HashMap 基于1.8 分析
HashMap 的底层是基于数组加链接(红黑树)实现的。
HashMap 的一些参数
DEFAULT_INITIAL_CAPACITY 初始容量 16
MAXIMUM_CAPACITY 最大容量 2的30次方
DEFAULT_LOAD_FACTOR 负载因子 0.75
TREEIFY_THRESHOLD 链表转化为红黑树的阈值 8
UNTREEIFY_THRESHOLD 红黑树转化为链表 6
MIN_TREEIFY_CAPACITY 最小树化的容量
初始化容量
/**
initialCapacity 初始数组大小
loadFactor 负载系数 0.75
**/
public HashMap(int initialCapacity, float loadFactor) {
if (initialCapacity < 0)
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Illegal initial capacity: " +
initialCapacity);
if (initialCapacity > MAXIMUM_CAPACITY)
initialCapacity = MAXIMUM_CAPACITY;
if (loadFactor <= 0 || Float.isNaN(loadFactor))
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Illegal load factor: " +
loadFactor);
this.loadFactor = loadFactor;
this.threshold = tableSizeFor(initialCapacity);
}
//tableSizeFor(initialCapacity)的方法使得初始化tab的容量为 比initialCapacity 大的最接近的2次幂倍
put方法
final V putVal(int hash, K key, V value, boolean onlyIfAbsent,
boolean evict) {
Node<K,V>[] tab;
Node<K,V> p;
int n, i;
if ((tab = table) == null || (n = tab.length) == 0)//第一次put会走的方法
n = (tab = resize()).length;
if ((p = tab[i = (n - 1) & hash]) == null)//计算这给位置上是不是存放着数据,如果没有的话,直接put进去
tab[i] = newNode(hash, key, value, null);
else {
Node<K,V> e; K k;
if (p.hash == hash &&
((k = p.key) == key || (key != null && key.equals(k))))
e = p;
else if (p instanceof TreeNode)
e = ((TreeNode<K,V>)p).putTreeVal(this, tab, hash, key, value);
else {
for (int binCount = 0; ; ++binCount) {
if ((e = p.next) == null) {
p.next = newNode(hash, key, value, null);
if (binCount >= TREEIFY_THRESHOLD - 1) // -1 for 1st
treeifyBin(tab, hash);
break;
}
if (e.hash == hash &&
((k = e.key) == key || (key != null && key.equals(k))))
break;
p = e;
}
}
if (e != null) { // existing mapping for key
V oldValue = e.value;
if (!onlyIfAbsent || oldValue == null)
e.value = value;
afterNodeAccess(e);
return oldValue;
}
}
++modCount;
if (++size > threshold)
resize();
afterNodeInsertion(evict);
return null;
}
resize方法
final Node<K,V>[] resize() {
Node<K,V>[] oldTab = table;//oldTab :当前表
int oldCap = (oldTab == null) ? 0 : oldTab.length;//如果第一次put的话oldCap=0,否则等于当前表的大小
int oldThr = threshold; //类变量 int threshold 没有声明大小,所以第一put的话大小为0
int newCap, newThr = 0;//新的容量 和 新的阈值
if (oldCap > 0) {
if (oldCap >= MAXIMUM_CAPACITY) {
threshold = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
return oldTab;
}
else if ((newCap = oldCap << 1) < MAXIMUM_CAPACITY &&
oldCap >= DEFAULT_INITIAL_CAPACITY)
newThr = oldThr << 1; // double threshold
}
else if (oldThr > 0) // initial capacity was placed in threshold
newCap = oldThr;
else {//使用默认值
newCap = DEFAULT_INITIAL_CAPACITY;//16
newThr = (int)(DEFAULT_LOAD_FACTOR * DEFAULT_INITIAL_CAPACITY);//0.75*16
}
if (newThr == 0) {
float ft = (float)newCap * loadFactor;
newThr = (newCap < MAXIMUM_CAPACITY && ft < (float)MAXIMUM_CAPACITY ?
(int)ft : Integer.MAX_VALUE);
}
threshold = newThr;//旧的阈值 = 新的阈值
@SuppressWarnings({"rawtypes","unchecked"})
Node<K,V>[] newTab = (Node<K,V>[])new Node[newCap];
table = newTab;
if (oldTab != null) {
for (int j = 0; j < oldCap; ++j) {
Node<K,V> e;
if ((e = oldTab[j]) != null) {
oldTab[j] = null;
if (e.next == null)
newTab[e.hash & (newCap - 1)] = e;
else if (e instanceof TreeNode)
((TreeNode<K,V>)e).split(this, newTab, j, oldCap);
else { // preserve order
Node<K,V> loHead = null, loTail = null;
Node<K,V> hiHead = null, hiTail = null;
Node<K,V> next;
do {
next = e.next;
if ((e.hash & oldCap) == 0) {
if (loTail == null)
loHead = e;
else
loTail.next = e;
loTail = e;
}
else {
if (hiTail == null)
hiHead = e;
else
hiTail.next = e;
hiTail = e;
}
} while ((e = next) != null);
if (loTail != null) {
loTail.next = null;
newTab[j] = loHead;
}
if (hiTail != null) {
hiTail.next = null;
newTab[j + oldCap] = hiHead;
}
}
}
}
}
return newTab;
}