friend bool operator<(int i,const CFraction &c);
        friend bool operator==(int i,const CFraction &c);
        friend bool operator!=(int i,const CFraction &c);
        friend bool operator>=(int i,const CFraction &c);
        friend bool operator<=(int i,const CFraction &c);
};
#endif // CFRACTION _H

CFraction.cpp

#include <iostream>
#include<cstdlib>
#include "CFraction.h"
using namespace std;
CFraction::CFraction(int nu,int de){
    if(de==0){
        cerr<<"初始化中发生错误，程序退出\n";
        exit(0);
    }
    else {
        nume=nu;
        deno=de;
    }
}
void CFraction ::input (){
    int nu,de;
    char c;
    while(1)
    {
        cout<<"请输入分数: ";
        cin>>nu>>c>>de;
        if(c!='/')
            cout<<"输入格式错误！\n ";
        else if (de==0)
            cout<<"分母不能为零！\n ";
        else
            break;
    }
    nume=nu;
    deno=de;
}
void CFraction ::set(int nu,int de){
    if(de==0);
    else {
        deno=de;
        nume=nu;
    }
}
void CFraction ::simplify(){
    int a;
    a=gcd(nume,deno);
    deno/=a;
    nume/=a;
}
void CFraction::amplify(int n){
    nume*=n;
}
int CFraction::gcd(int m, int n){
    int r;
    if (m<n){
        r=m;
        m=n;
        n=r;
    }
    while(r=m%n){
        m=n;
        n=r;
    }
    return n;
}
void CFraction::display(){
    int n,style;
    cout<<"请选择输出模式（0：原样\t1：化简形式\t2：带分数形式\t3：近似值）\n";
    cin>>style;
    switch(style)
    {
    case 0:
        cout<<"原样:" <<nume<<'/'<<deno<<endl;
        break;
    case 1:
        n=gcd(deno, nume);
        cout<<"化简形式: "<<nume/n<<'/'<<deno/n<<endl;
        break;
    case 2:
        cout<<"带分数形式:" <<nume/deno<<'('<<nume%deno<<'/'<<deno<<')'<<endl;
        break;
    case 3:
        cout<<"近似值:" <<nume/double(deno)<<endl;
        break;
    default:
        cout<<"默认原样:" <<nume<<'/'<<deno<<endl;
    }
}
CFraction CFraction::operator+(const CFraction &c){
    CFraction t;
    t.nume=nume*c.deno+c.nume*deno;
    t.deno=deno*c.deno;
    t.simplify();
    return t;
}
CFraction CFraction::operator-(const CFraction &c){
    CFraction t;
    t.nume=nume*c.deno-c.nume*deno;
    t.deno=deno*c.deno;
    t.simplify();
    return t;
}
CFraction CFraction::operator*(const CFraction &c){
        CFraction t;
    t.nume=nume*c.nume;
    t.deno=deno*c.deno;
    t.simplify();
    return t;
}
CFraction CFraction::operator/(const CFraction &c){
    if (!c.nume) {
        cout<<"运算错误！\n";
        return *this;
        }
    CFraction t;
    t.nume=nume*c.deno;
    t.deno=deno*c.nume;
    t.simplify();
    return t;
}
bool CFraction::operator>(const CFraction &c){
    CFraction t;
    t=*this-c;
    if(t.nume*t.deno>0) return true;
    else false;
}
bool CFraction::operator<(const CFraction &c){
    CFraction t;
    t=*this-c;
    if(t.nume*t.deno<0) return true;
    else false;
}
bool CFraction::operator>=(const CFraction &c){
    if(*this<c) return false;
    else true;
}
bool CFraction::operator<=(const CFraction &c){
    if(*this>c) return false;
    else true;
}
bool CFraction::operator==(const CFraction &c){
    if(nume-c.nume==0&&deno-c.nume==0) return true;
    else false;
}
bool CFraction::operator!=(const CFraction &c){
    if(*this==c) return false;
    else true;
}

运行结果：