Sqlite是一款轻型的数据库,它包含在一个相对小的C库中,它的设计目标是嵌入式的,由于它占用资源非常少,可能只需要几百K的内存就可以了,并且支持Windows/Linux/Unix等等主流的操作系统,同时可以和很多种程序语言相结合,比如:C#/Java/php等,所以在嵌入式设备中特别受欢迎,这一点也正好符合android的开发要求,所以在Android开发中经常要用到该数据库。
2. 运用Sqlite,一般要有一个SQLiteOpenHelper来辅助创建数据库,连接数据库。
eg:
public class DatabaseHelper extends SQLiteOpenHelper {
public static final String DBNAME = "cbg_download.db";
public static final int VERSION = 1;
// public DatabaseHelper(Context context) {
// //必须通过super调用父类当中的构造函数
// super(context,DBNAME,null,VERSION);
// }
//创建多项数据库连接
public DatabaseHelper(Context context,String name){
this(context,name,VERSION);
}
public DatabaseHelper(Context context,String name,int version){
this(context, name,null,version);
}
//在SQLiteOepnHelper的子类当中,必须有该构造函数
public DatabaseHelper(Context context, String name, CursorFactory factory, int version) {
//必须通过super调用父类当中的构造函数
super(context, name, factory, version);
}
@Override
public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db) {
//存在数据库则不会调用。进行初始操作
db.execSQL("CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS priaseTable(id integer primary key autoincrement,clickId varchar(100),clickType varchar(100),clickCount INTEGER)");
}
@Override
public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
db.execSQL("DROP TABLE IF EXISTS filedownlog");
onCreate(db);
}
}
注意:
(1)DatabaseHelper 继承SQLiteOpenHelper。必须实现3点,
构造函数:用于初始化数据库,创建数据库
public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db) :用于创建表。在调getReadableDatabase或getWritableDatabase时,会判断指定的数据库是否存在,不存在则调SQLiteDatabase.create创建, onCreate只在数据库第一次创建时才执行
public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion):用于数据库更新操作
3.//单例模式 Dao 类,做一个对数据表进行操作的类
eg:
package cdv.cq.mobilestation.Activity.praise;
import android.content.Context;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
import android.widget.Toast;
//单例模式
public class Dao {
private static Dao dao = null;
private Context context;
private Dao(Context contex) {
this.context = contex;
}
public static Dao getInstance(Context context) {
if (dao == null) {
dao = new Dao(context);
}
return dao;
}
// 连接数据库
public SQLiteDatabase getConnection() {
SQLiteDatabase sqLiteDatabase = null;
try {
sqLiteDatabase = new DatabaseHelper(context, DatabaseHelper.DBNAME)
.getReadableDatabase();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return sqLiteDatabase;
}
public void createTable(SQLiteDatabase sqLiteDatabase){
sqLiteDatabase.execSQL("CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS priaseTable(id integer primary key autoincrement,clickId varchar(100),clickType varchar(100),clickCount INTEGER)");
}
public synchronized int isHasInfors(String clickId, String clickType) {
SQLiteDatabase database = getConnection();
int id = -1;
Cursor cursor = null;
try {
cursor = database.query("priaseTable", null,
"clickId=? AND clickType=?", new String[] { clickId,
clickType }, null, null, null);
if (cursor.moveToFirst()) {
id = cursor.getInt(0);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (null != database) {
database.close();
}
if (null != cursor) {
cursor.close();
}
}
return id;
}
//增
public synchronized void insert(String clickId, String clickType,
int count) {
SQLiteDatabase database = getConnection();
// int id = dao.isHasInfors(clickId,clickType);
// if(id == 0){
// ContentValues cv = new ContentValues();
// cv.put("clickId", clickId);
// cv.put("clickType", clickType);
// cv.put("clickCount", 1);
// database.insert("priaseTable", null, cv);
// String sql =
// "insert into priaseTable(clickId,clickType,clickCount) values(?,?,?)";
// Object[] info ={clickId,clickType,"1"};
// database.execSQL(sql,info);
// }
// else{
// //更改数据操作
//
// }
try {
String sql = "insert into priaseTable(clickId,clickType,clickCount) values(?,?,?)";
Object[] info = { clickId, clickType, count};
database.execSQL(sql, info);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (null != database) {
database.close();
}
}
}
// 改
public synchronized void update(int Id, boolean isAdd) {
SQLiteDatabase database = getConnection();
int count = 0;
try{
Cursor curor = database.rawQuery("select * from priaseTable where id =?",new String[]{String.valueOf(Id)});
if(curor.moveToFirst())
count = curor.getInt(3);
if(isAdd){
String sql = "update priaseTable set clickCount=? where id = ?";
Object[] info = {++count,Id};
database.execSQL(sql,info);
//这是在新的线程打开的,Toast只能在主线程修改UI界面
//Toast.makeText(context, "点赞加1成功",2*1000).show();
}
else{
String sql = "update priaseTable set clickCount=? where id = ?";
Object[] info = {--count,Id};
database.execSQL(sql,info);
//Toast.makeText(context, "点赞减1成功",2*1000).show();
}
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
if (null != database) {
database.close();
}
}
}
//查 点赞数
public synchronized int queryPraise(String id){
SQLiteDatabase database = getConnection();
int count = 0;
try{
Cursor curor = database.rawQuery("select from priaseTable where id =?", new String[]{id});
while(curor.moveToFirst())
count = curor.getInt(4);
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
if (null != database) {
database.close();
}
}
return count;
}
}
注意:
(1)sqlite 数据库中的表 列号是从0开始的,
eg:Cursor curor = database.rawQuery("select * from priaseTable where id =?",new String[]{String.valueOf(Id)});
while(curor.moveToFirst())
count = curor.getInt(3); //一共4列
(2)做成一个DAO类单例模式可以很好的对数据库中的表进行操作
(3)增删改查功能跟SQLserver语句一样的但是要注意:不必记太多的android自带的方法
增删改::database.execSQL(sql, info); 直接对数据库进行操作
查询用: database.query(sql, info)用query()方法可以直接返回一个游标进行相关操作