【LeetCode】139. Word Break

139. Word Break

Description：
Given a non-empty string s and a dictionary wordDict containing a list of non-empty words, determine if s can be segmented into a space-separated sequence of one or more dictionary words.
Note:
The same word in the dictionary may be reused multiple times in the segmentation.
You may assume the dictionary does not contain duplicate words.
Difficulty：Medium
Example:

Input: s = "leetcode", wordDict = ["leet", "code"]
Output: true
Explanation: Return true because "leetcode" can be segmented as "leet code".

方法1：深度搜索，超时

• Time complexity : $O\left(\right)$
• Space complexity : $O\left(\right)$
  思路：
  每次找一个能匹配的segment，然后递归剩下的s以及全部dict，这里有一个技巧是要用每次return的|的结果，因为只要有一个true就ok。

class Solution {
public:
    bool wordBreak(string s, vector<string>& wordDict) {
        return helper(s, 0, s.size()-1, wordDict);
    }
    bool helper(string &s, int l, int r, vector<string>& dict){
        if(l == r+1) return true;
        bool res = false;
        for(int i = 0; i < dict.size(); i++){
            if(r-l+1 >= dict[i].size()){
                int j = 0;
                for(;j < dict[i].size(); j++){
                    if(s[l+j] != dict[i][j])
                        break;
                }
                if(j == dict[i].size()) 
                    res |= helper(s, l+j, r, dict);
            }
            else{
                continue;
            }
        }
        return res;
    }
};

方法2：动态规划

• Time complexity : $O\left(\right)$
• Space complexity : $O\left(\right)$
  思路：
  dp[i] = {...|...dp[j] && s[j:i] in dict... |...} 0<=j<i大括号内相与

class Solution {
public:
    bool wordBreak(string s, vector<string>& wordDict) {
        if(wordDict.size() == 0) return false;
        unordered_set<string> dict;
        for(auto w: wordDict)
            dict.insert(w);
        vector<bool> dp(s.size()+1, false);
        dp[0] = true;
        for(int i = 1; i <= s.size(); i++){
            for(int j = i-1; j >= 0; j--){
                if(dp[j]){
                    string segment = s.substr(j, i-j);
                    if(dict.find(segment) != dict.end()){
                        dp[i] = true;
                        break;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        return dp[s.size()];
    }
};