kaptcha 验证码组件使用简介

kaptcha 是一个非常实用的验证码生成工具。有了它，你可以生成各种样式的验证码，因为它是可配置的。kaptcha工作的原理是调用 com.google.code.kaptcha.servlet.KaptchaServlet，生成一个图片。同时将生成的验证码字符串放到 HttpSession中。

使用kaptcha可以方便的配置：

 

• 验证码的字体
• 验证码字体的大小
• 验证码字体的字体颜色
• 验证码内容的范围(数字，字母，中文汉字！)
• 验证码图片的大小，边框，边框粗细，边框颜色
• 验证码的干扰线(可以自己继承com.google.code.kaptcha.NoiseProducer写一个自定义的干扰线)
• 验证码的样式(鱼眼样式、3D、普通模糊……当然也可以继承com.google.code.kaptcha.GimpyEngine自定义样式)

 

……

详细信息请看下面的web.xml文件

下面介绍一下用法:

1.首先去官网下载jar:http://code.google.com/p/kaptcha/

2.建立一个web项目，导入kaptcha-2.3.jar到环境变量中。

3.配置web.xml文件

<!--Kaptcha 验证码  --><!--
	<servlet>
		<servlet-name>kaptcha</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>com.google.code.kaptcha.servlet.KaptchaServlet</servlet-class>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>kaptcha.border</param-name>
			<param-value>no</param-value>
		</init-param>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>kaptcha.border.color</param-name>
			<param-value>105,179,90</param-value>
		</init-param>		
		<init-param>
			<param-name>kaptcha.textproducer.font.color</param-name>
			<param-value>red</param-value>
		</init-param>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>kaptcha.image.width</param-name>
			<param-value>250</param-value>
		</init-param>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>kaptcha.image.height</param-name>
			<param-value>90</param-value>
		</init-param>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>kaptcha.textproducer.font.size</param-name>
			<param-value>70</param-value>
		</init-param>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>kaptcha.session.key</param-name>
			<param-value>code</param-value>
		</init-param>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>kaptcha.textproducer.char.length</param-name>
			<param-value>4</param-value>
		</init-param>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>kaptcha.textproducer.font.names</param-name>
			<param-value>宋体,楷体,微软雅黑</param-value>
		</init-param>		
	</servlet>

 

      <servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>kaptcha</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>/ClinicCountManager/kaptcha.jpg</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>

 

jsp 页面使用

	<table>
			<tr>
				<td><img src="/ClinicCountManager/kaptcha.jpg"></td>
				<td valign="top">
			
					<form method="POST">
						<br>sec code:<input type="text" name="kaptchafield"><br />
						<input type="submit" name="submit">
					</form>
				</td>
			</tr>
		</table>	

		<br /><br /><br /><br />
		
		<%
			String c = (String)session.getAttribute(com.google.code.kaptcha.Constants.KAPTCHA_SESSION_KEY);
			String parm = (String) request.getParameter("kaptchafield");
			
			out.println("Parameter: " + parm + " ? Session Key: " + c + " : ");
			
			if (c != null && parm != null) {
				if (c.equals(parm)) {
					out.println("<b>true</b>");
				} else {
					out.println("<b>false</b>");
				}
			
		%>

 上面的配置在普通jsp环境下面是有效的，如果在spring mvc环境下，则取不到session值，对于sping mvc环境验证码配置如下：

１.不用在web.xml进行相关配置，在applicationContext.xml中配置

<bean id="captchaProducer" class="com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.DefaultKaptcha">
		<property name="config">
			<bean class="com.google.code.kaptcha.util.Config">
				<constructor-arg>
					<props>
						<prop key="kaptcha.border">no</prop>
						<prop key="kaptcha.border.color">105,179,90</prop>
						<prop key="kaptcha.textproducer.font.color">red</prop>
						<prop key="kaptcha.image.width">250</prop>
						<prop key="kaptcha.textproducer.font.size">90</prop>
						<prop key="kaptcha.image.height">90</prop>
						<prop key="kaptcha.session.key">code</prop>
						<prop key="kaptcha.textproducer.char.length">4</prop>
						<prop key="kaptcha.textproducer.font.names">宋体,楷体,微软雅黑</prop>
					</props>
				</constructor-arg>
			</bean>
		</property>
	</bean>

 

新建生成图片控制类

import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import com.google.code.kaptcha.Constants;
import com.google.code.kaptcha.Producer;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/")
public class CaptchaImageCreateController {
	
	private Producer captchaProducer = null;

	@Autowired
	public void setCaptchaProducer(Producer captchaProducer) {
		this.captchaProducer = captchaProducer;
	}

	@RequestMapping("/captcha-image")
	public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {

		response.setDateHeader("Expires", 0);
		// Set standard HTTP/1.1 no-cache headers.
		response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-store, no-cache, must-revalidate");
		// Set IE extended HTTP/1.1 no-cache headers (use addHeader).
		response.addHeader("Cache-Control", "post-check=0, pre-check=0");
		// Set standard HTTP/1.0 no-cache header.
		response.setHeader("Pragma", "no-cache");
		// return a jpeg
		response.setContentType("image/jpeg");
		// create the text for the image
		String capText = captchaProducer.createText();
		// store the text in the session
		request.getSession().setAttribute(Constants.KAPTCHA_SESSION_KEY, capText);
		// create the image with the text
		BufferedImage bi = captchaProducer.createImage(capText);
		ServletOutputStream out = response.getOutputStream();
		// write the data out
		ImageIO.write(bi, "jpg", out);
		try {
			out.flush();
		} finally {
			out.close();
		}
		return null;
	}

}

 

 前台调用方式

 <div class="chknumber">
        <label>验证码：        
        <input name="kaptcha" type="text" id="kaptcha" maxlength="4" class="chknumber_input" />             
        </label>
         <img src="/ClinicCountManager/captcha-image.do" width="55" height="20" id="kaptchaImage"  style="margin-bottom: -3px"/> 
        <script type="text/javascript">    
         $(function(){         
             $('#kaptchaImage').click(function () {//生成验证码
            	 $(this).hide().attr('src', '/ClinicCountManager/captcha-image.do?' + Math.floor(Math.random()*100) ).fadeIn(); })    
                   }); 
       
        </script> 
      </div>

 取验证码的方式

		String code = (String)session.getAttribute(com.google.code.kaptcha.Constants.KAPTCHA_SESSION_KEY);
			

 如果需要全部数字

        <init-param>     
            <param-name>kaptcha.textproducer.char.string</param-name>     
            <param-value>0123456789</param-value>     
        </init-param>

 去掉干扰线

        <init-param>
            <param-name>kaptcha.noise.impl</param-name>
            <param-value>com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.NoNoise </param-value>
        </init-param>