问题描述:
按以下的提示,由基类的设计和测试开始,逐渐地完成各个类的设计,求出圆格柱体的表面积、体积并输出并且完成要求的计算任务:
(1)先建立一个Point(点)类,包含数据成员x,y(坐标点),实现需要的成员函数,并设计main函数完成测试;
(2)以Point为基类,派生出一个Circle(圆)类,增加数据成员r(半径),以及求面积的成员函数area,实现其他需要的成员函数,设计main函数完成测试;
(3)再以Circle类为直接基类,派生出一个Cylinder(圆柱体)类,再增加数据成员h(高),,以及求圆柱表面积的成员函数area和求圆柱体积的成员函数volume,实现需要的成员函数,并设计main函数完成测试。
要求编写程序,设计出各类中“需要的成员函数”,包括构造函数、析构函数、修改数据成员和获取数据成员的公共接口、用于输出的重载运算符“<<”函数等。
(提示:此任务可以分为三个子任务分成若干步骤进行。先声明基类,再声明派生类,逐级进行,分步调试。——这种方法适用于做任何的项目)
代码:
#include <iostream>
const double pi=3.14159;
using namespace std;
class CPoint{
protected:
double x;
double y;
public:
CPoint(double a,double b):x(a),y(b){}
double get_x(){
return x;
}
double get_y(){
return y;
}
void alter(double a,double b){
x=a;
y=b;
}
friend ostream&operator<<(ostream&out, CPoint& a);
};
ostream&operator<<(ostream&out, CPoint&a){
cout<<"点坐标\n";
cout<<"("<<a.get_x()<<","<<a.get_y()<<")";
return out;
}
class Circle:public CPoint{
protected:
double r;
public:
Circle(double a,double b,double c):CPoint(a,b){r=c;}
double get_r(){return r;}
double area(){return pi*r*r;}
double get_x(){
return x;
}
double get_y(){
return y;
}
friend ostream&operator<<(ostream&out,Circle&a);
};
ostream&operator<<(ostream&out,Circle&a){
cout<<"圆的半径:"<<a.get_r()<<"\t圆心:";
cout<<"("<<a.get_x()<<","<<a.get_y()<<")";
cout<<"\t面积:"<<a.area()<<'\12';
}
class Cylinder:public Circle{
protected:
double h;
public:
Cylinder(double a,double b,double c,double d):Circle(a,b,c){h=d;}
double get_h(){return h;}
double get_r1(){return r;}
double area1(){return pi*r*r;}
double volume(){return area()*h;}
double get_x1(){
return x;
}
double get_y1(){
return y;
}
friend ostream&operator<<(ostream*out,Cylinder&c);
};
ostream&operator<<(ostream&out,Cylinder&c){
cout<<"圆柱底面积:"<<c.area1()<<"\t圆柱底面圆半径:"<<c.get_r1();
cout<<"\n圆底面圆圆心:";
cout<<"("<<c.get_x1()<<","<<c.get_y1()<<")";
cout<<"\t圆柱的高:" <<c.get_h()<<"\t圆柱体积:"<<c.volume();
}
int main()
{
CPoint a(4,4);
cout<<a<<'\12';
a.alter(3,7);
cout<<a<<'\12';
Circle b(3,7,7);
cout<<b;
Cylinder c(3,7,7,10);
cout<<c;
return 0;
}
运行结果: