POJ 2242|ZOJ 1090 The Circumference of the Circle

The Circumference of the Circle

Time Limit: 1000MS		Memory Limit: 65536K
Total Submissions: 7915		Accepted: 4808

Description

To calculate the circumference of a circle seems to be an easy task - provided you know its diameter. But what if you don't? 

You are given the cartesian coordinates of three non-collinear points in the plane. 
Your job is to calculate the circumference of the unique circle that intersects all three points. 

Input

The input will contain one or more test cases. Each test case consists of one line containing six real numbers x1,y1, x2,y2,x3,y3, representing the coordinates of the three points. The diameter of the circle determined by the three points will never exceed a million. Input is terminated by end of file.

Output

For each test case, print one line containing one real number telling the circumference of the circle determined by the three points. The circumference is to be printed accurately rounded to two decimals. The value of pi is approximately 3.141592653589793.

Sample Input

0.0 -0.5 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.5
0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
5.0 5.0 5.0 7.0 4.0 6.0
0.0 0.0 -1.0 7.0 7.0 7.0
50.0 50.0 50.0 70.0 40.0 60.0
0.0 0.0 10.0 0.0 20.0 1.0
0.0 -500000.0 500000.0 0.0 0.0 500000.0

Sample Output

3.14
4.44
6.28
31.42
62.83
632.24
3141592.65
题解：题意为，已知圆上的三点坐标，求圆的周长。
可以想到公式： C = 2*PI*R,主要是把R求出来。
列出一些R相关的公式： s = PI*R*R; s = r*C/2 (s,为面积,C为周长)
把面积求出，就可以得出R的值。可以通过海伦公式和三角形正弦定理得出。
根据3点可以求出三条边的长度，例如 a = sqrt((x1-x2)*(x1-x2)+(y1-y2)*(y1-y2))两点之间的距离。同理可以得出b,c使用海伦公式求出面积
	p = (a+b+c)/2,  s = sqrt(p*(p-a)*(p-b)*(p-c))
使用三角形的正弦定理 a/sinA = b/sinB = c/sinC = 2R, R为外接圆的半径。
圆的面积公式为： S = bcsinA/2 = acsinB/2 = absinC/2;
	      sinA = a/2R -> S = bca/4R -> R = abc/4R
周长为：2*PI*R。
ACCode:
#include <cstdio>
#include <iostream>
#include <cmath>
#include <cstring>
using namespace std;
const double pi=3.141592653589793;
int main()
{
    double x1,y1,x2,y2,x3,y3,a,b,c,p,s,r,cir;
    while(cin>>x1>>y1>>x2>>y2>>x3>>y3)
    {
        a = sqrt((x1-x2)*(x1-x2)+(y1-y2)*(y1-y2));
        b = sqrt((x1-x3)*(x1-x3)+(y1-y3)*(y1-y3));
        c = sqrt((x3-x2)*(x3-x2)+(y3-y2)*(y3-y2));

        p = (a+b+c)/2;
        s = sqrt(p*(p-a)*(p-b)*(p-c));
        r = (a*b*c)/(4*s);
        cir = 2*pi*r;
        printf("%.2lf\n",cir);

    }
    return 0;
}

参考：
http://ziyuan.wmw.cn/BD/beida/FileLibrary/directions/g1k3sxb443aa01/g1k3sxb443aa01.htm