下载示例

添加依赖

implementation 'com.squareup.okhttp3:okhttp:3.10.0'

添加权限

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>

新建回调接口DownloadListener 

public interface DownloadListener {
    void onProgress(int progress);

    void onSuccess();

    void onFailed();

    void onPaused();

    void onCanceled();
}

新建DownloadTask

为保证DownloadTask可以一直在后台运行，创建下载服务

/**
 * String 表示在执行AsyncTask的时候需要传入String参数给后台任务
 * Integer 泛型参数指定为Integer，表示使用整型数据作为进度显示单位
 * Integer 泛型参数指定为Integer，表示使用Integer数据来反馈执行结果
 */
public class DownloadTask extends AsyncTask<String, Integer, Integer> {
    public static final int TYPE_SUCCESS = 0;
    public static final int TYPE_FAILED = 1;
    public static final int TYPE_PAUSED = 2;
    public static final int TYPE_CANCELED = 3;
    private DownloadListener listener = null;
    private boolean isCanceled = false;
    private boolean isPaused = false;
    private int lastProgress = 0;

    public DownloadTask(DownloadListener listener) {
        this.listener = listener;
    }

    @Override
    //具体的下载逻辑
    protected Integer doInBackground(String... params) {
        InputStream is = null;
        RandomAccessFile savedFile = null;
        File file = null;
        try {
            //已下载文件的长度
            long downloadedlength = 0;
            //下载的URL地址
            String downloadUrl = params[0];
            //解析出下载的文件名
            String fileName = downloadUrl.substring(downloadUrl.lastIndexOf("/"));
            //将文件下载到Environment.DIRECTORY_DOWNLOADS目录下，SD卡的Download目录
            String directory = Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_DOWNLOADS).getPath();
            file = new File(directory + fileName);
            //Download目录下是否已经存在要下载的文件
            if (file.exists()) {
                //读取已下载的字节数，方便后面启动断点续传功能
                downloadedlength = file.length();
            }
            //获取待下载文件的总长度
            long contentLength = getContentLength(downloadUrl);
            if (contentLength == 0) {//文件有问题
                return TYPE_FAILED;
            } else if (contentLength == downloadedlength) {
                //已下载字节和文件总字节相等，说明下载完成
                return TYPE_SUCCESS;
            }
            OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient();
            Request request = new Request.Builder()
                    //告诉服务器我们想要从哪个字节开始下载，已下载过的就不需要重新下载了
                    .addHeader("RANGE", "bytes=" + downloadedlength + "-")
                    .url(downloadUrl)
                    .build();
            Response response = client.newCall(request).execute();
            if (response != null) {
                //以Java文件流的方式，读取服务器的响应数据
                is = response.body().byteStream();
                savedFile = new RandomAccessFile(file, "rw");
                //跳过已下载的字节
                savedFile.seek(downloadedlength);
                byte[] b = new byte[1024];
                int total = 0;
                int len;
                //不断从网络读取数据，不断写入到本地，直到文件下载完成
                while ((len = is.read(b)) != -1) {
                    //判断用户有没有触发暂停或取消操作，如果有返回相应类型，中断下载
                    if (isCanceled) {
                        return TYPE_CANCELED;
                    } else if (isPaused) {
                        return TYPE_PAUSED;
                    } else {
                        //如果没有，实时计算当前的下载进度
                        total += len;
                        savedFile.write(b, 0, len);
                        //计算已下载的百分比
                        int progress = (int) ((total + downloadedlength) * 100 / contentLength);
                        //通知当前的下载进度
                        publishProgress(progress);
                    }
                }
                response.body().close();
                return TYPE_SUCCESS;
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            try {
                if (is != null) {
                    is.close();
                }
                if (savedFile != null) {
                    savedFile.close();
                }
                if (isCanceled && file != null) {
                    file.delete();
                }
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        return TYPE_FAILED;
    }

    @Override
    //在界面上更新当前的下载进度
    protected void onProgressUpdate(Integer... values) {
        // 获取当前的下载进度
        int progress = values[0];
        // 和上一次的下载进度进行对比，
        if (progress > lastProgress) {
            //如果有变化通知下载进度
            listener.onProgress(progress);
            lastProgress = progress;
        }
    }

    @Override
    //通知最终的下载结果
    protected void onPostExecute(Integer status) {
        switch (status) {
            case TYPE_SUCCESS:
                listener.onSuccess();
                break;
            case TYPE_FAILED:
                listener.onFailed();
                break;
            case TYPE_PAUSED:
                listener.onPaused();
                break;
            case TYPE_CANCELED:
                listener.onCanceled();
                break;
            default:
                break;
        }
    }

    public void pauseDownload(){
        isPaused = true;
    }
    public void cancelDownload(){
        isCanceled = true;
    }
    private long getContentLength(String downloadUrl) {
        OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient();
        Request request = new Request.Builder()
                .url(downloadUrl)
                .build();
        try {
            Response response = client.newCall(request).execute();
            if (response!=null&&response.isSuccessful()){
                long contentLength = response.body().contentLength();
                response.body().close();
                return contentLength;
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return 0;
    }
}

DownloadService

public class DownloadService extends Service {
    private DownloadTask downloadTask;
    private String downloadUrl;
    private DownloadListener listener = new DownloadListener() {
        @Override
        public void onProgress(int progress) {
            //调用getNotification方法构建一个用于显示下载进度的通知，getNotificationManager().notify()触发这个通知
            getNotificationManager().notify(1, getNotification("Download...", progress));
        }

        @Override
        public void onSuccess() {
            downloadTask = null;
            //下载成功时将前台服务通知关闭，并创建一个下载成功的通知
            stopForeground(true);
            getNotificationManager().notify(1, getNotification("Download Success", -1));
            Toast.makeText(DownloadService.this, "Download Success", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
        }

        @Override
        public void onFailed() {
            downloadTask = null;
            //下载失败时将前台服务通知关闭，并创建一个下载失败的通知
            stopForeground(true);
            getNotificationManager().notify(1, getNotification("Download Faild", -1));
            Toast.makeText(DownloadService.this, "Download Faild", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
        }

        @Override
        public void onPaused() {
            downloadTask = null;
            Toast.makeText(DownloadService.this, "Paused", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
        }

        @Override
        public void onCanceled() {
            downloadTask = null;
            stopForeground(true);
            Toast.makeText(DownloadService.this, "Canceled", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
        }
    };
    private DownloadBinder mbinder = new DownloadBinder();

    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
        return mbinder;
    }
    //让DownloadService和活动可以进行通信
    class DownloadBinder extends Binder {
        public void startDownload(String url) {
            if (downloadTask == null) {
                downloadUrl = url;
                downloadTask = new DownloadTask(listener);
                //开始下载
                downloadTask.execute(downloadUrl);
                //前台服务
                startForeground(1, getNotification("Download...", 0));
                Toast.makeText(DownloadService.this, "Download...", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
            }
        }

        public void pauseDownload() {
            if (downloadTask != null) {
                downloadTask.pauseDownload();
            }
        }

        public void cancelDownload() {
            if (downloadTask != null) {
                downloadTask.cancelDownload();
            } else {
                if (downloadUrl != null) {
                    //取消下载时需要将文件删除，并将通知关闭
                    String fileName = downloadUrl.substring(downloadUrl.lastIndexOf("/"));
                    String directory = Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_DOWNLOADS).getPath();
                    File file = new File(directory + fileName);
                    //Download目录下是否已经存在要下载的文件
                    if (file.exists()) {
                        file.delete();
                    }
                    getNotificationManager().cancel(1);
                    stopForeground(true);
                    Toast.makeText(DownloadService.this, "Canceled", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
                }
            }
        }
    }

    public DownloadService() {
    }

    private NotificationManager getNotificationManager() {
        return (NotificationManager) getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
    }

    private Notification getNotification(String title, int progress) {
        Intent intent = new Intent(this, MainActivity.class);
        PendingIntent pi = PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 0, intent, 0);
        NotificationCompat.Builder builder = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this);
        if (android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {//判断是否是8.0Android.O
            String channelID = "1";
            String channelName = "channel_name";
            NotificationChannel channel = new NotificationChannel(channelID, channelName, NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_HIGH);
            channel.setLightColor(Color.GREEN);
            channel.enableVibration(true);
            getNotificationManager().createNotificationChannel(channel);
            builder.setChannelId(channelID);//该句适配android 8.0 版本
        }
        builder.setSmallIcon(R.mipmap.ic_launcher)
                .setContentTitle(title)
                .setWhen(System.currentTimeMillis())
                .setOngoing(true)//设置是否是一个正在执行的通知
                .setContentIntent(pi);
        if (progress >= 0) {
            //当progress>=0时显示进度
            builder.setContentText(progress + "%");
            //100 通知的最进度  progress当前进度  是否使用模糊进度条
            builder.setProgress(100, progress, false);
        }
        //设置为前台服务，必须绑定一个notification对象，实际上也就是说如果你想做持久化的Service就得让用户知道，PID是自定义的整数表明notification的ID
        return builder.build();
    }
}

Mainactivity

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener {
    private DownloadService.DownloadBinder downloadBinder;
    private ServiceConnection connection = new ServiceConnection() {
        @Override
        public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName componentName, IBinder service) {
            downloadBinder = (DownloadService.DownloadBinder) service;
        }

        @Override
        public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName componentName) {

        }
    };

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        AppCompatButton startDownload = findViewById(R.id.start_download);
        AppCompatButton pauseDownload = findViewById(R.id.pause_download);
        AppCompatButton cancelDownload = findViewById(R.id.cancel_download);
        startDownload.setOnClickListener(this);
        pauseDownload.setOnClickListener(this);
        cancelDownload.setOnClickListener(this);
        Intent intent = new Intent(this, DownloadService.class);
        //启动服务
        startService(intent);
        //绑定服务
        bindService(intent, connection, BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
        if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(MainActivity.this, Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(MainActivity.this, new String[]{Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE}, 1);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void onClick(View view) {
        if (downloadBinder == null){
            return;
        }
        switch (view.getId()){
            case R.id.start_download:
                String url = "要下载的地址";
                downloadBinder.startDownload(url);
                break;
            case R.id.pause_download:
                downloadBinder.pauseDownload();
                break;
            case R.id.cancel_download:
                downloadBinder.cancelDownload();
                break;
            default:
                break;

        }
    }

    @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
        switch (requestCode) {
            case 1:
                if(grantResults.length>0&&grantResults[0]!=PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED){
                    Toast.makeText(this,"拒绝程序将无法使用程序",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
                    finish();
                }
                break;
            default:
                break;
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        unbindService(connection);
    }
}

运行结果