SpringCloud-熔断器Hystrix

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已于 2022-12-12 17:44:36 修改

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分类专栏： # JAVA-SpringCloud 文章标签： hystrix

于 2020-05-25 15:17:54 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/zsx1314lovezyf/article/details/106333914

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SpringCloud-熔断器Hystrix

项目结构

在这里插入图片描述

父工程(每一个服务都是一个子工程)

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.xiaoge.demo</groupId>
    <artifactId>hystrix-demo</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <modules>
        <module>user-service</module>
        <module>consumer-demo</module>
        <module>eureka-server</module>
    </modules>
    <packaging>pom</packaging>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.0.4.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <spring-cloud.version>Finchley.SR1</spring-cloud.version>
        <mapper.starter.version>2.0.3</mapper.starter.version>
        <mysql.version>5.1.32</mysql.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencyManagement> <!-- 所有子工程, 必须引下面的依赖才会有 -->
        <dependencies>
            <!-- spring cloud 引用了它, 以后cloud依赖版本就不用写了 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>

            <!-- 通用Mapper启动器 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>tk.mybatis</groupId>
                <artifactId>mapper-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
                <version>${mapper.starter.version}</version>
            </dependency>

            <!-- mysql驱动 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>mysql</groupId>
                <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
                <version>${mysql.version}</version>
            </dependency>

        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <dependencies> <!-- 因为不会再dependencyManagement标签里, 所以所有的子工程都可以用 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

consumer-demo服务

配置文件

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>hystrix-demo</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.xiaoge.demo</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>consumer-demo</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!-- 引入eureka客户端依赖 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!-- 引入负载均衡 ribbon -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-ribbon</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!-- 导入hystrix依赖 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

</project>

application.yml

server:
  port: 8088
spring:
  # 在eureka中注册的服务名称
  application:
    name: consumer-service

# 注册方
# eureka配置 因为它要去注册中心注册, 所以要配置
eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://127.0.0.1:10086/eureka, http://127.0.0.1:10087/eureka # 配置所有的eureka地址, 防止其中一个eureka挂掉
    registry-fetch-interval-seconds: 3 # 设置拉取服务列表的周期 为3秒
    fetch-registry: true # 默认为true 拉取列表, 改为false 不拉取
  instance:
    prefer-ip-address: true # 我希望使用ip地址
    ip-address: 127.0.0.1 # 设置ip地址
# 对那个服务实现负载均衡
user-service: # 对user-service服务 (服务名称)
  ribbon: # 固定写法
    NFLoadBalancerRuleClassName: com.netflix.loadbalancer.RandomRule # 使用负载均衡随机算法, 默认是轮询

# 设置hystrix的默认指令
hystrix:
  command:
    default:
      execution:
        isolation:
          thread:
            timeoutInMilliseconds: 3000  # 设置全局方法 的 超时 时间 为 3秒  超过  3秒  执行错误方法
    # user-service: # 只针对一个的时候  （这里写服务名称 或者 方法名称）
    #   execution:
    #     isolation:
    #       thread:
    #         timeoutInMilliseconds: 3000  # 设置全局方法 的 超时 时间 为 3秒  超过  3秒  执行错误方法

启动类

ConsumerApplication

package com.xiaoge;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.SpringCloudApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.circuitbreaker.EnableCircuitBreaker;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

/**
 * @program: cloud-demo
 * @description: 服务调用方
 * @author: Mr.Xiao
 * @create: 2020-05-04 16:04
 **/
// @EnableCircuitBreaker // hystrix注解
// @EnableDiscoveryClient // 它也是客户端, 它捷能兼容eureka 又能consul、zookeeper等等, 更通用, 更广泛
// @SpringBootApplication

@SpringCloudApplication // 它的功能就是上面三个注解的功能
public class ConsumerApplication {

    @Bean
    @LoadBalanced // 加上ribbon 负载均衡注解
    public RestTemplate restTemplate() {
        return new RestTemplate();
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ConsumerApplication.class);
    }

}

实体类

User

package com.xiaoge.Consumer.pojo;

import lombok.Data;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Date;

/**
 * @program: cloud-demo
 * @description:
 * @author: Mr.Xiao
 * @create: 2020-05-04 16:06
 **/
@Data
public class User implements Serializable {
    // 主键
    private Long id;

    // 用户名
    private String username;

    // 密码
    private String password;

    // 姓名
    private String name;

    // 年龄
    private Integer age;

    // 性别，1男性，2女性
    private Integer sex;

    // 出生日期
    private Date birthday;

    // 创建时间
    private Date created;

    // 更新时间
    private Date updated;

    // 备注
    private String note;

}

表现层

ConsumerController

package com.xiaoge.Consumer.controller;

import com.netflix.hystrix.contrib.javanica.annotation.DefaultProperties;
import com.netflix.hystrix.contrib.javanica.annotation.HystrixCommand;
import com.netflix.hystrix.contrib.javanica.annotation.HystrixProperty;
import com.xiaoge.Consumer.pojo.User;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.DiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.ribbon.RibbonLoadBalancerClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * @program: cloud-demo
 * @description: 动态拉取服务列表
 * @author: Mr.Xiao
 * @create: 2020-05-04 16:08
 **/
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/consumer")
@DefaultProperties(defaultFallback = "defaultFallback") // 针对这个类下面的所有方法
public class ConsumerController {

    @Autowired
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

    @Autowired
    private DiscoveryClient discoveryClient; // 专门负责服务发现

    //@Autowired
    //private RibbonLoadBalancerClient client; // 专门负责 负载均衡 获取服务的


    /*
        @GetMapping("/{id}")
        public User queryById(@PathVariable("id") Long id){
            // 负载均衡算法: 随机, 轮询. hash

            // 1. 在注册restTemplate上加注解@LoadBalanced

            // 2. 直接写路径
            String url = "http://user-service/user/" + id;
            User user = restTemplate.getForObject(url, User.class);
            return user;
        }
    */

    @GetMapping("/{id}")
    /*
         @HystrixCommand(fallbackMethod = "queryByIdFallback") // 开启服务的线程隔离 和 降级处理 和指定错误方法 (只是针对这个方法)

         @HystrixCommand(commandProperties = {  HystrixCommand 开启线程隔离 和 降级处理
                 @HystrixProperty(name = "execution.isolation.thread.timeoutInMilliseconds", value = "3000") // 设置超时时长3秒, 3秒没有响应, 执行错误方法
         })  类上面配置了错误方法, 我这里只需要  开启线程隔离 和 降级处理 和 给这个方法设置超时时长

         想要整体配置只能写在 配置文件里
    */

    // @HystrixCommand  开启线程隔离 和 降级处理
    @HystrixCommand(
            commandProperties = {
                    // 设置断路器请求量预值, 每10次统计一次
                    @HystrixProperty(name = "circuitBreaker.requestVolumeThreshold", value = "10"),
                    // 休眠时间窗 10秒
                    @HystrixProperty(name = "circuitBreaker.sleepWindowInMilliseconds", value = "10000"),
                    // 错误百分比 60%
                    @HystrixProperty(name = "circuitBreaker.errorThresholdPercentage", value = "60"),

            }
    )
    public String queryById(@PathVariable("id") Long id){
        // 负载均衡算法: 随机, 轮询. hash

        // 1. 在注册restTemplate上加注解@LoadBalanced

        // 2. 直接写路径
        if (id % 2 == 0) {
            throw new RuntimeException("");
        }
        String url = "http://user-service/user/" + id;
        String user = restTemplate.getForObject(url, String.class);
        return user;
    }

    /**
     * 调用失败时, 启动的方法 (这个方法必须跟成功的方法的  返回值  参数列表  必须完全一样  因为是一对一的)
     * @param id
     * @return
     */
    /*public String queryByIdFallback(@PathVariable("id") Long id){
        return "不好意思, 服务器太拥挤了!";
    }*/

    /**
     * 因为类上面写的是通用的错误方法, 所以这里不能写参数, 返回值写String就行了.
     * @return
     */
    public String defaultFallback(){
        return "不好意思, 服务器太拥挤了!";
    }

}

eureka-server服务

配置文件

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>hystrix-demo</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.xiaoge.demo</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>eureka-server</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <!-- springcloud 注册中心 eureka -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

application.yml

# 这是eureka的默认端口号
server:
  port: 10086

# 配置eureka服务名称
spring:
  application:
    name: eureka-server

# 注册方
# 告诉eureka要注册的地址在哪里 (这样eureka就不会报一个com.sun.jersey.api.client.ClientHandlerException异常)
eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://127.0.0.1:10086/eureka # 配置所有的eureka地址, 防止其中一个eureka挂掉
    register-with-eureka: false  # 默认为true 注册自己, 改为false 不 注册自己
  instance:
    prefer-ip-address: true # 我希望使用ip地址
    ip-address: 127.0.0.1 # 设置ip地址
  server:
    eviction-interval-timer-in-ms: 60000 # 设置eureka失效剔除时长, 每隔60秒失效剔除一次, 失效剔除挂掉的eureka

启动类

EurekaServer

package com.xiaoge;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.server.EnableEurekaServer;

/**
 * @program: cloud-demo
 * @description: EurekaServer端
 * @author: Mr.Xiao
 * @create: 2020-05-04 16:34
 **/
@EnableEurekaServer // 启动Eureka服务
@SpringBootApplication
public class EurekaServer {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(EurekaServer.class);
    }

}

user-service服务

配置文件

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>hystrix-demo</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.xiaoge.demo</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>user-service</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>tk.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mapper-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!-- 引入eureka(注册中心)-客户端 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

application.yml

server:
  port: 9090
spring:
  # 在eureka中注册的服务名称
  application:
    name: user-service
  # 数据库连接信息配置
  datasource:
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/yun6
    username: root
    password: root
    hikari:
      maximum-pool-size: 20
      minimum-idle: 10
# 别名包
mybatis:
  type-aliases-package: com.xiaoge.user.pojo

# 注册方
# eureka配置 因为它要去注册中心注册, 所以要配置
eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://127.0.0.1:10086/eureka, http://127.0.0.1:10087/eureka # 配置所有的eureka地址, 防止其中一个eureka挂掉
  instance:
    prefer-ip-address: true # 我希望使用ip地址
    ip-address: 127.0.0.1 # 设置ip地址
    lease-renewal-interval-in-seconds: 30 # 每隔30秒发一次心跳
    lease-expiration-duration-in-seconds: 90 # 每隔30秒发一次心跳, 如果隔了90秒都没发, 那就证明挂了

启动类

UserApplication

package com.xiaoge;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
import tk.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;

/**
 * @program: cloud-demo
 * @description: 服务的提供方
 * @author: Mr.Xiao
 * @create: 2020-05-04 15:43
 **/
@EnableDiscoveryClient // 它也是客户端, 它捷能兼容eureka 又能consul、zookeeper等等, 更通用, 更广泛
@SpringBootApplication
@MapperScan("com.xiaoge.user.mapper")
public class UserApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(UserApplication.class);
    }

}

实体类

User

package com.xiaoge.user.pojo;

import lombok.Data;
import tk.mybatis.mapper.annotation.KeySql;

import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Date;

/**
 * @program: cloud-demo
 * @description:
 * @author: Mr.Xiao
 * @create: 2020-05-04 15:46
 **/
@Table(name = "tb_user")
@Data
public class User implements Serializable {

    @Id
    @KeySql(useGeneratedKeys = true) // id自动增长
    private Long id;

    // 用户名
    private String username;

    // 密码
    private String password;

    // 姓名
    private String name;

    // 年龄
    private Integer age;

    // 性别，1男性，2女性
    private Integer sex;

    // 出生日期
    private Date birthday;

    // 创建时间
    private Date created;

    // 更新时间
    private Date updated;

    // 备注
    private String note;

}

表现层

UserController

package com.xiaoge.user.controller;

import com.xiaoge.user.pojo.User;
import com.xiaoge.user.service.UserService;
import org.apache.tomcat.jni.Time;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

/**
 * @program: cloud-demo
 * @description:
 * @author: Mr.Xiao
 * @create: 2020-05-04 15:51
 **/
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {

    @Autowired
    private UserService userService;

    @GetMapping("/{id}")
    public User queryById(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {
        User user = userService.queryById(id);
        return user;
    }

}

业务层

UserService接口

package com.xiaoge.user.service;

import com.xiaoge.user.pojo.User;

/**
 * @program: cloud-demo
 * @description:
 * @author: Mr.Xiao
 * @create: 2020-05-04 15:50
 **/
public interface UserService {

    public User queryById(Long id);

}

UserServiceImpl实体类

package com.xiaoge.user.service.impl;

import com.xiaoge.user.mapper.UserMapper;
import com.xiaoge.user.pojo.User;
import com.xiaoge.user.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

/**
 * @program: cloud-demo
 * @description:
 * @author: Mr.Xiao
 * @create: 2020-05-04 15:51
 **/
@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {

    @Autowired
    private UserMapper userMapper;

    @Override
    public User queryById(Long id) {
        return userMapper.selectByPrimaryKey(id);
    }
}

Mapper

UserMapper

package com.xiaoge.user.mapper;


import com.xiaoge.user.pojo.User;
import tk.mybatis.mapper.common.Mapper;

/**
 * @program: cloud-demo
 * @description:
 * @author: Mr.Xiao
 * @create: 2020-05-04 15:49
 **/

public interface UserMapper extends Mapper<User> {
}