一、实验拓扑![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/direct/b379acfe1cd84522adb04a27740d6d07.png)
二、实验目的
1、R6为ISP,接口IP地址均为公有地址,该设备只能配置IP地址之后不能冉对其进行任何配置;
2、R1-R5为局域网,私有IP地址192.168.1.0/24,请合理分配;
3、R1、R2、R4,各有两个环回IP地址;R5,R6各有一个环回地址;所有路由器上环回均代表连接用户的接口;
4、R3下面的两台PC通过DHCP自动获取IP地址;
5、选路最佳,路由表尽量小,避免环路;
6、R1-R5均可以访问R6的环回;
7、在R1上配置te1net服务,使R6能通过R5的公有地址te1net到R1上;
8、R4与R5正常通过1000M链路,故障时通过100M链路;
三、实验步骤
1、划分IP地址
先划分IP地址,根据拓扑图分析,总共需要14个网段,将骨干链路作为一个大网段,各路由器环回网段作为一个大网段(包括R3下的民用网段),共六大网段
192.168.1.0000 0000/27---骨干链路
192.168.1.0000 0000/30---192.168.1.0/30
192.168.1.0000 0100/30---192.168.1.4/30
192.168.1.0000 1000/30---192.168.1.8/30
192.168.1.0000 1100/30---192.168.1.12/30
192.168.1.0001 0000/30---192.168.1.16/30
192.168.1.0001 0100/30---192.168.1.20/30
192.168.1.0001 1000/30---192.168.1.24/30
192.168.1.0001 1100/30---192.168.1.28/30
192.168.1.0010 0000---192.168.1.32/27---R1环回链路
192.168.1.0010 0000/28---192.168.1.32/28
192.168.1.0011 0000/28---192.168.1.48/28
192.168.1.0100 0000/27---192.168.1.64/27---R2环回链路
192.168.1.0100 0000/28---192.168.1.64/28
192.168.1.0101 0000/28---192.168.1.80/28
192.168.1.0110 0000/27---192.168.1.96/27---R3民用网段
192.168.1.1000 0000/27---192.168.1.128/27---R4环回链路
192.168.1.1000 0000/28---192.168.1.128/28
192.168.1.1001 0000/28---192.168.1.144/28
192.168.1.1010 0000/27---192.168.1.160/27---R5环回链路
2、配置IP地址
[R1]int g 0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad 192.168.1.1 30
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip ad 192.168.1.5 30
[R1]interface LoopBack 0
[R1-LoopBack0]interface LoopBack 0
[R1-LoopBack1]ip address 192.168.1.33
[R1-LoopBack0]interface LoopBack 1
[R1-LoopBack1]ip address 192.168.1.49
R2、R3、R4、R5配置同理
3、R3配置DHCP服务器
[R3]dhcp enable
Info: The operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment.done.
[R3]ip pool aa
Info:It's successful to create an IP address pool.
[R3-ip-pool-aa]net
[R3-ip-pool-aa]network 192.168.1.96 mask 27
[R3-ip-pool-aa]gateway-list 192.168.1.97
[R3-ip-pool-aa]dns-list 114.114.114.114
[R3-ip-pool-aa]int g 0/0/2
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]dhcp select global
4、配置静态路由
R1配置:
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.6
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.6
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.160 27 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.2
R2配置:
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.1
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.1
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.1
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.10
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.10
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.10
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.10
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.160 27 192.168.1.10
[R2]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.10
R3配置:
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.5
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.5
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.5
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.14
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.14
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.14
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.14
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.160 27 192.168.1.14
[R3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.14
R4配置:
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.9
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.9
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.9
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.13
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.13
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.160 27 192.168.1.18
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.160 27 192.168.1.22
[R4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.18
[R4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.22
R5配置:
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 24 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 24 192.168.1.21
[R5]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 12.0.0.1
5、配置空接口,防止成环
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 NULL 0
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 NULL 0
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 NULL 0
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.160 27 NULL 0
6、R4与R5正常通过1000M链路,故障时通过100m链路
修改优先级即可
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.2 preference 61
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.6 preference 61
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.10 preference 61
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.14 preference 61
[R4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.22 preference 61
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 24 192.168.1.21 preference 61
7、均可访问R6环回:
R5配置easy IP:
[R5]acl 2000
[R5-acl-basic-2000]rule 10 permit source 192.168.1.0 0.0.255.255
[R5-acl-basic-2000]int g 0/0/1
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]nat outbound 2000
8、R6 telnet R5,实则登录R1
[R1]aaa
[R1-aaa]local-user admin privilege level 15 password cipher 123456
[R1-aaa]local-user admin service-type telnet
[R1]user-interface vty 0 4
[R1-ui-vty0-4]authentication-mode aaa
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]nat server protocol tcp global current-interface 23 inside 192.168.1.1 23
Warning:The port 23 is well-known port. If you continue it may cause function failure.
Are you sure to continue?[Y/N]:y
R6验证:
<R6>telnet 12.0.0.2
Trying 12.0.0.2 ...
Press CTRL+K to abort
Connected to 12.0.0.2 ...
Login authentication
Username:
Password:
Info: The max number of VTY users is 10, and the number
of current VTY users on line is 1.
The current login time is 2024-03-16 14:16:39.
<R1>