iOS 提升之利用runtime进行归档/解归档

更新记录：

• 2016-02-17更新 — 闲来无事，增加新思路

当需要对数据进行归档存储时，需要对使用到的所有属性进行归档处理，属性数量少时工作量还是比较轻松的，若是有成百上千的属性，这无非是一个令人头大的问题。这时利用runtime的class_copyIvarList方法对属性则会变得比较轻松。

runtime的class_copyIvarList方法可以得到所有属性的拷贝。
进行归档时首先需要重写协议中的两个协议方法
代码如下：

//归档
- (void)encodeWithCoder:(NSCoder *)aCoder{    
    unsigned int outCount = 0;
    Ivar *ivars = class_copyIvarList([self class], &outCount);
    for (unsigned int i =0; i<outCount; i++) {
        Ivar ivar = ivars[i];
        NSString*key = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:ivar_getName(ivar)];

        id value = [self valueForKey:key];
        [aCoder encodeObject:value forKey:key];
    }
    free(ivars);
}

//解归档
- (nullable instancetype)initWithCoder:(NSCoder *)aDecoder{

    self = [super init];
    if (self) {
        unsigned int OutCount = 0;
        Ivar *ivars = class_copyIvarList([self class], &OutCount);
        for (unsigned int i =0; i<OutCount; i++) {
            Ivar ivar = ivars[i];
            NSString *key = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:ivar_getName(ivar)];
            [self setValue:[aDecoder decodeObjectForKey:key] forKey:key];
        }
        free(ivars);
    }
    return  self;
}

Ivar是c语言的内容，用过后需要手动释放

如果还是嫌以上方法过于麻烦的话，喜欢偷懒的可以看这里哈：

首先声明两个宏

#define encodeRuntime(A) \
\
unsigned int count = 0;\
Ivar *ivars = class_copyIvarList([A class], &count);\
for (int i = 0; i<count; i++) {\
Ivar ivar = ivars[i];\
const char *name = ivar_getName(ivar);\
NSString *key = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:name];\
id value = [self valueForKey:key];\
[encoder encodeObject:value forKey:key];\
}\
free(ivars);\
\

#define initCoderRuntime(A) \
\
if (self = [super init]) {\
unsigned int count = 0;\
Ivar *ivars = class_copyIvarList([A class], &count);\
for (int i = 0; i<count; i++) {\
Ivar ivar = ivars[i];\
const char *name = ivar_getName(ivar);\
NSString *key = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:name];\
id value = [decoder decodeObjectForKey:key];\
[self setValue:value forKey:key];\
}\
free(ivars);\
}\
return self;\
\

在需要的地方进行调用即可：

#import "XX.h"
#import <objc/runtime.h>
@implementation XX

- (void)encodeWithCoder:(NSCoder *)encoder{
    encodeRuntime(XX)
}

- (id)initWithCoder:(NSCoder *)decoder{
    initCoderRuntime(XX)
}
@end

这样就可以啦。