图片缓存-LruCache、DiskLruCache

最新推荐文章于 2023-09-22 21:12:15 发布

melonss

最新推荐文章于 2023-09-22 21:12:15 发布

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分类专栏： android开发

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/zxyudia/article/details/51274495

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LruCache是一个泛型类，它内部采用了一个LinkedHashMap，以加强引用的方式存储外界的缓存对象，其提供了get和put方法，来完成缓存的获取和添加缓存，当缓存满时，LruCache会移除较早的缓存对象，然后再添加新的缓存对象。DiskLruCache用于实现存储设备的缓存，它通过将缓存对象写入到文件系统从而实现缓存的效果，DiskLruCache得到了官方推荐，但不属于Android SDK的一部分。
下面看代码：

//主界面代码：
public class MainActivity extends Activity {

    /**
     * 用于展示照片墙的GridView
     */
    private GridView mPhotoWall;

    /**
     * GridView的适配器
     */
    private PhotoWallAdapter mAdapter;

    private int mImageThumbSize;
    private int mImageThumbSpacing=2;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        /*mImageThumbSize = getResources().getDimensionPixelSize(
                R.dimen.image_thumbnail_size);*/
        /*mImageThumbSpacing = getResources().getDimensionPixelSize(
                R.dimen.image_thumbnail_spacing);*/
        mPhotoWall = (GridView) findViewById(R.id.photo_wall);
        mAdapter = new PhotoWallAdapter(this, 0, Images.imageThumbUrls,
                mPhotoWall);
        mPhotoWall.setAdapter(mAdapter);

    /*  mPhotoWall.getViewTreeObserver().addOnGlobalLayoutListener(
                new ViewTreeObserver.OnGlobalLayoutListener() {

                    @Override
                    public void onGlobalLayout() {
                        final int numColumns = (int) Math.floor(mPhotoWall
                                .getWidth()
                                / (mImageThumbSize + mImageThumbSpacing));

//                      if (numColumns > 0) {
                            int columnWidth = (mPhotoWall.getWidth() /3)
                                    - mImageThumbSpacing;
                            mAdapter.setItemHeight(columnWidth);
                            mPhotoWall.getViewTreeObserver()
                                    .removeGlobalOnLayoutListener(this);
//                      }
                    }
                });
        */

        mPhotoWall.post(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                int columnWidth = (mPhotoWall.getWidth() /3);
                mAdapter.setItemHeight(columnWidth);
        }
        });

    }

    @Override
    protected void onPause() {
        super.onPause();
        mAdapter.fluchCache();
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        // 退出程序时结束所有的下载任务
        mAdapter.cancelAllTasks();
    }

}

//LruCache和DiskLruCache
public class PhotoWallAdapter extends ArrayAdapter<String> {

    /**
     * 记录所有正在下载或等待下载的任务。
     */
    private Set<BitmapWorkerTask> taskCollection;

    /**
     * 图片缓存技术的核心类，用于缓存所有下载好的图片，在程序内存达到设定值时会将最少最近使用的图片移除掉。
     */
    private LruCache<String, Bitmap> mMemoryCache;

    /**
     * 图片硬盘缓存核心类。
     */
    private DiskLruCache mDiskLruCache;

    /**
     * GridView的实例
     */
    private GridView mPhotoWall;

    /**
     * 记录每个子项的高度。
     */
    private int mItemHeight = 0;

    public PhotoWallAdapter(Context context, int textViewResourceId, String[] objects,
            GridView photoWall) {
        super(context, textViewResourceId, objects);
        mPhotoWall = photoWall;
        taskCollection = new HashSet<BitmapWorkerTask>();
        // 获取应用程序最大可用内存
        int maxMemory = (int) Runtime.getRuntime().maxMemory();
        int cacheSize = maxMemory / 8;
        // 设置图片缓存大小为程序最大可用内存的1/8
        mMemoryCache = new LruCache<String, Bitmap>(cacheSize) {
            @Override
            protected int sizeOf(String key, Bitmap bitmap) {
                //return bitmap.getByteCount();
                return bitmap.getRowBytes()*bitmap.getHeight();
            }
        };
        try {
            // 获取图片缓存路径
            File cacheDir = getDiskCacheDir(context, "thumb");
            if (!cacheDir.exists()) {
                cacheDir.mkdirs();
            }
            // 创建DiskLruCache实例，初始化缓存数据
            mDiskLruCache = DiskLruCache
                    .open(cacheDir, getAppVersion(context), 1, 10 * 1024 * 1024);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    @Override
    public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
        final String url = getItem(position);
        View view;
        if (convertView == null) {
            view = LayoutInflater.from(getContext()).inflate(R.layout.photo_layout, null);
        } else {
            view = convertView;
        }
        final ImageView imageView = (ImageView) view.findViewById(R.id.photo);
        if (imageView.getLayoutParams().height != mItemHeight) {
            System.out.println("imageView.getLayoutParams().height:"+imageView.getLayoutParams().height);
            System.out.println("mItemHeight:"+mItemHeight);
            imageView.getLayoutParams().height = mItemHeight;
        }
        // 给ImageView设置一个Tag，保证异步加载图片时不会乱序
        imageView.setTag(url);
        imageView.setImageResource(R.drawable.empty_photo);
        loadBitmaps(imageView, url);
        return view;
    }

    /**
     * 将一张图片存储到LruCache中。
     * 
     * @param key
     *            LruCache的键，这里传入图片的URL地址。
     * @param bitmap
     *            LruCache的键，这里传入从网络上下载的Bitmap对象。
     */
    public void addBitmapToMemoryCache(String key, Bitmap bitmap) {
        if (getBitmapFromMemoryCache(key) == null) {
            mMemoryCache.put(key, bitmap);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 从LruCache中获取一张图片，如果不存在就返回null。
     * 
     * @param key
     *            LruCache的键，这里传入图片的URL地址。
     * @return 对应传入键的Bitmap对象，或者null。
     */
    public Bitmap getBitmapFromMemoryCache(String key) {
        return mMemoryCache.get(key);
    }

    /**
     * 加载Bitmap对象。此方法会在LruCache中检查所有屏幕中可见的ImageView的Bitmap对象，
     * 如果发现任何一个ImageView的Bitmap对象不在缓存中，就会开启异步线程去下载图片。
     */
    public void loadBitmaps(ImageView imageView, String imageUrl) {
        try {
            Bitmap bitmap = getBitmapFromMemoryCache(imageUrl);
            if (bitmap == null) {
                BitmapWorkerTask task = new BitmapWorkerTask();
                taskCollection.add(task);
                task.execute(imageUrl);
            } else {
                if (imageView != null && bitmap != null) {
                    imageView.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
                }
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    /**
     * 取消所有正在下载或等待下载的任务。
     */
    public void cancelAllTasks() {
        if (taskCollection != null) {
            for (BitmapWorkerTask task : taskCollection) {
                task.cancel(false);
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * 根据传入的uniqueName获取硬盘缓存的路径地址。
     */
    public File getDiskCacheDir(Context context, String uniqueName) {
        String cachePath;
        if (Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED.equals(Environment.getExternalStorageState())
                || !Environment.isExternalStorageRemovable()) {
            cachePath = context.getExternalCacheDir().getPath();
        } else {
            cachePath = context.getCacheDir().getPath();
        }
        return new File(cachePath + File.separator + uniqueName);
    }

    /**
     * 获取当前应用程序的版本号。
     */
    public int getAppVersion(Context context) {
        try {
            PackageInfo info = context.getPackageManager().getPackageInfo(context.getPackageName(),
                    0);
            return info.versionCode;
        } catch (NameNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return 1;
    }

    /**
     * 设置item子项的高度。
     */
    public void setItemHeight(int height) {
        if (height == mItemHeight) {
            return;
        }
        mItemHeight = height;
        notifyDataSetChanged();
    }

    /**
     * 使用MD5算法对传入的key进行加密并返回。
     */
    public String hashKeyForDisk(String key) {
        String cacheKey;
        try {
            final MessageDigest mDigest = MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5");
            mDigest.update(key.getBytes());
            cacheKey = bytesToHexString(mDigest.digest());
        } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
            cacheKey = String.valueOf(key.hashCode());
        }
        return cacheKey;
    }

    /**
     * 将缓存记录同步到journal文件中。
     */
    public void fluchCache() {
        if (mDiskLruCache != null) {
            try {
                mDiskLruCache.flush();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

    private String bytesToHexString(byte[] bytes) {
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        for (int i = 0; i < bytes.length; i++) {
            String hex = Integer.toHexString(0xFF & bytes[i]);
            if (hex.length() == 1) {
                sb.append('0');
            }
            sb.append(hex);
        }
        return sb.toString();
    }

    /**
     * 异步下载图片的任务。
     * 
     * @author guolin
     */
    class BitmapWorkerTask extends AsyncTask<String, Void, Bitmap> {

        /**
         * 图片的URL地址
         */
        private String imageUrl;

        @Override
        protected Bitmap doInBackground(String... params) {
            imageUrl = params[0];
            FileDescriptor fileDescriptor = null;
            FileInputStream fileInputStream = null;
            Snapshot snapShot = null;
            try {
                // 生成图片URL对应的key
                final String key = hashKeyForDisk(imageUrl);
                // 查找key对应的缓存
                snapShot = mDiskLruCache.get(key);
                if (snapShot == null) {
                    // 如果没有找到对应的缓存，则准备从网络上请求数据，并写入缓存
                    DiskLruCache.Editor editor = mDiskLruCache.edit(key);
                    if (editor != null) {
                        OutputStream outputStream = editor.newOutputStream(0);
                        if (downloadUrlToStream(imageUrl, outputStream)) {
                            editor.commit();
                        } else {
                            editor.abort();
                        }
                    }
                    // 缓存被写入后，再次查找key对应的缓存
                    snapShot = mDiskLruCache.get(key);
                }
                if (snapShot != null) {
                    fileInputStream = (FileInputStream) snapShot.getInputStream(0);
                    fileDescriptor = fileInputStream.getFD();
                }
                // 将缓存数据解析成Bitmap对象
                Bitmap bitmap = null;
                if (fileDescriptor != null) {
                    bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeFileDescriptor(fileDescriptor);
                }
                if (bitmap != null) {
                    // 将Bitmap对象添加到内存缓存当中
                    addBitmapToMemoryCache(params[0], bitmap);
                }
                return bitmap;
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } finally {
                if (fileDescriptor == null && fileInputStream != null) {
                    try {
                        fileInputStream.close();
                    } catch (IOException e) {
                    }
                }
            }
            return null;
        }

        @Override
        protected void onPostExecute(Bitmap bitmap) {
            super.onPostExecute(bitmap);
            // 根据Tag找到相应的ImageView控件，将下载好的图片显示出来。
            ImageView imageView = (ImageView) mPhotoWall.findViewWithTag(imageUrl);
            if (imageView != null && bitmap != null) {
                imageView.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
            }
            taskCollection.remove(this);
        }

        /**
         * 建立HTTP请求，并获取Bitmap对象。
         * 
         * @param imageUrl
         *            图片的URL地址
         * @return 解析后的Bitmap对象
         */
        public boolean downloadUrlToStream(String urlString, OutputStream outputStream) {
            HttpURLConnection urlConnection = null;
            BufferedOutputStream out = null;
            BufferedInputStream in = null;
            try {
                final URL url = new URL(urlString);
                urlConnection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
                in = new BufferedInputStream(urlConnection.getInputStream(), 8 * 1024);
                out = new BufferedOutputStream(outputStream, 8 * 1024);
                int b;
                while ((b = in.read()) != -1) {
                    out.write(b);
                }
                return true;
            } catch (final IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } finally {
                if (urlConnection != null) {
                    urlConnection.disconnect();
                }
                try {
                    if (out != null) {
                        out.close();
                    }
                    if (in != null) {
                        in.close();
                    }
                } catch (final IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            return false;
        }

    }


}

//图片资源
public class Images {

    public final static String[] imageThumbUrls = new String[] {
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406383299_1976.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406383291_6518.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406383291_8239.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406383290_9329.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406383290_1042.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406383275_3977.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406383265_8550.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406383264_3954.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406383264_4787.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406383264_8243.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406383248_3693.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406383243_5120.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406383242_3127.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406383242_9576.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406383242_1721.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406383219_5806.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406383214_7794.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406383213_4418.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406383213_3557.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406383210_8779.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406383172_4577.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406383166_3407.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406383166_2224.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406383166_7301.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406383165_7197.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406383150_8410.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406383131_3736.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406383130_5094.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406383130_7393.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406383129_8813.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406383100_3554.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406383093_7894.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406383092_2432.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406383092_3071.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406383091_3119.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406383059_6589.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406383059_8814.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406383059_2237.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406383058_4330.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406383038_3602.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406382942_3079.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406382942_8125.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406382942_4881.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406382941_4559.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406382941_3845.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406382924_8955.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406382923_2141.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406382923_8437.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406382922_6166.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406382922_4843.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406382905_5804.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406382904_3362.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406382904_2312.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406382904_4960.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406382900_2418.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406382881_4490.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406382881_5935.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406382880_3865.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406382880_4662.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406382879_2553.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406382862_5375.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406382862_1748.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406382861_7618.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406382861_8606.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406382861_8949.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406382841_9821.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406382840_6603.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406382840_2405.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406382840_6354.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406382839_5779.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406382810_7578.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406382810_2436.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406382809_3883.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406382809_6269.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406382808_4179.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406382790_8326.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406382789_7174.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406382789_5170.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406382789_4118.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406382788_9532.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406382767_3184.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406382767_4772.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406382766_4924.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406382766_5762.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406382765_7341.jpg",
        "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201308/31/1377949442_4562.jpg"
    };
}

布局文件：

主布局文件：activity_main
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent" 
    android:padding="2dp"
>

    <GridView
        android:id="@+id/photo_wall"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:columnWidth="100dp"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:horizontalSpacing="2dp"
        android:numColumns="3"
        android:stretchMode="columnWidth"
        android:verticalSpacing="2dp" >
    </GridView>

</LinearLayout>

photo的item布局 photo_layout:
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content" >

    <ImageView 
        android:id="@+id/photo"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:layout_centerInParent="true"
        android:scaleType="fitXY"
        />

</RelativeLayout>