注:相应的源文件在文末的github链接中
实验四 智力抢答器设计仿真与下载
一.实验要求
- 在 VIVADO 环境下进行时序仿真;
- 完成下载,在实验板上对程序进行验证,必要时对波形进行观察。
二.智力抢答器的实现
源文件
module Smart_responder(
input clk, // 输入时钟信号
input rst_n, // 输入复位信号
input [3:0] btn, // 输入按钮信号
output [3:0] an, // 输出数码管段选信号
output [7:0] seg_code // 输出数码管段码信号
);
// 定义复位信号
wire rst = \~rst_n;
// 实例化按钮检测模块
push_detect push_detect(
.clk(clk),
.rst(rst),
.btn(btn),
.state(state)
);
// 定义计数器结束信号
wire cnt_down_over;
assign cnt_down_over = &seg_code;
// 实例化显示模块
show_who show_who(
.clk(clk),
.rst(rst),
.state(state),
.cnt_down_over(cnt_down_over),
.an(an)
);
// 定义计数器开始信号
wire cnt_start;
assign cnt_start = |state;
// 实例化倒计时模块
count_down cnt_down(
.clk(clk),
.rst(rst),
.cnt_start(cnt_start),
.seg_code(seg_code)
);
endmodule
//按钮检测
module push_detect(
input clk, // 输入时钟信号
input rst, // 输入复位信号
input [3:0] btn, // 输入按钮信号
output reg[3:0] state // 输出状态信号
);
parameter OVER = 8'hff;
reg [3:0] pos;
always @(posedge clk or posedge rst)
if (rst)
begin
state <= 4'd0;
pos <= 4'd0;
end
else
case (pos)
4'd0:
begin
state <= 4'd0;
pos <= btn;
end
4'd1, 4'd2, 4'd4, 4'd8:
begin
state <= pos;
pos <= 4'h0;
end
default: pos <= 4'd0;
endcase
endmodule
//显示模块
module show_who(
input clk, // 输入时钟信号
input rst, // 输入复位信号
input [3:0] state, // 输入状态信号
input cnt_down_over, // 输入计数器结束信号
output reg[3:0] an // 输出数码管段选信号
);
reg [3:0] pos;
always @(posedge clk or posedge rst)
if (rst)
begin
pos <= 4'd0;
an <= 4'hf;
end
else
case (pos)
4'd0:
begin
an <= 4'hf;
pos <= state;
end
4'd1, 4'd2, 4'd4, 4'd8:
if (cnt_down_over)
pos <= 4'd0;
else
an <= pos;
default: pos <= 4'd0;
endcase
endmodule
//计时停止信号
module count_down(
input clk, // 输入时钟信号
input rst, // 输入复位信号
input cnt_start, // 输入计数器开始信号
output reg[7:0] seg_code // 输出数码管段码信号
);
// 定义1秒定时器
parameter T1S = 27'd100000000;
reg[26:0] cnt;
reg cnt_sig;
always @(posedge clk or posedge rst)
if (rst)
cnt <= 27'd0;
else if (cnt == T1S)
cnt <= 27'd0;
else if (cnt_sig)
cnt <= cnt + 1'b1;
else
cnt <= 27'd0;
reg[3:0] cnt_down;
always @(posedge clk or posedge rst)
if (rst)
begin
cnt_down <= 4'd9;
cnt_sig <= 1'b0;
end
else if (cnt_start && !cnt_sig)
cnt_sig <= 1'b1;
else if (cnt_down == 4'hf)
begin
cnt_down <= 4'd9;
cnt_sig <= 1'b0;
end
else if (cnt == T1S)
cnt_down <= cnt_down - 1'b1;
// 数码管段码定义
parameter _0 = 8'hc0, _1 = 8'hf9, _2 = 8'ha4, _3 = 8'hb0,
_4 = 8'h99, _5 = 8'h92, _6 = 8'h82, _7 = 8'hf8,
_8 = 8'h80, _9 = 8'h90;
always @(posedge clk or posedge rst)
if (rst)
seg_code <= 8'hff;
else
case (cnt_down)
4'd0: seg_code <= \~_0;
4'd1: seg_code <= \~_1;
4'd2: seg_code <= \~_2;
4'd3: seg_code <= \~_3;
4'd4: seg_code <= \~_4;
4'd5: seg_code <= \~_5;
4'd6: seg_code <= \~_6;
4'd7: seg_code <= \~_7;
4'd8: seg_code <= \~_8;
4'd9: seg_code <= \~_9;
default: seg_code <= 8'hff;
endcase
endmodule
激励文件(注意可能需要改变延时时间为自己的学号)
//由于计数时间太长,很难看到计数,这里不再展示计数
module Smart_responder_tb;
reg clk,rst_n;
reg [3:0]btn;
wire [3:0] an;
wire [7:0] seg_code;
Smart_responder Sr(
.clk( clk ),
.rst_n( rst_n ),
.btn( btn ),
.an( an ),
.seg_code( seg_code )
);
initial begin
clk = 1'b0;
rst_n = 1'b0;
btn = 4'd0;
#73 rst_n = 1'b1;
// #10 rst_n = 1'b0;
//有两个人按下按钮,但是时间不同
#73 btn = 4'd1;
#73 btn = 4'd3;
#73 btn = 4'd0;
#50 rst_n = 1'b0;
#10 rst_n = 1'b1;
//有两个人按下按钮,但是时间不同
#73 btn = 4'd2;
#73 btn = 4'd6;
#73 btn = 4'd0;
end
always #5 clk <= ~clk;