bbed处理一个坏块的过程

在备份过程中遇到一个坏块，报错如下：
RMAN>  backup database format='/home/ora10g/backup/dbfull_%U.bak';

Starting backup at 2013-09-14
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=147 devtype=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
input datafile fno=00001 name=/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCL/system01.dbf
input datafile fno=00003 name=/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCL/sysaux01.dbf
input datafile fno=00005 name=/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCL/test01.dbf
input datafile fno=00002 name=/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCL/undotbs01.dbf
input datafile fno=00004 name=/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCL/users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 2013-09-14
RMAN-03009: failure of backup command on ORA_DISK_1 channel at 09/14/2013 21:04:45
ORA-19566: exceeded limit of 0 corrupt blocks for file /opt/oracle/oradata/ORCL/test01.dbf
continuing other job steps, job failed will not be re-run
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
including current control file in backupset
including current SPFILE in backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 2013-09-14
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 2013-09-14
piece handle=/home/ora10g/backup/dbfull_02ojrvfd_1_1.bak tag=TAG20130914T210441 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:05
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-03009: failure of backup command on ORA_DISK_1 channel at 09/14/2013 21:04:45
ORA-19566: exceeded limit of 0 corrupt blocks for file /opt/oracle/oradata/ORCL/test01.dbf

Hex dump of (file 5, block 22) in trace file /opt/oracle/admin/ORCL/udump/orcl_ora_8007.trc
Corrupt block relative dba: 0x01400016 (file 5, block 22)  --可以看到坏块是file 5 block 22
Fractured block found during backing up datafile
Data in bad block:
 type: 6 format: 2 rdba: 0x01400016
 last change scn: 0x0000.00000000 seq: 0x2 flg: 0x04
 spare1: 0x0 spare2: 0x0 spare3: 0x0
 consistency value in tail: 0x000006ff
 check value in block header: 0xbfa1
 computed block checksum: 0x0
从报错信息可以看出是由于tail值和实际的值不一样。
tail应该是scn后四位加type加seq，用bbed修改如下：

BBED> set file 5 block 22
        FILE#           5
        BLOCK#          22

BBED> verify
DBVERIFY - Verification starting
FILE = /opt/oracle/oradata/ORCL/test01.dbf
BLOCK = 22

Block 22 is corrupt
Corrupt block relative dba: 0x01400016 (file 0, block 22)
Fractured block found during verification
Data in bad block:
 type: 6 format: 2 rdba: 0x01400016
 last change scn: 0x0000.00000000 seq: 0x2 flg: 0x04
 spare1: 0x0 spare2: 0x0 spare3: 0x0
 consistency value in tail: 0x000006ff
 check value in block header: 0xbfa1
 computed block checksum: 0x0

DBVERIFY - Verification complete

Total Blocks Examined         : 1
Total Blocks Processed (Data) : 0
Total Blocks Failing   (Data) : 0
Total Blocks Processed (Index): 0
Total Blocks Failing   (Index): 0
Total Blocks Empty            : 0
Total Blocks Marked Corrupt   : 1  --被标记为坏块
Total Blocks Influx           : 2
BBED> p tailchk
ub4 tailchk                                 @8188     0x000006ff

BBED> modify /x 0206 offset 8188
Warning: contents of previous BIFILE will be lost. Proceed? (Y/N) y
 File: /opt/oracle/oradata/ORCL/test01.dbf (5)
 Block: 22               Offsets: 8188 to 8191           Dba:0x01400016
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 02060000

 <32 bytes per line>

BBED> sum apply
Check value for File 5, Block 22:
current = 0xbf5c, required = 0xbf5c

BBED> p tailchk
ub4 tailchk                                 @8188     0x00000602

BBED> verify
DBVERIFY - Verification starting
FILE = /opt/oracle/oradata/ORCL/test01.dbf
BLOCK = 22

DBVERIFY - Verification complete

Total Blocks Examined         : 1
Total Blocks Processed (Data) : 1
Total Blocks Failing   (Data) : 0
Total Blocks Processed (Index): 0
Total Blocks Failing   (Index): 0
Total Blocks Empty            : 0
Total Blocks Marked Corrupt   : 0 --坏块已消失
Total Blocks Influx           : 0