004 分库分表_MariaDB(Mysql)-主从安装

MariaDB(Mysql)-主从安装：

参考：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_39719589/article/details/81835330

【国内镜像】https://www.jianshu.com/p/0e81d4848ccf

【contos6配置】https://www.cnblogs.com/kevingrace/p/8556239.html

安装以上参考完成安装,并配置服务启动;

1.拷贝文件：cp /usr/share/mysql/my-huge.cnf /etc/my.cnf

2.关闭防火墙；

3.开始设置Mariadb数据库, 执行脚本：/usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation
按照下面提示进行操作即可：
NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MariaDB
SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE! PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!
In order to log into MariaDB to secure it, we'll need the current
password for the root user. If you've just installed MariaDB, and
you haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank,
so you should just press enter here.
Enter current password for root (enter for none): 安装后默认没有root密码，直接回车
OK, successfully used password, moving on...
Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MariaDB
root user without the proper authorisation.
Set root password? [Y/n] Y
New password: 输入root的新密码
Re-enter new password: 新密码确认
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
... Success!
By default, a MariaDB installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone
to log into MariaDB without having to have a user account created for
them. This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation
go a bit smoother. You should remove them before moving into a
production environment.
Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] 删除匿名用户 Y
... Success!
Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'. This
ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.
Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] 关闭root远程登录 Y
... Success!
By default, MariaDB comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can
access. This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed
before moving into a production environment.
Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] 删除test数据库 Y
- Dropping test database...
... Success!
- Removing privileges on test database...
... Success!
Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far
will take effect immediately. Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] 确定以上所有操作 Y
... Success!
Cleaning up...
All done! If you've completed all of the above steps, your MariaDB
installation should now be secure.
Thanks for using MariaDB!

4.配置MariaDB主从：

4.1 修改vim /etc/my.cnf配置文件：
主节点不需要进行修改

从节点进行修改 server-id=2

PS:进行重启从节点（slave）：systemctl restart mariadb【contos6：service mysql restart】
4.2 在主节点上建立账户并且授权Slave
登录MariaDB数据库：mysql -uroot -proot
建立主从复制用户并授权：
语法：
GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.*{所有权限} TO 'slave'@'%'{用户名为slave，%为任意地址} IDENTIFIED BY 'slave';
命令：
GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'slave'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'slave';

4.3 查询SQL（Master的状态） 命令：SHOW MASTER STATUS;

4.4配置从节点SLAVE：（注意在从节点上执行）
登录从服务器：mysql -uroot -proot进行配置：
语法：
CHANGE MASTER TO
MASTER_HOST='主节点的IP地址', MASTER_USER='主节点授权的用户', MASTER_PASSWORD='主节点授权的用户的密码',MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000007',MASTER_LOG_POS=2197;
命令： CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='192.168.11.31',MASTER_USER='slave',MASTER_PASSWORD='slave',MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000007',MASTER_LOG_POS=2197;
PS:注意语法逗号前后不要用空格。
4.5查看主从状态验证：
命令：show slave status\G;

4.6授权远程用户root登录：（主从都需要进行执行）
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'root' WITH GRANT OPTION;
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

5.创建数据库验证主从：

5.1 在master创建数据库：

5.2 在SLAVE上查看：

主从配置完成；

注意：

1.出现Slave_SQL_Running：no和slave_io_running：no问题的解决方法

参考：https://www.cnblogs.com/l-hh/p/9922548.html

2.MHA集群报错：The slave I/O thread stops because master and slave have equal MySQL server UUIDs

参考：https://blog.csdn.net/sunbocong/article/details/81634296