python 操作word文件案例

1 基础知识

1.1 安装python-docx

pip install python-docx

打开文档

doc = Document('test.docx')

添加段落

paragraph = doc.add_paragraph('段落1')

在段落尾部添加文本

wenben=paragraph.add_run('我是中国人')  

获取段落数量

# 段落数量
print(len(doc.paragraphs))

全局字体设置

doc.styles['Normal'].font.name = u'宋体'
doc.styles['Normal']._element.rPr.rFonts.set(qn('w:eastAsia'), u'宋体')

拓展：修改文本中题号
如：1. 2. 3. 类型

all = re.sub(r'[0-9]{1,5}\.', "*", all)

查询括号内的内容

pattern = r'[(](.*?)[)]'
res = re.findall(pattern, i)

删除括号内的内容

i = re.sub(u"\(.*?\)", "( )", i)

1.2 文字大小 加粗 颜色

from docx import Document
from docx.oxml.ns import qn
from docx.shared import Pt, RGBColor

doc = Document()

doc = Document()
# 全局字体设置
doc.styles['Normal'].font.name = u'宋体'
doc.styles['Normal']._element.rPr.rFonts.set(qn('w:eastAsia'), u'宋体')

title = doc.add_paragraph()
t1 = title.add_run('公司员工请假条')    # 内容
t1.font.bold = True                    # 加粗
t1.font.size = Pt(20)                  # 设置字体大小
t1.font.color.rgb = RGBColor(60,200,250)	#字体颜色

doc.save('666.docx')

1.3 首行缩进：

缩进方式	属性
左边缩进	left_indent
右边缩进	right_indent
首航缩进	first_line_indent

from docx import Document
from docx.shared import Inches

doc = Document()

article = doc.add_paragraph()
a2 = article.add_run(
    '因______，特向您请事假____天。请假时间自_____年___月___日至_____年___月___日。这段时间内原计划安排的课程已做好处理，希望领导批准。'
)
# 首行缩进2个字符
article2_format = article.paragraph_format
article2_format.first_line_indent = Inches(0.3)

doc.save('666.docx')

1.4 对齐方式：

名称	属性
左对齐	LEFT
居中	CENTER
右对齐	RIGHT
文本两端对齐	JUSTIFY

from docx import Document
from docx.enum.text import WD_PARAGRAPH_ALIGNMENT

doc = Document()

title = doc.add_paragraph()
t1 = title.add_run('公司员工请假条')     			# 内容
title.alignment = WD_PARAGRAPH_ALIGNMENT.CENTER     # 居中

doc.save('666.docx')

1.5 读取word

word文件：

代码：

from docx import Document

doc = Document('文档.docx')

# 获取段落文字 不带格式
for paragraph in doc.paragraphs:
    print(paragraph.text)

# 文字块：获取第二段文字 带格式
paragraph = doc.paragraphs[1]   #获取第二段落
runs = paragraph.runs
for run in runs:
    print(run.text)

1.6 生成word

from docx import Document
from docx.shared import Cm

# 实例化
doc = Document()

# 标题
doc.add_heading("一级标题", level=1)

# 添加一个带格式段落
paragraph1 = doc.add_paragraph()
paragraph1.add_run('加粗').bold = True
paragraph1.add_run('普通')
paragraph1.add_run('斜体').italic = True

# 添加图片
doc.add_picture('tupian.jpg', width=Cm(5), height=Cm(10))

# 添加表格  doc.add_table(rows=行, cols=列)
# cells； 格子
records = [
    ['学号', '姓名', '成绩'],
    ['101', '小红', '98'],
    ['102', '小明', '95'],
    ['103', '小李', '100']
]
table = doc.add_table(rows=4, cols=3, style='Table Grid')
for row in range(4):
    cells = table.rows[row].cells
    for col in range(3):
        cells[col].text = str(records[row][col])

# 添加分页
doc.add_page_break()

doc.save('测试.docx')

2 案例：请假条

from docx.enum.text import WD_PARAGRAPH_ALIGNMENT
from docx import Document
from docx.shared import Pt, Inches
from docx.oxml.ns import qn

doc = Document()
# 全局字体设置
doc.styles['Normal'].font.name = u'宋体'
doc.styles['Normal']._element.rPr.rFonts.set(qn('w:eastAsia'), u'宋体')

# 1、标题
title = doc.add_paragraph()
title1 = title.add_run('公司员工请假条')    # 内容
title1.font.size = Pt(20)           # 设置字体大小
title1.bold = True                  # 加粗
title.alignment = WD_PARAGRAPH_ALIGNMENT.CENTER     # 居中

# 2、正文
article1 = doc.add_paragraph()
a1 = article1.add_run('__________部：')

article2 = doc.add_paragraph()
a2 = article2.add_run(
    '因________________________________________，特向您请事假____天。请假时间自_____年___月___日至_____年___月___日。这段时间内原计划安排的课程已做好处理，希望领导批准。'
)
# 首行缩进  负值表示悬挂缩进
article2_format = article2.paragraph_format
article2_format.first_line_indent = Inches(0.3)

article3 = doc.add_paragraph()
a3 = article3.add_run('请假人：')      # 内容
article3.alignment = WD_PARAGRAPH_ALIGNMENT.RIGHT
article3_format = article3.paragraph_format
article3_format.right_indent = Inches(0.9)

nowData = doc.add_paragraph()
n3 = nowData.add_run('年  月  日')      # 内容
nowData.alignment = WD_PARAGRAPH_ALIGNMENT.RIGHT
nowData_format = nowData.paragraph_format
nowData_format.right_indent = Inches(0.3)

# 这一步调整文件格式为居中
doc.save('test.docx')