SciPy defines some useful functions for computing distances between sets of points.
1、The function scipy.spatial.distance.pdist
computes the distance between all pairs of points in a given set:
import numpy as np
from scipy.spatial.distance import pdist, squareform
# Create the following array where each row is a point in 2D space:
# [[0 1]
# [1 0]
# [2 0]]
x = np.array([[0, 1], [1, 0], [2, 0]])
print(x)
# Compute the Euclidean distance between all rows of x.
# d[i, j] is the Euclidean distance between x[i, :] and x[j, :],
# and d is the following array:
# [[ 0. 1.41421356 2.23606798]
# [ 1.41421356 0. 1. ]
# [ 2.23606798 1. 0. ]]
d = squareform(pdist(x, 'euclidean'))
print(d)
array=
[dx1(row1),x1(row1),dx1(row1),x1(row2),dx1(row1),x1(row3)]
[dx1(row2),x1(row1),dx1(row2),x1(row2),dx1(row2),x1(row3)]
[dx1(row3),x1(row1),dx1(row3),x1(row2),dx1(row3),x1(row3)]
from:http://cs231n.github.io/python-numpy-tutorial/
2、
常见的欧氏距离计算:
-
In [1]: from scipy.spatial.distance import cdist
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...: import numpy as np
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...: x1 =np.array([(1,3),(2,4),(5,6)])
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...: x2 =[(3,7),(4,8),(6,9)]
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...: cdist(x1,x2,metric='euclidean')
-
...:
-
Out[1]:
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array([[ 4.47213595, 5.83095189, 7.81024968],
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[ 3.16227766, 4.47213595, 6.40312424],
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[ 2.23606798, 2.23606798, 3.16227766]])
解析上述计算过程:结果数组中的第一行数据表示的是x1数组中第一个元素点与x2数组中各个元素点的距离,计算两点之间的距离
array=
[dx1(row1),x2(row1),dx1(row1),x2(row2),dx3(row1),x3(row3)]
[dx1(row2),x2(row1),dx1(row2),x2(row2),dx3(row2),x3(row3)]
[dx1(row3),x2(row1),dx1(row3),x2(row2),dx3(row3),x3(row3)]
以点(1,3)与(3,7)点的距离为例:
-
In [2]: np.power((1-3)**2 +(3-7)**2,1/2)
-
Out[2]: 4.4721359549995796
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from :https://blog.csdn.net/kancy110/article/details/75675574