享元模式

享元模式：运用共享技术有效的支持大量细粒度的对象。

抽象实例

Flyweight.java

public abstract class Flyweight {
    /**
     * 通过这个接口flyweight可以接受并作用于外部状态
     * @param extrinsicstate 外在状态
     */
    public abstract void operation(int extrinsicstate);

}

class ConcreteFlyweight extends Flyweight{

    @Override
    public void operation(int extrinsicstate) {
        System.out.println("具体的Flyweight"+extrinsicstate);
    }
}

class UnsharedFlyweight extends Flyweight{

    @Override
    public void operation(int extrinsicstate) {
        System.out.println("不共享的具体的Flyweight"+extrinsicstate);
    }
}

FlyweightFactory.java

import java.util.HashMap;
/**
 * @author zhu_xiang 
 * Description:根据String来返回Flyweight对象
 */
public class FlyweightFactory {

    private HashMap flyweights=new HashMap();

    public FlyweightFactory(){
        flyweights.put("X", new ConcreteFlyweight());
        flyweights.put("Y", new ConcreteFlyweight());
        flyweights.put("Z", new ConcreteFlyweight());
    }

    public Flyweight getFlyweight(String key){
        return (Flyweight)flyweights.get(key);
    }

}

Test.java

public class Test {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int extrinsicstate=22;
        FlyweightFactory flyweightFactory = new FlyweightFactory();

        Flyweight fx=flyweightFactory.getFlyweight("X");
        fx.operation(--extrinsicstate);

        Flyweight fy=flyweightFactory.getFlyweight("Y");
        fy.operation(--extrinsicstate);

        Flyweight fz=flyweightFactory.getFlyweight("Z");
        fz.operation(--extrinsicstate);

        UnsharedFlyweight unsharedFlyweight = new UnsharedFlyweight();
        unsharedFlyweight.operation(--extrinsicstate);

    }

}

输出

实例：网站共享代码

WebSite.java

public abstract class WebSite {
    /**
     * 通过这个接口接受外部状态
     */
    public abstract void use();
}

class ConcreteWebSite extends WebSite{

    String name="";

    public ConcreteWebSite(String name) {
        this.name=name;
    }
    @Override
    public void use() {
        System.out.println("网站分类："+name);
    }

}

WebSitefactory.java

import java.util.Hashtable;

public class WebSiteFactory {

    private Hashtable flyweights=new Hashtable();

    /**
     * 获得网站分类
     */
    public WebSite getWebSiteCatagory(String key){
        //如果不存在实例则创建一个实例，实现复用
        if(!flyweights.containsKey(key)){
            flyweights.put(key, new ConcreteWebSite(key));
        }
        return (WebSite)flyweights.get(key);
    }

    /**
     * 获得网站总数
     */
    public int getWebSiteCount(){
        return flyweights.size();
    }
}

Test.java

public class Test {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        WebSiteFactory webSiteFactory = new WebSiteFactory();

        WebSite fx = webSiteFactory.getWebSiteCatagory("产品展示");
        fx.use();

        WebSite fy = webSiteFactory.getWebSiteCatagory("产品展示");
        fy.use();

        WebSite fz = webSiteFactory.getWebSiteCatagory("产品展示");
        fz.use();

        WebSite f1 = webSiteFactory.getWebSiteCatagory("博客");
        f1.use();

        WebSite f2 = webSiteFactory.getWebSiteCatagory("博客");
        f2.use();

        WebSite f3 = webSiteFactory.getWebSiteCatagory("博客");
        f3.use();

        System.out.println("网站分类总数："+webSiteFactory.getWebSiteCount());

    }

}

输出

实例：网站共享

内部状态/外部状态：在享元对象的内部不会随环境的改变而改变的共享部分，称为享元对象的内部状态。而随着环境的变化而改变的，不可以共享的状态就是外部状态。

User.java-非共享部分

public class User {

    private String name;
    public User(String name){
        this.name=name;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

}

WebSite.java

package zx.flyweightpattern.test3;

public abstract class WebSite {

    /**
     * 使用的方法需要传递User对象
     * @param user
     */
    public abstract void use(User user);

}

class ConcreteWebSite extends WebSite{

    private String name="";
    public ConcreteWebSite(String name){
        this.name=name;
    }
    @Override
    public void use(User user) {
        System.out.println("网站分类："+name+" 用户："+user.getName());
    }

}

WebSiteFactory.java

import java.util.Hashtable;

public class WebSiteFactory {

    private Hashtable flyweights=new Hashtable();

    //获得网站分类
    public WebSite getWebSiteCatagory(String key){
        if(!flyweights.containsKey(key)){
            flyweights.put(key,new ConcreteWebSite(key));
        }
        return (WebSite)flyweights.get(key);
    }

    //获取网站总类数
    public int getWebSiteCount(){
        return flyweights.size();
    }

}

Test.java

package zx.flyweightpattern.test3;

public class Test {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        WebSiteFactory webSiteFactory = new WebSiteFactory();

        WebSite f1 = webSiteFactory.getWebSiteCatagory("产品展示");
        f1.use(new User("小明"));

        WebSite f2 = webSiteFactory.getWebSiteCatagory("产品展示");
        f2.use(new User("小王"));

        WebSite f3 = webSiteFactory.getWebSiteCatagory("产品展示");
        f3.use(new User("小方"));

        WebSite f4 = webSiteFactory.getWebSiteCatagory("博客");
        f4.use(new User("小明"));

        WebSite f5 = webSiteFactory.getWebSiteCatagory("博客");
        f5.use(new User("小强"));

        WebSite f6 = webSiteFactory.getWebSiteCatagory("购物");
        f6.use(new User("小东"));

        System.out.println("得到网站分类总数："+webSiteFactory.getWebSiteCount());
    }

}

输出