Elasticsearch学习第三篇--聚合分析

前言

关于聚合分析，我的简单理解就是根据一定条件，对数据的总体的概览，分布的分析和计算；类似关系型数据库通过where条件 select count(1);

下面使用例子学习如何用ES聚合分析
首先Elasticsearch对排序、聚合所依据的字段用单独的数据结构(fielddata)缓存到内存里了，但是在text字段上默认是禁用的，如果有需要单独开启，这样做的目的是为了节省内存空间。

https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/fielddata.html

所以这里先把相关字段的fielddata属性设置为true;

PUT /test_index/_mapping/base
{
  "properties": {
    "interests": {
      "type": "text",
      "fielddata": true
    }
  }
}

结果

{
  "acknowledged": true
}

acknowledged为true表示设置成功，然后我们可以开始测试了。

测试一：统计每个兴趣的数量

group_by_interests是我自己起的名字，可以随便起名。也就是分组名 ，即ES的桶

GET /test_index/base/_search
{
  "aggs": {
    "group_by_interests":{
      "terms":{
        "field":"interests"
      }
    }
  }
}

结果

{
  "took": 27,
  "timed_out": false,
  "_shards": {
    "total": 5,
    "successful": 5,
    "skipped": 0,
    "failed": 0
  },
  "hits": {
    "total": 3,
    "max_score": 1,
    "hits": [
      {
        "_index": "test_index",
        "_type": "base",
        "_id": "2",
        "_score": 1,
        "_source": {
          "name": "xiaomei",
          "age": 18,
          "sex": "F",
          "interests": "music movie"
        }
      },
      {
        "_index": "test_index",
        "_type": "base",
        "_id": "1",
        "_score": 1,
        "_source": {
          "name": "xiaoming",
          "age": 18,
          "sex": "M",
          "interests": "sport movie"
        }
      },
      {
        "_index": "test_index",
        "_type": "base",
        "_id": "3",
        "_score": 1,
        "_source": {
          "name": "xiaojiejie",
          "age": 25,
          "sex": "F",
          "interests": "movie"
        }
      }
    ]
  },
  "aggregations": {
    "group_by_interests": {
      "doc_count_error_upper_bound": 0,
      "sum_other_doc_count": 0,
      "buckets": [
        {
          "key": "movie",
          "doc_count": 3
        },
        {
          "key": "music",
          "doc_count": 1
        },
        {
          "key": "sport",
          "doc_count": 1
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}

可以很快的看到统计结果

兴趣	数量
movie	3
music	1
sport	1

测试二：统计性别为女的兴趣爱好

即可以追加条件

GET /test_index/base/_search
{
  "query": {
    "match": {
      "sex": "F"
    }
  }, 
  
  "aggs": {
    "group_by_interests":{
      "terms":{
        "field":"interests"
      }
    }
  }
}

结果

{
  "took": 1,
  "timed_out": false,
  "_shards": {
    "total": 5,
    "successful": 5,
    "skipped": 0,
    "failed": 0
  },
  "hits": {
    "total": 2,
    "max_score": 0.2876821,
    "hits": [
      {
        "_index": "test_index",
        "_type": "base",
        "_id": "2",
        "_score": 0.2876821,
        "_source": {
          "name": "xiaomei",
          "age": 18,
          "sex": "F",
          "interests": "music movie"
        }
      },
      {
        "_index": "test_index",
        "_type": "base",
        "_id": "3",
        "_score": 0.2876821,
        "_source": {
          "name": "xiaojiejie",
          "age": 25,
          "sex": "F",
          "interests": "movie"
        }
      }
    ]
  },
  "aggregations": {
    "group_by_interests": {
      "doc_count_error_upper_bound": 0,
      "sum_other_doc_count": 0,
      "buckets": [
        {
          "key": "movie",
          "doc_count": 2
        },
        {
          "key": "music",
          "doc_count": 1
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}

测试三：计算每个兴趣爱好的平均年龄

需要用到嵌套。

GET /test_index/base/_search
{
  
  "aggs": {
    "group_by_interests":{
      "terms":{
        "field":"interests"
      }, 
      "aggs": {
        "avg_age": {
          "avg": {
            "field": "age"
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

结果

{
  "took": 12,
  "timed_out": false,
  "_shards": {
    "total": 5,
    "successful": 5,
    "skipped": 0,
    "failed": 0
  },
  "hits": {
    "total": 3,
    "max_score": 1,
    "hits": [
      {
        "_index": "test_index",
        "_type": "base",
        "_id": "2",
        "_score": 1,
        "_source": {
          "name": "xiaomei",
          "age": 18,
          "sex": "F",
          "interests": "music movie"
        }
      },
      {
        "_index": "test_index",
        "_type": "base",
        "_id": "1",
        "_score": 1,
        "_source": {
          "name": "xiaoming",
          "age": 18,
          "sex": "M",
          "interests": "sport movie"
        }
      },
      {
        "_index": "test_index",
        "_type": "base",
        "_id": "3",
        "_score": 1,
        "_source": {
          "name": "xiaojiejie",
          "age": 25,
          "sex": "F",
          "interests": "movie"
        }
      }
    ]
  },
  "aggregations": {
    "group_by_interests": {
      "doc_count_error_upper_bound": 0,
      "sum_other_doc_count": 0,
      "buckets": [
        {
          "key": "movie",
          "doc_count": 3,
          "avg_age": {
            "value": 20.333333333333332
          }
        },
        {
          "key": "music",
          "doc_count": 1,
          "avg_age": {
            "value": 18
          }
        },
        {
          "key": "sport",
          "doc_count": 1,
          "avg_age": {
            "value": 18
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}

测试四：计算每个兴趣爱好的平均年龄 并按照年龄降序排序

在测试三的基础上进行排序；
注意排序的时候要与自定义的名称avg_age相同。

GET /test_index/base/_search
{
  
  "aggs": {
    "group_by_interests":{
      "terms":{
        "field":"interests",
          "order": {
           "avg_age": "desc"
         }
      }, 
      "aggs": {
        "avg_age": {
          "avg": {
            "field": "age"
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

结果

{
  "took": 0,
  "timed_out": false,
  "_shards": {
    "total": 5,
    "successful": 5,
    "skipped": 0,
    "failed": 0
  },
  "hits": {
    "total": 3,
    "max_score": 1,
    "hits": [
      {
        "_index": "test_index",
        "_type": "base",
        "_id": "2",
        "_score": 1,
        "_source": {
          "name": "xiaomei",
          "age": 18,
          "sex": "F",
          "interests": "music movie"
        }
      },
      {
        "_index": "test_index",
        "_type": "base",
        "_id": "1",
        "_score": 1,
        "_source": {
          "name": "xiaoming",
          "age": 18,
          "sex": "M",
          "interests": "sport movie"
        }
      },
      {
        "_index": "test_index",
        "_type": "base",
        "_id": "3",
        "_score": 1,
        "_source": {
          "name": "xiaojiejie",
          "age": 25,
          "sex": "F",
          "interests": "movie"
        }
      }
    ]
  },
  "aggregations": {
    "group_by_interests": {
      "doc_count_error_upper_bound": 0,
      "sum_other_doc_count": 0,
      "buckets": [
        {
          "key": "movie",
          "doc_count": 3,
          "avg_age": {
            "value": 20.333333333333332
          }
        },
        {
          "key": "music",
          "doc_count": 1,
          "avg_age": {
            "value": 18
          }
        },
        {
          "key": "sport",
          "doc_count": 1,
          "avg_age": {
            "value": 18
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}