windows滚动条

今天自己写了《windows程序设计》184页的用键盘控制滚动条显示程序，对滚动条显示有点感悟，留个纪念！

代码如下：

#include <Windows.h>
#include <math.h>
#include "SYSMETS.h"

LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hwnd,UINT message,WPARAM wParam,LPARAM lParam);

int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,PSTR szCmdLine,int iCmdShow)
{
	static TCHAR szAppName[]=TEXT("First Program");
	MSG msg;
	HWND hwnd;
	WNDCLASS wndclass;

	wndclass.style=CS_HREDRAW|CS_VREDRAW;
	wndclass.lpfnWndProc=WndProc;
	wndclass.cbClsExtra=0;
	wndclass.cbWndExtra=0;
	wndclass.hInstance=hInstance;
	wndclass.hIcon=LoadIcon(NULL,IDI_APPLICATION);
	wndclass.hCursor=LoadCursor(NULL,IDC_ARROW);
	wndclass.hbrBackground=(HBRUSH)GetStockObject(WHITE_BRUSH);
	wndclass.lpszMenuName=NULL;
	wndclass.lpszClassName=szAppName;

	if (!RegisterClass(&wndclass))
	{
		MessageBox(hwnd,TEXT("Error exists!"),TEXT("Error!"),MB_ICONERROR);
		return 0;
	}

	hwnd=CreateWindow(szAppName,TEXT("Hello World!"),WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW|WS_HSCROLL|WS_VSCROLL,CW_USEDEFAULT,CW_USEDEFAULT,CW_USEDEFAULT,
		CW_USEDEFAULT,NULL,NULL,hInstance,NULL);

	ShowWindow(hwnd,iCmdShow);
	UpdateWindow(hwnd);

	while (GetMessage(&msg,hwnd,0,0))
	{
		TranslateMessage(&msg);
		DispatchMessage(&msg);
	}

	return msg.wParam;
}

LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hwnd,UINT message,WPARAM wParam,LPARAM lParam)
{
	static int cxChar,cyChar,cxCaps,cxClient,cyClient;
	int iVertPos,x,y,i,iPaintBeg,iPaintEnd;
	TCHAR szBuffer[20];
	HDC hdc;
	PAINTSTRUCT ps;
	TEXTMETRIC tm;
	SCROLLINFO si;

	switch(message)
	{
	case WM_CREATE:
		hdc=GetDC(hwnd);

		GetTextMetrics(hdc,&tm);
		cxChar=tm.tmAveCharWidth;
		cyChar=tm.tmHeight+tm.tmExternalLeading;
		cxCaps=(tm.tmPitchAndFamily&1?3:2)*cxChar/2;
		ReleaseDC(hwnd,hdc);
		return 0;

	case WM_SIZE:
		cxClient=LOWORD(lParam);
		cyClient=HIWORD(lParam);
		si.cbSize=sizeof(si);
		si.fMask=SIF_RANGE|SIF_PAGE;
		si.nMin=0;
		si.nMax=NUMLINES-1;
		si.nPage=cyClient/cyChar;
		SetScrollInfo(hwnd,SB_VERT,&si,TRUE);
		return 0;

	case WM_VSCROLL:
		si.cbSize=sizeof(si);
		si.fMask=SIF_ALL;
		GetScrollInfo(hwnd,SB_VERT,&si);
		iVertPos=si.nPos;

		switch(LOWORD(wParam))
		{
		case SB_TOP:
			si.nPos=si.nMin;
			break;

		case SB_BOTTOM:
			si.nPos=si.nMax;
			break;

		case SB_PAGEUP:
			si.nPos-=si.nPage;
			break;

		case SB_PAGEDOWN:
			si.nPos+=si.nPage;
			break;

		case SB_LINEUP:
			si.nPos-=1;
			break;

		case SB_LINEDOWN:
			si.nPos+=1;
			break;

		case SB_THUMBTRACK:
			si.nPos=si.nTrackPos;
			break;

		default:
			break;
		}
		si.cbSize=sizeof(si);
		si.fMask=SIF_POS;
		SetScrollInfo(hwnd,SB_VERT,&si,TRUE);
		GetScrollInfo(hwnd,SB_VERT,&si);
		if (si.nPos!=iVertPos)
		{
			ScrollWindow(hwnd,0,cyChar*(iVertPos-si.nPos),NULL,NULL);
			UpdateWindow(hwnd);
		}
		return 0;

	case WM_KEYDOWN:
		switch(wParam)
		{
		case VK_UP:
			SendMessage(hwnd,WM_VSCROLL,SB_LINEUP,0);
			break;

		case VK_DOWN:
			SendMessage(hwnd,WM_VSCROLL,SB_LINEDOWN,0);
			break;

		case VK_PRIOR:
			SendMessage(hwnd,WM_VSCROLL,SB_PAGEUP,0);
			break;

		case VK_NEXT:
			SendMessage(hwnd,WM_VSCROLL,SB_PAGEDOWN,0);
			break;

		default:
			break;
		}
		return 0; 
     //关键代码
	case WM_PAINT:
		si.cbSize=sizeof(si);
		si.fMask=SIF_ALL;
		GetScrollInfo(hwnd,SB_VERT,&si);
		iVertPos=si.nPos;
	   
		hdc=BeginPaint(hwnd,&ps);
		iPaintBeg=max(0,si.nPos+ps.rcPaint.top/cyChar);
		iPaintEnd=min(si.nMax,si.nPos+ps.rcPaint.bottom/cyChar);

		for (i=iPaintBeg;i<=iPaintEnd;i++)
		{
			y=cyChar*(i-iVertPos);

			TextOut(hdc,0,y,sysmetrics[i].szLabel,lstrlen(sysmetrics[i].szLabel));
			TextOut(hdc,22*cxCaps,y,sysmetrics[i].szDesc,lstrlen(sysmetrics[i].szDesc));
			SetTextAlign(hdc,TA_TOP|TA_RIGHT);
			TextOut(hdc,60*cxCaps,y,szBuffer,wsprintf(szBuffer,TEXT("%5d"),GetSystemMetrics(sysmetrics[i].Index)));
			SetTextAlign(hdc,TA_LEFT|TA_TOP);
		}
		EndPaint(hwnd,&ps);
		return 0;

	case WM_DESTROY:
		PostQuitMessage(0);
		return 0;
	}

	return DefWindowProc(hwnd,message,wParam,lParam);
}

原来我老是有个疑问：

1、iPaintBeg=max(0,si.nPos+ps.rcPaint.top/cyChar);
      iPaintEnd=min(si.nMax,si.nPos+ps.rcPaint.bottom/cyChar);

      这两句是干嘛用的？

2、为什么是for (i=iPaintBeg;i<=iPaintEnd;i++)这样循环？

3、y=cyChar*(i-iVertPos);

     为什么是i-iVertPos？

今天调试了一下，颇有感悟！

调试时滚动条下拉了一行！

首先给出调试时一些参数，是我写的一张图：

得出了一些结论：

1、下拉滚动条时，只更新时新出现的客户区，这个矩形的具体参数存数在ps.rcPaint中。

更新起点iPaintBeg是需更新矩形的顶部所在的行数，iPaintEnd是底部所在的行数。即图中新出现一行的顶部和底部。

2、for循环就是输出这些新出现的文本

3、i-iVerPos就是以新客户区的顶部为起点更新客户区