C中消息队列

mymsg.h

#ifndef __MYMSG_H__
#define __MYMSG_H__

#define N 32

struct mydata{
	int a;
	int b;
};

struct msgbuf{
   long mtype;       /* message type, must be > 0 */
   char mtext[sizeof(struct mydata)];    /* message data */
};

#endif

msg_snd.c

#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/ipc.h>
#include <sys/msg.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <string.h>
#include "mymsg.h"

struct mydata data1 = {11,21},data2 = {31,41},data3 = {51,61};

struct msgbuf msgp[3] = {
	[0] = {
		.mtype = 1,
	},
	[1] = {
		.mtype = 1,
	},
	[2] = {
		.mtype = 2,
	}
};

void mycp(char *dest,char *src,int n)
{
	int i = 0;
	for(;i < n;i++)
    {
		*dest = *src;
		dest++;
		src++;
	}
    return ;
}

int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
	int i = 0;
	int msgid = msgget((key_t)12,IPC_CREAT|IPC_EXCL|0644);
	if(msgid < 0)
    {
		if(errno == EEXIST)
        {
			msgid = msgget((key_t)12,0644);
		}
        else
        {
			perror("msgid");
			return -1;
		}	
	}	
#if 0
	mycp(msgp[0].mtext,(char *)&data1,sizeof(struct mydata));
	mycp(msgp[1].mtext,(char *)&data2,sizeof(struct mydata));
	mycp(msgp[2].mtext,(char *)&data3,sizeof(struct mydata));
#else
	memcpy(msgp[0].mtext,(char *)&data1,sizeof(struct mydata));
	memcpy(msgp[1].mtext,(char *)&data2,sizeof(struct mydata));
	memcpy(msgp[2].mtext,(char *)&data3,sizeof(struct mydata));

#endif
	msgsnd(msgid,msgp,sizeof(struct mydata),0);
	msgsnd(msgid,msgp+1,sizeof(struct mydata),0);
	msgsnd(msgid,msgp+2,sizeof(struct mydata),0);

	for(i = 0; i < 3 ; i++){
		printf("msg %d:a = %d,b=%d\n",i,((struct mydata*)(msgp[i].mtext))->a,\
			((struct mydata *)(msgp[i].mtext))->b);
	}

	return 0;
}

msg_rcv.c

#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/ipc.h>
#include <sys/msg.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include "mymsg.h"

#define MSG_EXCEPT      020000

int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
	int i ;
	struct msgbuf buf[3];
    
	int msgid = msgget((key_t)12,IPC_CREAT|IPC_EXCL|0644);
	if(msgid < 0)
    {
		if(errno == EEXIST)
        {
			msgid = msgget((key_t)12,0644);
		}
        else
        {
			perror("msgid");
			return -1;
		}	
	}
    
#if 1
	msgrcv(msgid, buf, sizeof(struct mydata),1,0);
	msgrcv(msgid, buf+1, sizeof(struct mydata),1,0);
	msgrcv(msgid, buf+2, sizeof(struct mydata),2,0);

	for(i = 0; i < 3 ; i++)
    {
		printf("masg %d:a = %d,b=%d\n",i,((struct mydata*)(buf[i].mtext))->a,\
			((struct mydata *)(buf[i].mtext))->b);
	}
#else

	msgrcv(msgid, buf, sizeof(struct mydata),1,MSG_EXCEPT);
	printf("msg 3:a = %d,b=%d\n",((struct mydata*)(buf[0].mtext))->a,\
			((struct mydata *)(buf[0].mtext))->b);

#endif

	return 0;
}

测试结果

ipcs -q

消息队列创建成功

发送消息队列

ipcs -q

可见目前有三条消息

接收消息队列

消息队列信息被读走