java设计模式之解释器模式

一、定义与类型：

》定义：给定一个语言，定义它的文法的一种表示，并定义一个解释器，这个解释器使用该表示来解释语言中的句子。

》为了解释一种语言，二位语言创建的解释器。

》类型:行为型

二、适用场景：

》某个特定类型问题发生频率足够高；

一般使用开源包。

三、解释器模式优点：

》语法由很多类表示，容易改变及扩展此“语言”；

四、缺点：

》当语法规则数目太多时，增加了系统复杂度，现实中使用率极低。

五、相关模式：

解释器模式和适配器模式。

六、代码实践：

package pattern.behaviral.interprator;

/**
 * Created by Administrator on 2019/8/25.
 */
public interface Interpreter {
    int interpret();
}

package pattern.behaviral.interprator;


/**
 * Created by Administrator on 2019/8/25.
 */
public class AddInterpreter implements Interpreter{
    private Interpreter firstExpression,secondExpression;
    public AddInterpreter(Interpreter firstExpression,Interpreter secondExpression){
        this.firstExpression = firstExpression;
        this.secondExpression = secondExpression;
    }
    public int interpret() {
        return this.firstExpression.interpret()+this.secondExpression.interpret();
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "+";
    }
}

package pattern.behaviral.interprator;

/**
 * Created by Administrator on 2019/8/25.
 */
public class MultiInterpreter implements Interpreter {
    private Interpreter firstExpression,secondExpression;
    public MultiInterpreter(Interpreter firstExpression,Interpreter secondExpression){
        this.firstExpression = firstExpression;
        this.secondExpression = secondExpression;
    }
    public int interpret() {
        return this.firstExpression.interpret()*this.secondExpression.interpret();
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "*";
    }
}

package pattern.behaviral.interprator;

/**
 * Created by Administrator on 2019/8/25.
 */
public class OperatorUtil {
    public static boolean isOperator(String symbol){
        return (symbol.equals("+") || symbol.equals("*"));
    }
    public static Interpreter getExpressionObject(Interpreter firstInterpreter,Interpreter secondInterpreter,String symbol){
        if (symbol.equals("+")){
            return new AddInterpreter(firstInterpreter,secondInterpreter);
        }else if(symbol.equals("*")){
            return new MultiInterpreter(firstInterpreter,secondInterpreter);
        }
        return null;
    }
}

package pattern.behaviral.interprator;

/**
 * Created by Administrator on 2019/8/25.
 */
public class NumberInterpreter implements Interpreter {
    private int number;
    public NumberInterpreter(int number){
        this.number = number;
    }
    public NumberInterpreter(String number){
        this.number = Integer.parseInt(number);
    }
    public int interpret() {
        return this.number;
    }
}

package pattern.behaviral.interprator;

import com.sun.deploy.util.StringUtils;

import java.util.Stack;

/**
 * Created by Administrator on 2019/8/25.
 */
public class GeelyExpressionParser {
    private Stack<Interpreter> stack = new Stack<Interpreter>();

    public int parse(String str) {
        String[] strItemArray = str.split(" ");
        for (String symbol : strItemArray) {
            if (!OperatorUtil.isOperator(symbol)) {
                Interpreter numberExpression = new NumberInterpreter(symbol);
                stack.push(numberExpression);
                System.out.println(String.format("入栈：%d", numberExpression.interpret()));
            } else {
                //是运算符号可以计算
                Interpreter firstExpression = stack.pop();
                Interpreter secondExpression = stack.pop();
                System.out.println(String.format("出栈：%d 和 %d",
                        firstExpression.interpret(),
                        secondExpression.interpret()));
                Interpreter operator = OperatorUtil.getExpressionObject(firstExpression, secondExpression, symbol);
                System.out.println(String.format("应用运算符：%s", operator.interpret()));
                int result = operator.interpret();
                NumberInterpreter resultExpression = new NumberInterpreter(result);
                stack.push(resultExpression);
                System.out.println(String.format("阶段结果入栈：%d", resultExpression.interpret()));
            }

        }
        int result = stack.pop().interpret();
        return result;
    }
}

package pattern.behaviral.interprator;
/**
 * Created by Administrator on 2019/8/25.
 */
public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String geelyInputStr = "6 100 11 + *";
        GeelyExpressionParser expressionParser = new GeelyExpressionParser();
        int result = expressionParser.parse(geelyInputStr);
        System.out.println("解释器计算结果："+ result);
    }
}

"D:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_102\bin\java" "-javaagent:D:\InteliijIDea\IntelliJ IDEA 2017.1.4\lib\idea_rt.jar=51167:D:\InteliijIDea\IntelliJ IDEA 2017.1.4\bin" -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 -classpath "D:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_102\jre\lib\charsets.jar;D:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_102\jre\lib\deploy.jar;D:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_102\jre\lib\ext\access-bridge-64.jar;D:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_102\jre\lib\ext\cldrdata.jar;D:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_102\jre\lib\ext\dnsns.jar;D:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_102\jre\lib\ext\jaccess.jar;D:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_102\jre\lib\ext\jfxrt.jar;D:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_102\jre\lib\ext\localedata.jar;D:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_102\jre\lib\ext\nashorn.jar;D:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_102\jre\lib\ext\sunec.jar;D:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_102\jre\lib\ext\sunjce_provider.jar;D:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_102\jre\lib\ext\sunmscapi.jar;D:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_102\jre\lib\ext\sunpkcs11.jar;D:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_102\jre\lib\ext\zipfs.jar;D:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_102\jre\lib\javaws.jar;D:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_102\jre\lib\jce.jar;D:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_102\jre\lib\jfr.jar;D:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_102\jre\lib\jfxswt.jar;D:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_102\jre\lib\jsse.jar;D:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_102\jre\lib\management-agent.jar;D:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_102\jre\lib\plugin.jar;D:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_102\jre\lib\resources.jar;D:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_102\jre\lib\rt.jar;E:\JavaDesignMode\target\classes" pattern.behaviral.interprator.Test
入栈：6
入栈：100
入栈：11
出栈：11 和 100
应用运算符：111
阶段结果入栈：111
出栈：111 和 6
应用运算符：666
阶段结果入栈：666
解释器计算结果：666

Process finished with exit code 0

七、jdk中的源码：

jdk中的正则表达式Pattern

spring中的el表达式 SpelExpressionParser Expression 类可以查看下，parseExpression（）方法可以注意下