Android 万能适配器

传统方式编写适配器的方法 相关代码：

bean：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：

package com.adapter.bean;

public class Bean {

private String title;
private String desc;
private String time;
private String phone;


public Bean() {
}
public Bean(String title, String desc, String time, String phone) {
    super();
    this.title = title;
    this.desc = desc;
    this.time = time;
    this.phone = phone;
}
public String getTitle() {
    return title;
}
public void setTitle(String title) {
    this.title = title;
}
public String getDesc() {
    return desc;
}
public void setDesc(String desc) {
    this.desc = desc;
}
public String getTime() {
    return time;
}
public void setTime(String time) {
    this.time = time;
}
public String getPhone() {
    return phone;
}
public void setPhone(String phone) {
    this.phone = phone;
}

}

MainActivity：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：package com.adapter;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import com.adapter.bean.Bean;
import com.example.adapter.R;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.ListView;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
    private ListView lv_list;
    private List<Bean> mDatas;
    private MyAdapter mAdapter;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    initDatas();
    initView();
}
private void initView() {
    lv_list =(ListView) findViewById(R.id.lv_adapter);
    lv_list.setAdapter(mAdapter);
}
private void initDatas() {
    mDatas = new ArrayList<Bean>();
    Bean bean = new Bean("Android新技能", "android打造万能的adapter适配器", "2014-12-13", "10086");
    mDatas.add(bean);
     bean = new Bean("Android新技能1", "android打造万能的adapter适配器", "2014-12-13", "10086");
     mDatas.add(bean);
     bean = new Bean("Android新技能2", "android打造万能的adapter适配器", "2014-12-13", "10086");
     mDatas.add(bean);
     bean = new Bean("Android新技能3", "android打造万能的adapter适配器", "2014-12-13", "10086");
     mDatas.add(bean);
     bean = new Bean("Android新技能4", "android打造万能的adapter适配器", "2014-12-13", "10086");
     mDatas.add(bean);

     mAdapter = new MyAdapter(this, mDatas);

}
}

MyAdapter：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：

package com.adapter;

import java.util.List;

import com.adapter.bean.Bean;
import com.example.adapter.R;

import android.content.Context;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.webkit.WebView.FindListener;
import android.widget.BaseAdapter;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class MyAdapter extends BaseAdapter {

    private LayoutInflater mInflater;
    private List<Bean> mDatas;


    public MyAdapter(Context context, List<Bean>datas){

        mInflater = LayoutInflater.from(context);
        mDatas = datas;

    }
    @Override
    public int getCount() {
        return mDatas.size();
    }

    @Override
    public Object getItem(int position) {
        return mDatas.get(position);
    }

    @Override
    public long getItemId(int position) {
        return position;
    }

    @Override
    public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
        ViewHolder holder = null;
        if (convertView == null) {
            convertView = mInflater.inflate(R.layout.activity_item, parent,false);
            holder = new ViewHolder();

            holder.mTitle = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.tv_title);
            holder.mDesc = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.tv_desc);
            holder.mTime = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.tv_time);
            holder.mphone = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.tv_phone);

            convertView.setTag(holder);
        }else{
            holder = (ViewHolder) convertView.getTag();
        }

        Bean bean = mDatas.get(position);

        holder.mTitle.setText(bean.getTitle());//如果这里有int型的值 强转为String
        holder.mDesc.setText(bean.getDesc());
        holder.mTime.setText(bean.getTime());
        holder.mphone.setText(bean.getPhone());

        return convertView;
    }
private  class ViewHolder{
    TextView mTitle;
    TextView mDesc;
    TextView mTime;
    TextView mphone;
}
}

布局文件：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：

activity_main::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
     >
    <ListView
        android:id="@+id/lv_adapter"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        ></ListView>

</RelativeLayout>

Activity_item：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:padding="10dp"

    >

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/tv_title"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:singleLine="true"
        android:text="Android新技能"
        android:textColor="#444"
        android:textSize="16sp"

        />
    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/tv_desc"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_below="@id/tv_title"
        android:layout_marginTop="10dp"
        android:minLines="1"
        android:maxLines="2"
        android:text="android打造万能的adapter适配器"
        android:textColor="#898989"
        android:textSize="16sp"
        />
    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/tv_time"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_below="@id/tv_desc"
        android:layout_marginTop="20dp"
        android:minLines="1"
        android:maxLines="2"
        android:text="2014-12-13"
        android:textColor="#898989"
        android:textSize="12sp"
        />

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/tv_phone"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_below="@id/tv_desc"
        android:layout_marginTop="10dp"
        android:minLines="1"
        android:maxLines="2"
        android:text="10086"
        android:drawableLeft="@drawable/ic_launcher"
        android:drawablePadding="5dp"
        android:padding="3dp"
        android:background="#2ed667"
        android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
        android:textColor="#fff"
        android:textSize="12sp"
        />

</RelativeLayout>

以上是传统写法涉及到的类和布局；

下面我们要考虑的是怎样抽取我们的ViewHolder

通常的ViewHolder类：

convertView.setTag(holder);

ViewHolder：Item中各种控件的引用

每个listView或Item里面有很多的控件，我们可以考虑用一个

Map

package com.adapter.util;

import android.content.Context;
import android.util.SparseArray;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;

public class ViewHolder {

    private SparseArray<View> mView;
    private int mPosition;
    private View mConvertView;

    public ViewHolder(Context context, ViewGroup parent, int layoutId,
            int position) {

        this.mPosition = position;
        this.mView = new SparseArray<View>();

        mConvertView = LayoutInflater.from(context).inflate(layoutId, parent,
                false);
        mConvertView.setTag(this);

    }

    public static ViewHolder get(Context context, View convertView,
            ViewGroup parent, int layoutId, int position) {

        if (convertView == null) {
            return new ViewHolder(context, parent, layoutId, position);
        } else {
            ViewHolder holder = (ViewHolder) convertView.getTag();
            holder.mPosition = position;//即使viewHolder是复用的，但是在listView中position 是变化的
            return holder;
        }
    }
    /**
     * 通过、viewId获取控件
     * @param viewId
     * @return
     */
    public <T extends View> T getView(int viewId){

        View view = mView.get(viewId);
        if (view == null) {

            view = mConvertView.findViewById(viewId);
            mView.put(viewId, view);
        }
        return (T)view;
    }

    public View getmConvertView() {
        return mConvertView;
    }

}

以下是 做了相应改动的adapter：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：

package com.adapter;

import java.util.List;

import com.adapter.bean.Bean;
import com.adapter.util.ViewHolder;
import com.example.adapter.R;

import android.content.Context;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.webkit.WebView.FindListener;
import android.widget.BaseAdapter;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class MyAdapterWtihCommonViewHolder extends BaseAdapter {

    private LayoutInflater mInflater;
    private List<Bean> mDatas;
    private Context mContext;

    public MyAdapterWtihCommonViewHolder(Context context, List<Bean>datas){

        mInflater = LayoutInflater.from(context);
        mDatas = datas;
        mContext = context;

    }
    @Override
    public int getCount() {
        return mDatas.size();
    }

    @Override
    public Object getItem(int position) {
        return mDatas.get(position);
    }

    @Override
    public long getItemId(int position) {
        return position;
    }

    @Override
    public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {

        /*
        ViewHolder holder = null;
        if (convertView == null) {
            convertView = mInflater.inflate(R.layout.activity_item, parent,false);
            holder = new ViewHolder();

            holder.mTitle = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.tv_title);
            holder.mDesc = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.tv_desc);
            holder.mTime = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.tv_time);
            holder.mphone = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.tv_phone);

            convertView.setTag(holder);
        }else{
            holder = (ViewHolder) convertView.getTag();
        }
        */
        //一句代码替换上面的代码
        ViewHolder holder = ViewHolder.get(mContext, convertView, parent, R.layout.activity_item, position);


        Bean bean = mDatas.get(position);
        /*
        holder.mTitle.setText(bean.getTitle());//如果这里有int型的值 强转为String
        holder.mDesc.setText(bean.getDesc());
        holder.mTime.setText(bean.getTime());
        holder.mphone.setText(bean.getPhone());
        */
        //将上面的代码做相应的更改
        TextView title = holder.getView(R.id.tv_title);
        title.setText(bean.getTitle());
        TextView desc = holder.getView(R.id.tv_desc);
        title.setText(bean.getDesc());
        TextView time = holder.getView(R.id.tv_time);
        title.setText(bean.getTime());
        TextView phone = holder.getView(R.id.tv_phone);
        title.setText(bean.getPhone());

        //return convertView;  
        //返回的值也相应的改变
        return holder.getmConvertView();
    }
    /*
private  class ViewHolder{
    TextView mTitle;
    TextView mDesc;
    TextView mTime;
    TextView mphone;
}
*/

}以下是 使用通用ViewHolder做了相应改动的MainActivity：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：

package com.adapter;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import com.adapter.bean.Bean;
import com.example.adapter.R;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.ListView;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
    private ListView lv_list;
    private List<Bean> mDatas;
    private MyAdapter mAdapter;

    //万能适配器进行测试
    private MyAdapterWtihCommonViewHolder mMyAdapterWtihCommonViewHolder;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    initDatas();
    initView();
}
private void initView() {
    lv_list =(ListView) findViewById(R.id.lv_adapter);
    lv_list.setAdapter(mMyAdapterWtihCommonViewHolder);
}
private void initDatas() {
    mDatas = new ArrayList<Bean>();
    Bean bean = new Bean("Android新技能", "android打造万能的adapter适配器", "2014-12-13", "10086");
    mDatas.add(bean);
     bean = new Bean("Android新技能1", "android打造万能的adapter适配器", "2014-12-13", "10086");
     mDatas.add(bean);
     bean = new Bean("Android新技能2", "android打造万能的adapter适配器", "2014-12-13", "10086");
     mDatas.add(bean);
     bean = new Bean("Android新技能3", "android打造万能的adapter适配器", "2014-12-13", "10086");
     mDatas.add(bean);
     bean = new Bean("Android新技能4", "android打造万能的adapter适配器", "2014-12-13", "10086");
     mDatas.add(bean);

    // mAdapter = new MyAdapter(this, mDatas);
    mMyAdapterWtihCommonViewHolder = new MyAdapterWtihCommonViewHolder(this, mDatas);
}
}

至此完成通用ViewHolder的功能。。。

下面要封装Adapter代码：

写一个CommonAdapter类：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：

package com.adapter.util;

import java.util.List;

import android.content.Context;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.BaseAdapter;

public abstract class CommonAdapter<T> extends BaseAdapter {

    protected Context mContext;
    protected List<T> mDatas;
    protected LayoutInflater mInflater;

public CommonAdapter(Context context,List<T> datas){

    this.mContext = context;
    this.mDatas = datas;
    mInflater = LayoutInflater.from(context);
}
    @Override
    public int getCount() {
        return mDatas.size();
    }

    @Override
    public Object getItem(int position) {
        return mDatas.get(position);
    }

    @Override
    public long getItemId(int position) {
        return position;
    }

    @Override
    public abstract View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent);

}

使MyAdapterWtihCommonViewHolder类继承 CommonAdapter 并做相应改变：：：：：：：：：：：：：：

package com.adapter;

import java.util.List;

import com.adapter.bean.Bean;
import com.adapter.util.CommonAdapter;
import com.adapter.util.ViewHolder;
import com.example.adapter.R;

import android.content.Context;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.webkit.WebView.FindListener;
import android.widget.BaseAdapter;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class MyAdapterWtihCommonViewHolder extends CommonAdapter<Bean> {



    public MyAdapterWtihCommonViewHolder(Context context, List<Bean>datas){
        super(context, datas);


    }


    @Override
    public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {

        ViewHolder holder = ViewHolder.get(mContext, convertView, parent, R.layout.activity_item, position);


        Bean bean = mDatas.get(position);

        TextView title = holder.getView(R.id.tv_title);
        title.setText(bean.getTitle());
        TextView desc = holder.getView(R.id.tv_desc);
        title.setText(bean.getDesc());
        TextView time = holder.getView(R.id.tv_time);
        title.setText(bean.getTime());
        TextView phone = holder.getView(R.id.tv_phone);
        title.setText(bean.getPhone());


        return holder.getmConvertView();
    }

}

以上就是简单的抽取出了 Adapter中 有些重复的代码 ，然后进行简化

其实到了这里还是不够简化 我们还可以进一步对适配器进行简化

以下是进行简化的CommonAdapter类：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：

package com.adapter.util;

import java.util.List;

import com.adapter.bean.Bean;
import com.example.adapter.R;

import android.content.Context;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.BaseAdapter;
import android.widget.TextView;

public abstract class CommonAdapter<T> extends BaseAdapter {

    protected Context mContext;
    protected List<T> mDatas;
    protected LayoutInflater mInflater;

    public CommonAdapter(Context context, List<T> datas) {

        this.mContext = context;
        this.mDatas = datas;
        mInflater = LayoutInflater.from(context);
    }

    @Override
    public int getCount() {
        return mDatas.size();
    }

    @Override
    public T getItem(int position) {
        return mDatas.get(position);
    }

    @Override
    public long getItemId(int position) {
        return position;
    }

    @Override
    public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {

        ViewHolder holder = ViewHolder.get(mContext, convertView, parent,
                R.layout.activity_item, position);

        convert(holder,getItem(position));

        return holder.getmConvertView();
    }

    public abstract void convert(ViewHolder holder,T t);


}

以下是简化后的MyAdapterWtihCommonViewHolder类：：：：：：

package com.adapter;

import java.util.List;

import com.adapter.bean.Bean;
import com.adapter.util.CommonAdapter;
import com.adapter.util.ViewHolder;
import com.example.adapter.R;

import android.content.Context;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.webkit.WebView.FindListener;
import android.widget.BaseAdapter;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class MyAdapterWtihCommonViewHolder extends CommonAdapter<Bean> {

    public MyAdapterWtihCommonViewHolder(Context context, List<Bean> datas) {
        super(context, datas);

    }

    @Override
    public void convert(ViewHolder holder, Bean bean) {
        TextView title = holder.getView(R.id.tv_title);
        title.setText(bean.getTitle());
        TextView desc = holder.getView(R.id.tv_desc);
        title.setText(bean.getDesc());
        TextView time = holder.getView(R.id.tv_time);
        title.setText(bean.getTime());
        TextView phone = holder.getView(R.id.tv_phone);
        title.setText(bean.getPhone());

    }

}

这样开发人员 就只需要 面向ViewHolder 以及Bean 编程 大大的简化了代码

其实， 到这里了还没有完，还可以在ViewHolder类里面 将具体的item里面的控件的 设置值的方法进行 封装 这里用TextView举例：

以下是改进后的ViewHolderHolder：：：：：：：：：：：：：

package com.adapter.util;

import android.content.Context;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.util.SparseArray;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class ViewHolder {

    private SparseArray<View> mView;
    private int mPosition;
    private View mConvertView;

    public ViewHolder(Context context, ViewGroup parent, int layoutId,
            int position) {

        this.mPosition = position;
        this.mView = new SparseArray<View>();

        mConvertView = LayoutInflater.from(context).inflate(layoutId, parent,
                false);
        mConvertView.setTag(this);

    }

    public static ViewHolder get(Context context, View convertView,
            ViewGroup parent, int layoutId, int position) {

        if (convertView == null) {
            return new ViewHolder(context, parent, layoutId, position);
        } else {
            ViewHolder holder = (ViewHolder) convertView.getTag();
            holder.mPosition = position;//即使viewHolder是复用的，但是在listView中position 是变化的
            return holder;
        }
    }
    /**
     * 通过、viewId获取控件
     * @param viewId
     * @return
     */
    public <T extends View> T getView(int viewId){

        View view = mView.get(viewId);
        if (view == null) {

            view = mConvertView.findViewById(viewId);
            mView.put(viewId, view);
        }
        return (T)view;
    }

    public View getmConvertView() {
        return mConvertView;
    }

    //后来加的方法
    /**
     * 设置textView的值
     * @param viewId
     * @param text
     * @return
     */
    public ViewHolder setText(int viewId,String text){
        TextView tv = getView(viewId);
        tv.setText(text);
        return this;
    }
    /**
     * 设置ImageView的值
     * @param viewId
     * @param resId
     * @return
     */
    public ViewHolder setImageResource(int viewId, int resId){

        ImageView iv = getView(viewId);
        iv.setImageResource(resId);
        return this;
    }

public ViewHolder setImageBitmap(int viewId, Bitmap bitmap){

        ImageView iv = getView(viewId);
        iv.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
        return this;
    }

}

设置哪种控件 就要在以上的代码中做相应的添加，然后就会更加的完善
以下是改进后的MyAdapterWtihCommonViewHolder类：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：：

package com.adapter;

import java.util.List;

import com.adapter.bean.Bean;
import com.adapter.util.CommonAdapter;
import com.adapter.util.ViewHolder;
import com.example.adapter.R;

import android.content.Context;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.webkit.WebView.FindListener;
import android.widget.BaseAdapter;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class MyAdapterWtihCommonViewHolder extends CommonAdapter<Bean> {

    public MyAdapterWtihCommonViewHolder(Context context, List<Bean> datas) {
        super(context, datas);

    }

    @Override
    public void convert(ViewHolder holder, Bean bean) {
        /*
         * TextView title = holder.getView(R.id.tv_title);
         * title.setText(bean.getTitle()); TextView desc =
         * holder.getView(R.id.tv_desc); title.setText(bean.getDesc());
         * TextView
         * time = holder.getView(R.id.tv_time); title.setText(bean.getTime());
         * TextView phone = holder.getView(R.id.tv_phone);
         * title.setText(bean.getPhone());
         */
        // 改进
        holder.setText(R.id.tv_title, bean.getTitle())
                .setText(R.id.tv_desc, bean.getDesc())
                .setText(R.id.tv_time, bean.getTime())
                .setText(R.id.tv_phone, bean.getPhone());
    }

}

关于Item中控件不可点击，有抢占焦点的问题存在时 视频后段有交代，以后再更新。

关于listView 内容复用显示混乱的问题 同样有交代。