自定义django admin model表单提交

希望可以从对admin提交的密码加密，并验证电话号码均为数字。

查看admin.py

from django.contrib import admin
class courseAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin)

我们自定义的管理类，继承与admin.ModelAdmin

查看对应admin模块对应源码

__init__.py

from django.contrib.admin.options import (
    HORIZONTAL, VERTICAL, ModelAdmin, StackedInline, TabularInline,FaultyAdmin,
)

从django.contrib.admin.options导入 ModelAdmin

options.py ModelAdmin源码比较长，就不全部列出了，看比较关键的地方

def get_urls(self):
        from django.conf.urls import url

        def wrap(view):
            def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
                return self.admin_site.admin_view(view)(*args, **kwargs)
            wrapper.model_admin = self
            return update_wrapper(wrapper, view)

        info = self.model._meta.app_label, self.model._meta.model_name

        urlpatterns = [
            url(r'^$', wrap(self.changelist_view), name='%s_%s_changelist' % info),
            url(r'^add/$', wrap(self.add_view), name='%s_%s_add' % info),
            url(r'^(.+)/history/$', wrap(self.history_view), name='%s_%s_history' % info),
            url(r'^(.+)/delete/$', wrap(self.delete_view), name='%s_%s_delete' % info),
            url(r'^(.+)/change/$', wrap(self.change_view), name='%s_%s_change' % info),
            # For backwards compatibility (was the change url before 1.9)
            url(r'^(.+)/$', wrap(RedirectView.as_view(
                pattern_name='%s:%s_%s_change' % ((self.admin_site.name,) + info)
            ))),
        ]
        return urlpatterns

可以看到add操作，交由add_view函数

 def add_view(self, request, form_url='', extra_context=None):
        return self.changeform_view(request, None, form_url, extra_context)

 @csrf_protect_m
    def changeform_view(self, request, object_id=None, form_url='', extra_context=None):
        with transaction.atomic(using=router.db_for_write(self.model)):
            return self._changeform_view(request, object_id, form_url, extra_context)

    def _changeform_view(self, request, object_id, form_url, extra_context):
        to_field = request.POST.get(TO_FIELD_VAR, request.GET.get(TO_FIELD_VAR))
        if to_field and not self.to_field_allowed(request, to_field):
            raise DisallowedModelAdminToField("The field %s cannot be referenced." % to_field)

        model = self.model
        opts = model._meta

        if request.method == 'POST' and '_saveasnew' in request.POST:
            object_id = None

        add = object_id is None

        if add:
            if not self.has_add_permission(request):
                raise PermissionDenied
            obj = None

        else:
            obj = self.get_object(request, unquote(object_id), to_field)

            if not self.has_change_permission(request, obj):
                raise PermissionDenied

            if obj is None:
                return self._get_obj_does_not_exist_redirect(request, opts, object_id)

        ModelForm = self.get_form(request, obj)
        if request.method == 'POST':
            form = ModelForm(request.POST, request.FILES, instance=obj)
            if form.is_valid():
                form_validated = True
                new_object = self.save_form(request, form, change=not add)
            else:
                form_validated = False
                new_object = form.instance
            formsets, inline_instances = self._create_formsets(request, new_object, change=not add)
            if all_valid(formsets) and form_validated:
                self.save_model(request, new_object, form, not add)
                self.save_related(request, form, formsets, not add)
                change_message = self.construct_change_message(request, form, formsets, add)
                if add:
                    self.log_addition(request, new_object, change_message)
                    return self.response_add(request, new_object)
                else:
                    self.log_change(request, new_object, change_message)
                    return self.response_change(request, new_object)
            else:
                form_validated = False
        else:
            if add:
                initial = self.get_changeform_initial_data(request)
                form = ModelForm(initial=initial)
                formsets, inline_instances = self._create_formsets(request, form.instance, change=False)
            else:
                form = ModelForm(instance=obj)
                formsets, inline_instances = self._create_formsets(request, obj, change=True)

        adminForm = helpers.AdminForm(
            form,
            list(self.get_fieldsets(request, obj)),
            self.get_prepopulated_fields(request, obj),
            self.get_readonly_fields(request, obj),
            model_admin=self)
        media = self.media + adminForm.media

        inline_formsets = self.get_inline_formsets(request, formsets, inline_instances, obj)
        for inline_formset in inline_formsets:
            media = media + inline_formset.media

        context = dict(
            self.admin_site.each_context(request),
            title=(_('Add %s') if add else _('Change %s')) % force_text(opts.verbose_name),
            adminform=adminForm,
            object_id=object_id,
            original=obj,
            is_popup=(IS_POPUP_VAR in request.POST or
                      IS_POPUP_VAR in request.GET),
            to_field=to_field,
            media=media,
            inline_admin_formsets=inline_formsets,
            errors=helpers.AdminErrorList(form, formsets),
            preserved_filters=self.get_preserved_filters(request),
        )

        # Hide the "Save" and "Save and continue" buttons if "Save as New" was
        # previously chosen to prevent the interface from getting confusing.
        if request.method == 'POST' and not form_validated and "_saveasnew" in request.POST:
            context['show_save'] = False
            context['show_save_and_continue'] = False
            # Use the change template instead of the add template.
            add = False

        context.update(extra_context or {})

form = ModelForm(request.POST, request.FILES, instance=obj)

这里找到form表单的内容

form.is_valid()

验证表单内容是否合法，查看这个函数

首先找到ModelForm类

在

django\forms\models.py

class ModelForm(six.with_metaclass(ModelFormMetaclass, BaseModelForm)):
    pass

查看BaseModelForm

class BaseModelForm(BaseForm):

django\forms\forms.py
class BaseForm(object):
    def is_valid(self):
        """
        Returns True if the form has no errors. Otherwise, False. If errors are
        being ignored, returns False.
        """

        return self.is_bound and not self.errors
        @property
    def errors(self):
        "Returns an ErrorDict for the data provided for the form"
        if self._errors is None:
            self.full_clean()
        return self._errors

def full_clean(self):
        """
        Cleans all of self.data and populates self._errors and
        self.cleaned_data.
        """
        self._errors = ErrorDict()
        if not self.is_bound:  # Stop further processing.
            return
        self.cleaned_data = {}
        # If the form is permitted to be empty, and none of the form data has
        # changed from the initial data, short circuit any validation.
        if self.empty_permitted and not self.has_changed():
            return

        self._clean_fields()
        self._clean_form()
        self._post_clean()
    def _clean_fields(self):
        for name, field in self.fields.items():
            # value_from_datadict() gets the data from the data dictionaries.
            # Each widget type knows how to retrieve its own data, because some
            # widgets split data over several HTML fields.
            #print(type(name))
            print(name,field)
            if field.disabled:
                value = self.get_initial_for_field(field, name)
            else:
                value = field.widget.value_from_datadict(self.data, self.files, self.add_prefix(name))
            try:
                if isinstance(field, FileField):
                    initial = self.get_initial_for_field(field, name)
                    value = field.clean(value, initial)
                else:
                    value = field.clean(value)
                self.cleaned_data[name] = value
                if hasattr(self, 'clean_%s' % name):
                    value = getattr(self, 'clean_%s' % name)()
                    self.cleaned_data[name] = value
            except ValidationError as e:
                #print(e)
                self.add_error(name, e)

上面列出函数在表单验证的过程中，顺序调用，可以看到添加错误的主要函数为_clean_fields，虽然没有继续仔细查看，但感觉关键在于field.clean(value)，对应的field在我们声明对应model类时会保存相应字段的信息，这里做检查，如果不符合，则raise ValidationError，符合的haul就把新的数据放入到表单的cleaned_data中。

这一段来自官网的教程，这里指出错误信息的关键字包括，null, blank, invalid, invalid_choice, unique, and unique_for_date。刚才的clean函数应该就是检查这些地方。

The error_messages argument lets you override the default messages that the field will raise. Pass in a dictionary with keys matching the error messages you want to override.
Error message keys include null, blank, invalid, invalid_choice, unique, and unique_for_date. Additional error message keys are specified for each field in the Field types section below.

到了这一部，基本已经可以达到目的了，我们可以看到
self.add_error函数。

然后回到options.py的ModelAdmin,我们可以写一个类继承ModelAdmin，然后重写新类的_changeform_view函数，避免对其它部分造成影响。

重写部分如下：

if form.is_valid():
                form_validated = True
                if not re.match('\d+',form.data['tel']):
                    form_validated=False
                    form.add_error('tel','电话号码必须为纯数字')
                if not re.match('\d+',form.data['number']):
                    form_validated=False
                    form.add_error('number','学工号必须为纯数字')
                if not form_validated:
                    new_object=form.instance
                else:
                    passw=form.data['password']
                    m=md5()
                    m.update(passw.encode('utf-8'))
                    form.data['password']=m.hexdigest()
                    new_object = self.save_form(request, form, change=not add)