项目中遇到需要统计windows平台硬件资源的需求。采用WMI进行获取,但在获取硬盘型号以及对应的逻辑分区时被卡住了。
我们知道磁盘驱动器与硬盘是一对一的关系,而硬盘与逻辑磁盘是一对多关系。采用WMI中类Win32_DiskDrive能获取磁盘驱动器信息,Win32_LogicalDisk能获取具体逻辑磁盘信息(包括已使用大小,总大小等);而GetLogicalDriveStrings 与GetDiskFreeSpaceEx Win32 API能够获取与Win32_LogicalDisk相同的信息。以上无法满足需求,如何将磁盘驱动器的磁盘型号信息与逻辑磁盘信息对应呢?下面直接上代码(代码是我从MSDN上找的啦~。~,少量改写)。
#define _WIN32_DCOM
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#include <comdef.h>
#include <Wbemidl.h>
#pragma comment(lib, "wbemuuid.lib")
BOOL wmi_run();
BOOL wmi_getDriveLetters();
BOOL wmi_close();
IWbemLocator *pLoc = NULL;
IWbemServices *pSvc = NULL;
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
wmi_run();
wmi_getDriveLetters();
system("pause");
wmi_close();
}
//
// Step 1-5 at:
// https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa390423(VS.85).aspx
BOOL wmi_run()
{
HRESULT hres;
// Step 1: --------------------------------------------------
// Initialize COM. ------------------------------------------
hres = CoInitializeEx(0, COINIT_MULTITHREADED);
if (FAILED(hres))
{
cout << "Failed to initialize COM library. Error code = 0x"
<< hex << hres << endl;
return 1; // Program has failed.
}
// Step 2: --------------------------------------------------
// Set general COM security levels --------------------------
// Note: If you are using Windows 2000, you need to specify -
// the default authentication credentials for a user by using
// a SOLE_AUTHENTICATION_LIST structure in the pAuthList ----
// parameter of CoInitializeSecurity ------------------------
hres = CoInitializeSecurity(
NULL,
-1, // COM authentication
NULL, // Authentication services
NULL, // Reserved
RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_DEFAULT, // Default authentication
RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_IMPERSONATE, // Default Impersonation
NULL, // Authentication info
EOAC_NONE, // Additional capabilities
NULL // Reserved
);
if (FAILED(hres))
{
cout << "Failed to initialize security. Error code = 0x"
<< hex << hres << endl;
CoUninitialize();
return 1; // Program has failed.
}
// Step 3: ---------------------------------------------------
// Obtain the initial locator to WMI -------------------------
//IWbemLocator *pLoc = NULL;
hres = CoCreateInstance(
CLSID_WbemLocator,
0,
CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER,
IID_IWbemLocator, (LPVOID *)&pLoc);
if (FAILED(hres))
{
cout << "Failed to create IWbemLocator object."
<< " Err code = 0x"
<< hex << hres << endl;
CoUninitialize();
return 1; // Program has failed.
}
// Step 4: -----------------------------------------------------
// Connect to WMI through the IWbemLocator::ConnectServer method
//IWbemServices *pSvc = NULL;
// Connect to the root\cimv2 namespace with
// the current user and obtain pointer pSvc
// to make IWbemServices calls.
hres = pLoc->ConnectServer(
_bstr_t(L"ROOT\\CIMV2"), // Object path of WMI namespace
NULL, // User name. NULL = current user
NULL, // User password. NULL = current
0, // Locale. NULL indicates current
NULL, // Security flags.
0, // Authority (e.g. Kerberos)
0, // Context object
&pSvc // pointer to IWbemServices proxy
);
if (FAILED(hres))
{
cout << "Could not connect. Error code = 0x"
<< hex << hres << endl;
pLoc->Release();
CoUninitialize();
return 1; // Program has failed.
}
cout << "Connected to ROOT\\CIMV2 WMI namespace" << endl;
// Step 5: --------------------------------------------------
// Set security levels on the proxy -------------------------
hres = CoSetProxyBlanket(
pSvc, // Indicates the proxy to set
RPC_C_AUTHN_WINNT, // RPC_C_AUTHN_xxx
RPC_C_AUTHZ_NONE, // RPC_C_AUTHZ_xxx
NULL, // Server principal name
RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_CALL, // RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_xxx
RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_IMPERSONATE, // RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_xxx
NULL, // client identity
EOAC_NONE // proxy capabilities
);
if (FAILED(hres))
{
cout << "Could not set proxy blanket. Error code = 0x"
<< hex << hres << endl;
pSvc->Release();
pLoc->Release();
CoUninitialize();
return 1; // Program has failed.
}
return 0;
}
//
// get Drives, logical Drives and Driveletters
BOOL wmi_getDriveLetters()
{
// Use the IWbemServices pointer to make requests of WMI.
// Make requests here:
HRESULT hres;
IEnumWbemClassObject* pEnumerator = NULL;
// get localdrives
hres = pSvc->ExecQuery(
bstr_t("WQL"),
bstr_t("SELECT * FROM Win32_DiskDrive"),
WBEM_FLAG_FORWARD_ONLY | WBEM_FLAG_RETURN_IMMEDIATELY,
NULL,
&pEnumerator);
if (FAILED(hres)) {
cout << "Query for processes failed. "
<< "Error code = 0x"
<< hex << hres << endl;
pSvc->Release();
pLoc->Release();
CoUninitialize();
return FALSE; // Program has failed.
}
else {
IWbemClassObject *pclsObj;
ULONG uReturn = 0;
while (pEnumerator) {
hres = pEnumerator->Next(WBEM_INFINITE, 1,
&pclsObj, &uReturn);
if (0 == uReturn) break;
VARIANT vtProp;
hres = pclsObj->Get(_bstr_t(L"DeviceID"), 0, &vtProp, 0, 0);
// adjust string
wstring tmp = vtProp.bstrVal;
tmp = tmp.substr(4);
// Size属性可以获取硬盘的大小哦(暂时注释掉啦)
// 如果需要使用的话,注意先判断vtProp的类型,目前虽然VARIANT结构体内置多种类型,
// 但目前只支持四种类型:VT_I4、VT_DISPATCH、VT_BSTR、VT_EMPTY
// 对应获取值得名称:lVal、pdispVal、bstrVal、none
// 例如:vtProp类型为VT_BSTR,获取值为vtProp.bstrValue
// 最后注意:获取的值为宽字符,可以通过WideCharToMultiByte转化为多字符
// pclsObj->Get(L"Size", 0, &vtProp, 0, 0);
// 打印硬盘型号
pclsObj->Get(L"Caption", 0, &vtProp, 0, 0);
if (!(vtProp.vt == VT_EMPTY || vtProp.vt == VT_I4 ||
vtProp.vt == VT_DISPATCH))
printf("硬盘型号:%ls\n", vtProp.bstrVal);
wstring wstrQuery = L"Associators of {Win32_DiskDrive.DeviceID='\\\\.\\";
wstrQuery += tmp;
wstrQuery += L"'} where AssocClass=Win32_DiskDriveToDiskPartition";
// reference drive to partition
IEnumWbemClassObject* pEnumerator1 = NULL;
hres = pSvc->ExecQuery(
bstr_t("WQL"),
bstr_t(wstrQuery.c_str()),
WBEM_FLAG_FORWARD_ONLY | WBEM_FLAG_RETURN_IMMEDIATELY,
NULL,
&pEnumerator1);
if (FAILED(hres)) {
cout << "Query for processes failed. "
<< "Error code = 0x"
<< hex << hres << endl;
pSvc->Release();
pLoc->Release();
CoUninitialize();
return FALSE; // Program has failed.
}
else {
IWbemClassObject *pclsObj1;
ULONG uReturn1 = 0;
while (pEnumerator1) {
hres = pEnumerator1->Next(WBEM_INFINITE, 1,
&pclsObj1, &uReturn1);
if (0 == uReturn1) break;
// 此处获取的都是Win32_DiskPartition磁盘分区信息
// 我们的需求不会使用到,保持不变即可
// reference logical drive to partition
VARIANT vtProp1;
hres = pclsObj1->Get(_bstr_t(L"DeviceID"), 0, &vtProp1, 0, 0);
//printf("DeviceID:%ls\n",vtProp1.bstrVal);
wstring wstrQuery = L"Associators of {Win32_DiskPartition.DeviceID='";
wstrQuery += vtProp1.bstrVal;
wstrQuery += L"'} where AssocClass=Win32_LogicalDiskToPartition";
IEnumWbemClassObject* pEnumerator2 = NULL;
hres = pSvc->ExecQuery(
bstr_t("WQL"),
bstr_t(wstrQuery.c_str()),
WBEM_FLAG_FORWARD_ONLY | WBEM_FLAG_RETURN_IMMEDIATELY,
NULL,
&pEnumerator2);
if (FAILED(hres)) {
cout << "Query for processes failed. "
<< "Error code = 0x"
<< hex << hres << endl;
pSvc->Release();
pLoc->Release();
CoUninitialize();
return FALSE; // Program has failed.
}
else {
// get driveletter
IWbemClassObject *pclsObj2;
ULONG uReturn2 = 0;
while (pEnumerator2) {
hres = pEnumerator2->Next(WBEM_INFINITE, 1,
&pclsObj2, &uReturn2);
if (0 == uReturn2) break;
// 获取的是Win32_LogicalDisk的信息
// 例如:磁盘C,磁盘D都是同一硬盘的逻辑磁盘
// 可以在单独获取磁盘C、磁盘D的剩余空间,总空间信息
// 下面vtProp.bstrVal为上面获取的硬盘的型号
// vtProp2.bstrVal为磁盘的盘符C或D
// 分别获取磁盘的总大小和剩余大小。注意事项和硬盘部分描述一样
// pclsObj2->Get(L"Size", 0, &vtProp2, 0, 0);
// pclsObj2->Get(L"FreeSpace", 0, &vtProp2, 0, 0);
VARIANT vtProp2;
hres = pclsObj2->Get(_bstr_t(L"DeviceID"), 0, &vtProp2, 0, 0);
// print result
printf("硬盘型号:%ls\t磁盘盘符:%ls\n", vtProp.bstrVal, vtProp2.bstrVal);
VariantClear(&vtProp2);
}
pclsObj1->Release();
}
VariantClear(&vtProp1);
pEnumerator2->Release();
}
pclsObj->Release();
}
VariantClear(&vtProp);
pEnumerator1->Release();
}
}
pEnumerator->Release();
return TRUE;
}
BOOL wmi_close()
{
// Cleanup
// ========
pSvc->Release();
pLoc->Release();
CoUninitialize();
return 0; // Program successfully completed.
}
运行结果:
我的电脑上只有一块硬盘,硬盘对应的逻辑磁盘分区分别为C、D。到此完成了。