习题39 字典,可爱的字典

学习目标：

ex39.py

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学习内容：

#create a mapping of state to abbreviation
states = {
   'Oregon': 'OR',
   'Florida': 'FL',
   'California': 'CA',
   'New York': 'NY',
   'Michigan': 'MI'
   }

# create a basic set of states and some cities in them
cities = {
   'CA': 'San Francisco',
   'MI': 'Detroit',
   'FL': 'Jacksonville'
}

# add some more cities
cities['NY'] = 'New York'
cities['OR'] = 'Portland'

#print out some cities
print('-' * 10)
print("NY state has: ",cities['NY'] )
print("OR State has: ",cities['OR'] )

#print some states
print('-' * 10)
print("Michigan's abbreviation is: ", states['Michigan'])
print("Florida's abbreviation is: ",states['Florida'])

#do it by uesing the state then cities dict
print('-' * 10)
print("Michigan has: ",cities[states["Michigan"]])
print("Florida has: ",cities[states['Florida']])

#print every state abbreviation
print('-' * 10)
for state, abbrev in list(states.items()):
    print(f"{state} is abbreviated {abbrev}")
#items()返回一个包含字典所有键值对的元组列,每一个元组都包含两个元素：第一个元素为该键值对的键，第二个元素为该键值对的值。
#print every city in state
print('-' * 10)
for abbrev, city in list(cities.items()):
    print(f"{abbrev} has the city {city}")
#list()元组转换成列表
# now do both at the same time
print('-' * 10)
for state, abbrev in list(states.items()):
    print(f"(state) state is abbreviated {abbrev}")
    print(f"and has city {cities[abbrev]}")

print('-' * 10)
#safely get a abbreviation by state that might not be there
state = states.get('Texas')

if not state:
    print("Sorry, no Texas.")
#get()键,如果键在返回值,不在返回None
# get a city with a default value
city = cities.get('TX', 'Does Not Exist')
print(f"The city for the state 'TX' is: {city}")
#get('TX', 'Does Not Exist')如果键不在,返回值Does Not Exist

NY state has:  New York
OR State has:  Portland
----------
Michigan's abbreviation is:  MI
Florida's abbreviation is:  FL
----------
Michigan has:  Detroit
Florida has:  Jacksonville
----------
Oregon is abbreviated OR
Florida is abbreviated FL
California is abbreviated CA
New York is abbreviated NY
Michigan is abbreviated MI
----------
CA has the city San Francisco
MI has the city Detroit
FL has the city Jacksonville
NY has the city New York
OR has the city Portland
----------
(state) state is abbreviated OR
and has city Portland
(state) state is abbreviated FL
and has city Jacksonville
(state) state is abbreviated CA
and has city San Francisco
(state) state is abbreviated NY
and has city New York
(state) state is abbreviated MI
and has city Detroit
----------
Sorry, no Texas.
The city for the state 'TX' is: Does Not Exist

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学习时间：

2023.4.24

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学习产出：

ex39.py